DIODE
Working
principle
Electroluminescence
Invented
Oleg Losev (1927)
James R. Biard (1961)
Nick Holonyak (1962)
First
production
1968
NOTE:
NICK THE FATHER OF LED.SINCE NE INVENTED 1ST VISIBLE LIGHT
EMITTING LED.THAT CAN REPLACE INCANDESCENT BULB
INCANDESCENT
LED
CFL
INCANDESCENT
FEATURES
LEDS
INCANDESCENT
CFLs
Lifespan (avg)
50,000 hrs
1200hrs
8000hrs
Watts used
6-8watts
60watts
13-15watts
Annual operating cost
$32.85
$328.59
$76.65
Toxic mercury
No toxic Hg
No toxic Hg
Yes,causes
harm
Sensitivity to low temp
None
Some
Yes(10<T<120)
in Fahrenheit
On/Off Cycling
No Effect
Some Effect
Decrease life
span
Turns On instantly
Yes
Yes
No(take time
to warm up)
Durability
Very durable
Not durable(glass
can break)
Notdurable(gl
ass can break)
Light output for 450 lumens Requires 4-5watts
Require 40 watts
Requires 9-13
watts
Annual operating costs
(30 incandescent bulbs per
year equivalent)
$328.59
Rs20,043.99
$76.65
Rs4,675.65
$32.85
Rs2,003.85
TOP 10 LED LIGHTING COMPANIES IN INDIA (2009-11):
S.N.O
NAME OF COMPANY
ANNUAL REVENUE(RS)
1
MIC Electronics Ltd
2339.3millions
2
Reiz Electronics Pvt Ltd
111.3millions
3
Insta Power Ltd
109millions
4
Abby Lighting & Switchgear Ltd
68.6millions
5
Binay Opto Electronics Pvt Ltd
61.3millions
6
REI Electronics Pvt Ltd
56millions
7
Avni Energy Solutions Pvt Ltd
50millions
8
Alien Energy Pvt Ltd
33.9millions
9
Kwality Photonics Pvt Ltd
33.1millions
10
Promptec Renewable Energy Solutions Pvt Ltd
32.1millions
LEDS
UV&BLUE
LED
RGB
SYSTEMS
WHITE
PHOSPHOR
LED
OLED
OTHER
LEDS
QUANTUM
DOT LEDS
TYPES OF LED
•4.1 Miniature
•4.2 Mid-range
•4.3 High-power
•4.4 AC driven LED
•4.5 Application-specific variations
4.5.1 Flashing
4.5.2 Bi-color LED
4.5.3 Tri-color
4.5.4 RGB
4.5.5 Decorative multicolor
4.5.6 Alphanumeric
4.5.7 Digital RGB
SHAPES OF LED BULBS:
Color
Wavelength
range (nm)
620 < λ < 645
Typical
efficacy
(lm/W)
72
Typical
efficiency
(W/W)
0.39
Red
Red-orange
610 < λ < 620
98
0.29
Green
520 < λ < 550
93
0.15
Cyan
490 < λ < 520
75
0.26
Blue
460 < λ < 490
37
0.35











Efficiency
Colour
Size
On/Off time
Cycling
Dimming
Life time
Shock resistance
Focus
Slow failure
Doesn’t release Hg(which cause environment
problems)
 No Filament
High initial price
Impact on insects
Efficiency drop
Blue pollution
Temperature
dependence
•LED tv
•Traffic signals
•Emergency vehicle lighting
•Brake lights in automobiles
•Head lights in automobiles
•LED street lights are employed on poles and in parking
garages. In 2007, the Italian village Torraca was the first
place to convert its entire illumination system to LEDs
•Used in airports like Runway ,edge lights, guidance signs,
and obstruction lighting.
Lamp
Cost($)
No.Of.Lamps Total cost
Energy
Energy
cost/KWh
Annual
energy
cost
Incandescent
2
42
84
23110
0.2
4622
LED
25
42
1050
2189
0.2
438
CFLS
7
13
91
1732
0.2
346
NOTE:
42 INCANDESCENT BULBS CONSUMES ENERGY COST=$4622/ANNUM
42 LED BULB
=$1050
=$3572
42 LED BULBS CONSUMES ENERGY COST
=$438
SAVINGS BY USING LED INSTEAD OF INCANDESCENT =$3134/ANNUM
$3134=3134*61=Rs1,91,174 CAN BE SAVED+SAVE ENVIRONMENT
FROM TOXIC GASES
NOTE:
On October 7, 2014, the Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded to Isamu Akasaki, Hiroshi Amano
and Shuji Nakamura for "the invention of efficient blue light-emitting diodes which has
enabled bright and energy-saving white light sources" or, less formally, LED lamps.[10]
THANK
YOU