ONR Programs Embracing the Modular
Open System Approach (MOSA)
for
Military Aviation Architecture Conference
Lexington Park, MD
21 September, 2010
Betsy B. DeLong
Office of Naval Research
703-588-0069
betsy.delong@navy.mil
OUTLINE
Overview of Integrated Topside (InTop) Program
InTop heritage – The Advanced Multi-Function RFConcept (AMRF-C) Program
Multi-Function Electronic Warfare (MFEW) Program
Navy/Industry InTop Open Architecture Study
Group – organization and study results
Digital Array Radar (DAR)
Conclusions
2
WHAT IS INTEGRATED TOPSIDE ?
Open
Architecture
Multi-function apertures
simultaneous beams
simultaneous functions
Scalable
Systems
 Dominate the RF spectrum
– Dynamic management of RF spectrum
– Control Electro Magnetic Interference (EMI) and increase RF availability
– More capability per ship through optimized aperture placement and space/weight/power
improvements
– Software defined functionality
 Enable innovation through a RF Open Architecture
– Broader industrial base for government and prime contractors
– Modular open RF design (apertures and electronics) to facilitate best of breed technology and cost
effective upgrades
– Continuous improvement in capability through software and hardware spirals
 Create affordable systems that are scalable across platforms
– Scalable architecture to meet multiple platform needs
– Common maintenance, training, and logistics pipelines across platforms with attendant reduced
manpower vs. numerous stove-piped program Operation & Support costs
3
INTOP PROTOTYPES
Consolidated SatCom for
Submarines and Ships
Primary functions:
- All (ex. UHF) SatCom
- 4 to 8+ Simul. Links
Secondary Functions:
- IO / EW Support
- LOS Comm Augment
FLEXAR
Multi-channel
Digital Array Radar
Primary functions:
- S-Band Radar
- Volume Search
- Precision Track
- Missile Data Link
- Air Traffic Control
- Precision Landing
- In-Band ES/EA/EP
Secondary Functions:
- Weather Surveillance
- Navigation
- IO/EW Support
Multibeam
EW/IO/Comms
Primary functions:
- X thru Ku band EA
- EA Support (Rx)
- Hawklink (TCDL)
- LOS Network Links
- SEI/ES Support
Secondary Functions:
- SATCOM Augment
- Prec. Landing Link
- IO Support
MFEW ADM
(complete)
Primary functions:
- HPOI Acq/PDF ES
- ASMD
- Sit. Awareness
- SEI Support
Secondary Functions:
- EA Support
- IO Support
Low Band Comms
Consolidated & IO
Primary functions:
- HF Comm
- VHF Comm
- UHF Comm
- IO
- Combat DF
- SSEE
Secondary Functions:
- Other Omni Comm
- AIS
- JTIDS
- OTH Radar (Rx)
- SW Radar
4
THE ADVANCED MULTIFUNCTION RF
CONCEPT (AMRFC)
ONR initiated AMRF-C to determine the
possibility of using wide-band arrays to
meet multiple RF functions simultaneously
ONR used an open architecture
approach to RF systems to allow multiple
vendors to participate and pave the way for
scalable, upgradable systems
The Multi Function Electronic Warfare
Future Naval Capability (MFEW FNC)
resulted from this effort
Demonstrated Functions
 Comm: X-Band DSCS Satcom Link, Ku-Band
Commercial Satcom Link, Ku TCDL
 Navigation Radar
 Electronic Warfare: Electronic Surveillance,
Electronic Attack
 Calibration
5
MFEW DEVELOPMENT GOALS
 Meets key Electronic
Surveillance capabilities: High
Probability of Intercept
(HPIO), Precision Direction
Finding (PDF) and Specific
Emitter Identification (SEI)
 Capable of supporting
additional RF functions
 Supports other platform
configurations, including
back-fit
 Technology transitions to
fleet
 Architecture that is modular,
scalable and open
MFEW
RIMPAC 08 onboard USS Comstock
6
MFEW BLOCK DIAGRAM
ESAR
ESFO
(Above
Deck)
ESDR
ESIR
10 MHz
Ref Input
(Below
Deck)
400 MHz
Reference
FO/IF
IF/FO
FO/
IF
ESP
MRO
100
MHz
IF/
FO
1 GHz
400 MHz FO Link
ACP
Ethernet
ESPA
Quad 1
Antenna
Array
RTCP
E
S
P
CONTROL
40
CAL/
POL
SW
CAL
20
FO/
IF
RFD
4
8
20
CAL
DIST
8
RFC
8
RFD
8
8
RFD
8
CAL
8
IF/
FO
8
IF/
FO
24
CHs
8
8
8
FO/
IF
24
CHs
8
CAL
CAL
8
8
IF
CONVERTER /
IF
CONDITIONER/
IF
DISTRIBUTION
8
8
DRE
8
3 GHz FO Link
(Above
Deck)
(Below
Deck)
7
MFEW MOSA SELF ASSESSMENT
8
ONE SYSTEM – MODULAR, SCALABLE
MF
(EA)
(1-5)
(5-30)
Unique application / installation
Future combatants passive sensors
DDG-1000, etc.
