Lloyd’s Register Energy - Drilling
Drilling Integrity Services
Alan Macfarlane
LRED Training Academy
Senior Trainer / Surveyor
October 2013
Integrating ModuSpec and WEST Engineering Services
to advance excellence in drilling safety, integrity and performance
Lloyd’s Register Energy - Drilling
Agenda
•
•
Hazardous areas
•
Why we need them
•
The gas we expect
•
Protection
Two protection types that are known to be abused
•
Exp Pressurisation
•
Exd Explosion Proof
•
Risk = Likelyhood x Severity?
•
Recap
•
The hidden danger and the unseen risk
Lloyd’s Register Energy - Drilling
Hazardous areas
Hazardous areas are those areas where there is a risk (continuous or
intermittent) of the presence of a flammable atmosphere arising from drilling or
well-testing operations.
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Hazardous areas
Why we need them
We drill for Hydrocarbons
We hope to find them
We are expecting them
Lloyd’s Register Energy - Drilling
Hazardous areas
Why we need them
We drill for Hydrocarbons
We hope to find them
We are expecting them
Where are they expected on the rig?
The mud circuit shows the flow
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Hazardous areas
Why we need them
TO PROTECT OUR ASSET
The asset has 4 components:
• The steelwork
• The people
• The peoples’ knowledge / experience
• The reputation
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Hazardous areas
The asset
The steelwork
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Hazardous areas
The asset
The people
Lloyd’s Register Energy - Drilling
Hazardous areas
The asset
The peoples’ knowledge
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Hazardous areas
The asset
The reputation
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Hazardous areas
The gas we expect
This table shows US gas composition
Natural gas is 90+% Methane
Lloyd’s Register Energy - Drilling
Hazardous areas:The gas we expect
With Natural gas being 90+% Methane.
The asset is designed to protect against Methane.
Drilling is lucky; we only have 1 flammable gas to consider.
Refineries and chemical plants need to consider the gas / flammable vapor and
then decide the equipment protection standard.
Drilling gas is Methane.
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Hazardous areas
“Oh they are North Sea Standards”
Methane burns in the North Sea
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Hazardous areas
Texas
Methane burns in Texas
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Hazardous areas
Yes:
Everywhere
In
The
World
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Hazardous areas
METHANE
BURNS AND EXPLODES,
AT THE SAME
TEMPERATURE AND MIXTURE
EVERYWHERE
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Hazardous areas
Protection
The Areas we need to Protection
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Hazardous areas
Protection
Remove the fuel?
Remove the heat?
Take away the oxygen?
Lloyd’s Register Energy - Drilling
Hazardous areas
Protection
• separate the flammable atmosphere from any hot surface
• reduce possibility of spark or heat
• contain any ignition of a flammable atmosphere inside the enclosure
• reduce power of the spark to a point it has insufficient power to ignite the
flammable atmosphere
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Hazardous areas
Protection
The methods available
Exd
Exe
Exp
Exi
Exq
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The hidden danger and the unseen risk
Concentrate on two
• Exd
• Exp
Why ?
Historically we see too many faults with these two
Lloyd’s Register Energy - Drilling
Two protection types
Exp - Pressurisation
The system is only safe once purged and remaining at a pressure above the
outside pressure.
An alarm needs to be fitted for loss of pressure.
Separate the gas from the hot components
Break the fire triangle by separation.
Lloyd’s Register Energy - Drilling
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3 months later
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Two protection types
Exd Explosion Proof
An Explosion IS Allowed INSIDE the
enclosure.
Maintained Flamepaths
All bolts secured
NO ignition OUTSIDE
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Two protection types
Exd Explosion Proof
Exd contains the explosion
A pipe flange contains the pressure
A pressure test on a pipe
A drip on a pipe is seen
Any comparison.
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Two protection types
Exd Explosion Proof
A Pipe flange
With a missing / loose bolt
A Problem?
No ?
Mud
Drip
Drip
Drip
It can be seen
Bucket
Lloyd’s Register Energy - Drilling
Two protection types
Exd Explosion Proof
A pipe flange contains the pressure
A Exd contains the explosion
A pressure test on a pipe
Check the flamepath and bolts
A drip on a pipe can be seen
Gas getting in unseen
AND
The equipment still working
Count the bolts
Count the bolts that are secure
It IS still working
Is it SAFE?
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Some time later
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Not a Cartoon!
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Cartoon?
NO
Reality?
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The hidden danger
The driller is a villain
Smoking on the floor!
The electrician is a Hero
For keeping the rig drilling, working fine
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Risk
Smoking is a flame
It can ignite gas only when
smoking is occurring
Time: Only when smoking.
Severity: 5
Likelihood: 1
RISK 5
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Risk
Electrical enclosure with
sparking /arcing devices
and no pressure protection
will ignite gas.
Time :Constantly
Severity 5
Likelihood 4
RISK 20
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The hidden danger
Is the Driller still a Villain?
