Challenges and Solutions for
achieving a
Renewable Electric Grid in India
By
Dr. Rahul Walawalkar
VP, Emerging Tech & Markets, Customized Energy Solutions
Secretary, ESA
Executive Director, IESA
Vice Chair, GESA
India Electricity Generation
& Anticipated Installed Capacity Additions
India – Wind and Solar Resource Availability
13-17 GW of wind anticipated by
2013
Solar Map
Goal of 20 GW
of solar by 2022
Typical All India daily load curve
124710 MW
2000 hrs
Ramp Rate –
110 MW / min
112632 MW
1810 hrs
Challenges in Renewables Integration
Source: Dr. Michael Milligan NREL / AWEA : Dr. Jay Apt, CMU
Variation of wind generation over a day
All India Wind Energy Generation on Daily Basis
Transmission Upgrades – Green Corridors
• Green Corridors planned forTamil
Nadu, Gujarat, Rajasthan, Karnataka,
Andhra
Pradesh,
Maharashtra,
Himachal Pradesh and Jammu &
Kashmir.
• The transmission system costing
about Rs. 32,000 crores (5 billion US
$) have been planned to cater to the
needs of about 32 GW RE capacity
addition program for the 12th Plan
(2012-17).
• INR 2000 Cr. (~$333 Million)
investment anticipated for energy
storage investments.
• Currently looking for 1-5 MW pilot
demonstration projects for technology
validation
India Grid Frequency
Introducing Ancillary
Services in India
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Implementing new Indian Grid Code
• Wind / Solar developers may have to pay financial
penalties for deviations of more than ±30% of forecast
• Wind energy generators will be able to fine tune
their schedules (based on forecasting) as close as three
hours before actual generation.
• The operational frequency band has been further
tightened from ‘50.3 Hz to 49.2 Hz’ to ‘50.2 to 49.5 Hz’.
• This is generating interest in exploring better
forecasting as well as integrating storage for wind farms
• This provision is currently put on hold as policy makers
are exploring alternative options
Wind Forecasting Errors
Insights from initial scheduling trials
Gujarat
Source: GLDC
Maharashtra
Source: MSLDC
India – Grid Frequency Analysis
Wind scheduling with
Advanced Wind Forecasting and Energy Storage
9
1
68
135
202
269
336
403
470
537
604
671
738
805
872
939
1006
1073
1140
1207
1274
1341
1408
1475
1542
1609
1676
1743
1810
1877
1944
2011
2078
2145
2212
2279
2346
2413
2480
2547
MWs
15
14
13
60%
12
50%
40%
11
30%
10
20%
10%
2 Hour Event 2 Second Resolution
0%
State of Charge
Energy Storage for Wind Smoothing
Wind Farm Output With Firming
100%
90%
80%
70%
Solar PV – Storage Hybrid Solutions
Role of Energy Storage in Grid
Mapping Storage Technologies
Energy Storage Technology Landscape
• Pumped Hydro
• Compressed Air Energy Storage
– Dresser Rand, LightSail, SustainX
• Sodium based (NaS, NaNiCl , Na-Ion)
– NGK, GE, FIAMM, Aquion
• Flow Batteries (VRB/ZBB)
– Deeya, Gildemeister, UniEnergy, UTC, Prudent
– ZBB, Premium Power, Primus, RedFlow
• Flywheels
– Beacon, Temporal Power
• Li-Ion Batteries
– A123, Altairnano, Electrovaya, Enerdel, Microvast, Panasonic, Samsung,
SAFT, Toshiba,
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Price Trend for Capital cost
20
India Opportunities
India Opportunities
• India plans to integrate 50GW renewables (30 GW wind and 20 GW
Solar) between 2014-2020.
• Proposed ancillary service introduction by CERC could create a 3-4 GW
opportunity for frequency regulation by 2018
• 600,000 telecom towers – 70% + utilize DG for backup / primary source
have been mandated by regulators to reduce diesel consumption
• Over 100,000 Bank ATMs that need backup solutions
• India Plans to Install 26 Million Solar-powered Water Pumps (over 9
Million diesel powered water pumps in operation)
• Over 300 million people currently do not have access to grid electricity
and India’s National Mission for energy access aims to provide at least 8
hours of access by 2017
• India’s National Electric Mobility Mission aims to get 6 million EV / HEVs
(including 2 wheelers) on road by 2020
• Indian railways is 5th largest rail network with over 65,000 km of rail
network and is driving integration of energy storage for public
transportation systems
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India Energy Storage Alliance
 India Energy Storage Alliance was launched in
2012 to help technology and system
integration companies involved in energy
storage and microgrids to understand and
capture opportunities in thro growing market
 In 2013 launched IESA-Knowledge Partner
Network with a goal of addressing energy
storage applications in over 10 key sectors of
Indian economy
 For more details visit www.indiaesa.info
IESA KPN
Members
India Energy Storage Alliance
For more information
visit:
www.indiaesa.info
IESA Road Map 2014
1. Working with key stake holders and policy makers for developing national and
state level policies related to energy storage applications for energy access,
renewable integration, diesel replacement, ancillary services and electric
transportation.
 Collaborations with other trade groups such as INWEA and WTMA
 MERC Smart Grid Co-ordination Committee
 CEA – ISGF smart grid regional workshops for utilities and regulators
 MNRE – Energy Storage Standing Committee
 International collaboration through GESA initiatives and IRENA workshop
2. Developing a detailed reports & white papers
 Introduction of ancillary services in India and role of energy storage
technologies in improving grid reliability and power quality
 Series of market reports developed on energy storage potential for wind,
solar and telecom sector.
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IESA Road Map 2014
3. Undertaking research on mapping various storage technologies with high potential
applications in India such as renewable integration and diesel replacement.
4. Focusing on building international partnerships by bringing special IESA
delegations and hosting IESA Pavilions to showcase member companies at key
global events such as
 Energy Storage Europe – Dusseldorf, Germany (March 2014)
 ESA Annual Meeting - Washington DC, USA (June 2014)
 Energy Storage China (June 2014)
 Energy Storage North America (Sept 2014)
 Energy Storage Summit – Japan (November 2014)
 Energy Storage India – New Delhi (Dec 3-5, 2014)
5. IESA-ETN: Emerging Tech News Quarterly magazine
 Inaugural Earth Day issue Launched on Earth Day
 2nd issue to be launched at ESA Annual conference, June
26
www.esiexpo.in
Summary
 India presents large opportunities for renewable energy integration
as well as energy storage & microgrid technologies
 We need fundamental policy reforms as well as better
implementation mechanisms for existing policies to avoid
recurrence of such event in future
 Emerging technologies including advanced controls, energy storage
and Demand Response can provide the required technical solutions
for coping with similar challenges in new future.
 Need industry to come together to address policy barriers and
educate potential customers for enabling fast adoption of these
technologies.
 Need industry to get involved with IESA to achieve this change.
Contact US
Customized Energy Solutions Ltd.
1528 Walnut Street, 22nd Floor
Philadelphia, PA 19102 USA
Phone: +1-215-875-9440
Fax: +1-215-875-9490
info@ces-ltd.com
Dr. Rahul Walawalkar
Executive Director,
India Energy Storage Alliance
rahul@ces-ltd.com
US Cell: +1-516-639-5391
India Cell: +950-303-1765
Customized Energy Solutions India Pvt. Ltd.
A 501, GO Square
Aundh - Hinjewadi Link Rd, Wakad
Pune, Maharashtra 411057 India
Phone: 91-20-32407682
info@ces-ltd.com
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