ES
SA
$
PDF
SEI
SA
MDF
RWR
(100-200)
Back fit SLQ-32 replacement
DDG, CG, etc.
(5-10)
Future SLQ-32 V2 replacement
Deep Water National Security Cutter
(30-50)
Small ship self protection
LCS, Deep Water OPC & FRC
9
1
OPEN ARCHITECTURE SUCCESS
 Separate contract let to DRS to develop a RFC SRU that met the
open interfaces of the Northrop Grumman (NG) MFEW ADM
architecture
 DRS developed the SI-9161 RFC in parallel with their SI-9155
enabling ONR to leverage DRS investment in the SI-9155 for the
NGC compatible SI-9161
 The lessons learned on one configuration was leveraged to both
– the Si-9161 development efforts, collaboration with ONR and NG
was very valuable to the success of the SI-9155
– The modular and forward thinking design of the two receivers
enables the features between the SI-9161 and SI-9155 to
effectively be interchangeable
 The DRS RFC was used by Lockheed Martin (LM) during their
RIMPAC testing
– LM was able to integrate the SI-9161 in their ES architecture within
a week
– LM proposed the SI-9161 as part of SEWIP Block 2
– LM is also using the SI-9161 SEWIP Block 1B HGHS
10
INDUSTRY SUPPORT
 Ensure broad industry involvement in open architecture
and standards development
– Visits to and from industry
– NDIA workshops (Industry and Navy participation)
 Approximately 20 companies/40-50 individuals
 8 November 2006 – Overview and feedback on IT INP
 2 May 2007 - Business case
 28 June 2007 – Requirements and architecture
 2 August 2007 - Organization to define standards
– Integrated Topside INP RFI responses received
 Initiated industry co-led modular open RF architecture
definition process in FY08
11
NAVY/INDUSTRY INTOP OA STUDY
12
GENERIC INTOP BLOCK DIAGRAM
13
NOTIONAL APERTURE SUBSYSTEM
BLOCK DIAGRAM
Aperture Blocks for All Subarray Types
M
ICD
ToD/
Clks 1pps
M
ICD
ToD/
Clks 1pps
>1
RF
Mounting Structure
& RF FeedThru
Radome / FSS /
Subaperture SRU
SA Elec SRU
>1
RF
LRM
SRU
RTCN
Cal
P
Power
Cond’ng SRAs
M
ICD
P:B Matrix
SW SRU
B1
RF
>1
RF
Mounting Structure
& RF FeedThru
DC
Radome / FSS /
Subaperture SRU
M
ICD
Subarray Ctrl
SRUs
Aperture
Electronics &
Element Level
Beamforming
SRAs
M
ICD
Ship Structure
RF/IF/Analog Intrfc
TBD Dig Intrfc
>1
B1
Subaperture Electronics (SA Elec) SRU
RF
RF
HV House Liquid
Air
Power Power Cooling Cooling
Ship Utilities
SRU = Ship Replaceable Unit
Packetized Dig Intrfc
Clks
ToD/ Ref
1pps LOs
RT Ctrl
Net
InTop Utilities / RAM
SRA = Shop Replaceable Assembly
LRM = Local Resource Manager
MICD = Mechanical ICD
14
GENERIC APERTURE BLOCK
DIAGRAM
Generic Aperture Architecture
IMU
MICD
MICD
MICD
MICD
MICD
Cal
Power
Cond’ng
Combiner/Divider
Network
Phase/Amplitude
Control
RF
Amplifiers (LNA/PA)
Multiple
beams and
polarizations
>1
Isolation Control
Antenna
Signature Control
SRU
Radome
SRU
>1
RF
Clks ToD/
1pps
Antenna
Controller
Clks
ToD/
1pps
LRM
RTCN
MICD
To RF/IF Interface
Structure
SRU
(really SHIP)
Utility and Signal Integration
HV House Liquid
Air
Power Power Cooling Cooling
Ship Utilities
RF/IF/Analog Intrfc
TBD Dig Intrfc
Clks
ToD/ Ref
1pps LOs
RT Ctrl
Net
InTop Utilities / RAM
Packetized Dig Intrfc
Order of the four blocks (from
isolation control to combiner
network) could vary depending on
the architecture. Filters may be
placed after amplifiers, amplifiers
after the phase shifters, even some
level of combining may occur
before phase/amplitude control.