By smoking on the floor!
Is the Electrician still a Hero?
For keeping the rig drilling working fine but in a dangerous way
•
24 hrs a day
•
7 days a week
•
52 Weeks a year
The classic 24-7 but unseen?
Lloyd’s Register Energy - Drilling
The hidden danger
The Pressure gauge
In full view of everyone.
Green is good
Red is danger
Now who do you point the finger at?
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Risk
Exd enclosure
Missing bolts and
damaged flamepath
Will ignite gas OUTSIDE.
It is still working
Time: Constantly
Severity: 5
Likelihood: 4
RISK 20
Lloyd’s Register Energy - Drilling
RISK
Your asset is protected?
The equipment we install is good quality!
The equipment is fully tested / certified!
The system is designed is by qualified people?
The installation is by highly trained and competent people?
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RISK
It should be remembered:
It is the engineer and the electrician who make things safe.
Not pieces of paper and certificates.
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The Hidden Danger
A short introduction to the hidden dangers of Ex equipment
What was first thought of as a major danger ?
What was thought to be safe?
Before I recap
Any questions?
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RECAP
Working is not the same as Safe
Exp needs to have the alarm tested and any pressure gauge visually checked
Exd needs all bolts in and secure.
Lack or poor maintenance will give a false sense of security
Ex equipment is Not Fit and forget
Lloyd’s Register Energy - Drilling
RECAP
Working is not the same as Safe
Maintenance personnel need training to keep YOUR asset Safe
Some of the Ex equipment gives you an impression of safety.
Thank you
Lloyd’s Register Energy - Drilling
Our mission
Lloyd’s Register is a global organisation with a mission to protect life and
property and advance transportation and engineering education and
research.
Our work helps to ensure that our clients’ assets and processes are safe,
responsible and sustainable. It touches many aspects of people’s daily lives,
from the ships sustaining world trade to the nuclear power plants generating
energy for homes and workplaces to the safety of the food they eat.
With our commitment to safety and innovation we will continue to play an
important role as the world adapts to meet tomorrow’s challenges.
This is the task of Lloyd’s Register … because life matters.
Lloyd’s Register Energy - Drilling
Our governance
• From 2 July 2012, new structure to improve our business performance and
increase our contribution to society
• New parent, Lloyd’s Register Foundation, a registered charity concerned with
safety of life and promoting education
• Lloyd’s Register Group Limited now heads operating group, 100% shares
owned by Lloyd’s Register Foundation
• No external shareholders / non-profit distributing
• Lloyd’s Register Foundation compliant with UK Charities Act
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The Group at a glance
• 7,900 employees at offices in 240 cities and towns covering all parts of the
world
• We celebrated our 250 year anniversary in 2010
• Four business divisions:
•
Marine
•
Energy
•
Transportation
•
Management Systems (LRQA)
• Three regions: Asia, EMEA (Europe, Middle East and Africa) and Americas
• 2011/12 turnover £893m (US$1.44bn)
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The Group at a glance: office locations
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Facts about us …
New Southampton
and Singapore Group
technology centres
will be cornerstones
of our global
research and
development network
Lloyd’s Register is
classing the world’s
largest LNG as fuel
application to date –
the 56,000 gt Viking
Grace
We class a
marketleading 45%
of the global
cruise fleet
56% reduction
in our lost time
incident
frequency rate
over three
years
80 percent of
the global
offshore rigs
have been
inspected by
ModuSpec
With new Group
member, WEST
Engineering Services,
we are the premier
independent risk
management
organisation
supporting the global
offshore drilling
industry
In 2011, we
verified over 153
million tonnes of
CO2 under the EU
Emissions
Trading Scheme
LRQA appointed chair
of the Independent
International
Organisation for
Certification (IIOC),
the global certification
trade body
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Structure
GROUP STRATEGY
Common t hemes:
Saf et y; risk; CSR; environment ; business assurance; sust ainabilit y; human f act ors, et c.
ENERGY
Oil & gas
upst ream
Pow er
generat ion
TRANSPORTATION
Drilling
M arine
Oil & gas
dow nst ream
M ANAGEM ENT SYSTEM S
Land
t ransport at ion
Port s
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Marine
Lloyd’s Register Energy - Drilling
Marine
We are dedicated to supporting innovation in shipping
We are a leading provider of marine classification services around the world,
helping to ensure that internationally recognised quality standards are
maintained throughout the life of a vessel from construction to decommissioning.
But we provide much more than traditional classification surveying services.
There is an increasing need for the provision of sophisticated risk management
and support to shipowners and ship managers. We provide management
systems, fuel oil quality testing, environmental services, vetting and training
products and services to support our marine clients.