MICD = Mechanical ICD
LRM = Local Resource Manager
20
15
ANTENNA SUBSYSTEM MODULAR
MECHANICAL ARCHITECTURE
16
CHALLENGES, RISKS AND
IMPLICATIONS
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Confirmation that SRU/CSCI interfaces and specifications are
accurate and sufficient for acquisition from alternate sources
Navy must provide protection of contractor intellectual property
even as it demands compliance with MOSA
The price for lower total life cycle cost could mean higher initial
acquisition cost
Standards selection can be risky and problematic requiring greater
knowledge on part of the government
Interface standards evolve with time. Difficult to project the extent
a given standard will endure or should be replaced
Standards-based architectures tend to change the focus of systems
engineering from design to integration
Shorter commercial product lifetimes create logistical support
challenges
17
POTENTIAL OPERATIONAL PERFORMANCE
BENEFITS OF OA BASED TOPSIDE SYSTEMS
•
The ability to adapt to evolving requirements and threats
•
Accelerating the transition from S&T into acquisition and
deployment (make technology refresh an asset, not a liability)
•
Ensuring that the system will interoperate with all the systems
with which it must interface without major modification of
exiting components
•
Improving the extensibility for meeting new requirements and
for introducing new capabilities
18
DIGITAL ARRAY RADAR
PREMISE/GOALS
 ONR’s government owned and integrated Open Architecture Digital Array
Radar sunsets in FY12
 Open Architecture test bed enables investigation of alternative solutions
and risk reduction
 Core government team with competency to design, build, and test next
generation multi-mission radars (similar to SPQ-9, SPS-49, and APS-137
programs of the past)
 Improves government ability to trade requirements throughout the
development cycle
 Competition at the subsystem level (vice TSPR) widens the pool of
vendors able to compete
 Constrain contractor costs by evaporation of sole source
 Government develops and owns requirements and specifications
 Government competitively selects subsystem vendors
 The government has no business model impediments to the extensive
adoption of relevant open commercial standards and specifications
19
OA RADAR SPECIFICATION (OARS)
DAR Subsystems
NAV
CS
External Systems
Navigation
System
Combat
System
Analog Signal Lines
Timing Signal Lines
Radar
Controls
& Status
NAV Data
All Ethernet-Based
Digital Messages
TIME CRITICAL &
FREQ SPECIFIC
ANALOG DOMAIN
AS
Antenna
Subsystem
Transmit
Waveforms
Received
Echo Signals
10 MHz Source, 1 PPS, IRIG-B DCLS
Cross-Platform Time-Of-Day Based
Coordinated RF Timing and Control
RCPS
Radar Control Processor
Subsystem
Radar Operation Administrative Commands and Status
Element
Data
Beam
Data
DREXS
DBFS
Digital Receiver
Exciter Subsystem
Digital Beam Former
Subsystem
ASYCHRONOUS
FREQ-AGNOSTIC
DIGITAL DOMAIN
Processed
Data
Processed
Data
DSPS
Digital Signal
Processor Subsystem
HMIS
Human-Machine
Interface Subsystem
OARS DREX Specification
Open Architecture Radar Specifications
ASN RDA Open Architecture Guidance
OARS Provides a Detailed Open Architecture
Interface Definition Between Subsystems in an
2
Open and Non-Proprietary Manner
20
CONCLUSIONS
 ONR has a solid S&T foundation to support MOSA based
systems of the future
 OA is a real enabler for making systems more affordable
– Leverage commercial investment;
– Enhance access to cutting edge technologies
– Enhance commonality and reuse across platforms
– Enable increased competition
 Industry is a willing partner and its involvement is essential
in defining MOSA based architectures and standards
“Specifying modular architecture and open software standards is
essential to allow spiral development of optimal systems design constant evolution in capabilities should be expected.”
-JASONS Summer Study Report 2008
21