Lloyd’s Register Energy - Drilling
Facts about Marine…
In 2011 we classed 413
new built vessels with a
total carrying capacity of
20,264,810 deadweight
tonnage and an overall
length of 65,643m
We class a
market-leading
45% of the global
cruise fleet
100 years ago the first
diesel-engine merchant
ship, the Selandia,
entered service. Today
we are researching the
new fuels of the future as
the shipping industry
looks to reduce
emissions and
environmental impact.
The phrase 'A1', which
has passed into
common usage meaning
'first rate - the very
best', originates from its
use as the highest
classification awarded to
ships by Lloyd's
Register.
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Energy
Lloyd’s Register Energy - Drilling
Energy
In a challenging business environment, safety, risk and technical
assurance is crucial
We are a leading independent provider of risk management services to the
energy sector and work to help improve our clients’ quality, safety, environmental
and business performance.
Our technical experts and risk engineers evaluate the integrity of plant and
processes, and focus on delivering practical advice. We give stakeholders
confidence they are effectively addressing today’s economic, legislative and
corporate responsibilities.
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Facts about Energy…
We are providing
competency
assessment projects for
Transocean’s entire
deepwater fleet of 67
rigs across the world
helping to ensure their
premier deepwater
offshore exploration is
safe and sustainable.
We have been working with
power plant operators and
upstream companies across
all steps of the Carbon,
Capture and Storage
process, advising
developers on safety, riskmitigation and asset-integrity
issues. Our aim is to provide
packaged support to
stakeholders on meeting
safety, quality and
environmental
requirements.
We are Asia’s premier
ASME Authorised
Inspection Agency
providing advisory and
inspection services to
manufacturers who need
to manufacture pressure
equipment locally or
globally to the American
Society of Mechanical
Engineers standards.
Scandpower completes
around 200 CFD
simulations of
fires/explosions every
day and around 1,000
safety studies every year
thus making the
workplaces safer for a
large number of
companies around the
world.
80 percent of the
global offshore rigs
have been
inspected by
ModuSpec to
increase client's
operational
performance and
safety of many
drilling operations
across the globe.
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Transportation
Lloyd’s Register Energy - Drilling
Transportation
Rail expertise you can trust
The work of our Transportation business is primarily focused on the rail industry
and in the provision of expert advice and assurance services aimed squarely at
improving the safety, quality and performance of rail systems across the world.
We support a wide range of organisations in this sector – operators,
manufacturers, maintenance companies, infrastructure managers, investors and
regulators – for whom shortfalls in quality can result in punishing financial and
reputational consequences, significant impacts on surrounding communities and
even risk to safety.
Lloyd’s Register Energy - Drilling
Facts about Transportation…
Gotcha – our trackside
monitoring system – has
been installed across the
Dutch rail network and has
helped both train operators
and track managers reduce
maintenance costs and
extend asset life cycles by
up to 25%
We are providing system
engineering services for
one of the largest rolling
stock manufacturers in
China, providing the
confidence required for
export to a range of
international markets
We provided the required
independent safety
assessment for the
detailed design,
construction and test
operations for the Dubai
Metro – the world’s
longest driverless metro
Our work with a leading
freight operator led to an
award winning design for
transporting biomass on
the UK rail network,
enabling our client to
grow from zero to moving
more than 500,000
tonnes of biomass in just
12 months
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Management Systems (LRQA)
Lloyd’s Register Energy - Drilling
Management Systems (LRQA)
Robust assessment helps deliver tangible business benefits
LRQA is the world’s leading provider of independent assessment services
including certification, validation, verification and training across a broad
spectrum of standards and schemes, with recognition from over 50 accreditation
bodies.
We introduced LRQA Business Assurance to the certification market in 2004.
This initiative had significant influence across the industry, extending the focus
beyond the certificate to an assessment approach linked to strategic objectives.
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Facts about Management Systems…
Dow Brasil relies on
LRQA Business
Assurance to ensure
the continual
improvement of their
internal processes
and systems, as well
to protect their
corporate
reputation.
In 2010, we
verified 150m
tonnes of carbon
under the EU
Emissions
Trading Scheme
(EUETS).
LRQA Business
Assurance has helped
DB Schenker
strengthen their supply
chain
security, safeguarding
the company's interests
Cargill sees LRQA
Business Assurance
as a trusted,
independent thirdparty that provides
confidence to
stakeholders that
Cargill is delivering
on their commitment
to the customer.
Over the past 12 years,
LRQA Business
Assurance has
delivered helped Tyco
Electronics improve
their overall
performance, reduce
their risk and
deliver measurable effi
ciencies throughout
their business.
Working together with
LRQA Business
Assurance, Bangkok
Industrial Gas has
increased customer
satisfaction scores to
well over 90%, while
reducing their
accident rate to 0%.
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Group companies and joint ventures
Joint ventures
Lloyd’s Register Energy - Drilling
Advancing public education and research
The objectives of Lloyd’s Register are to protect life and property and to advance
education and research in transport and engineering.
We do this by reinvesting our profits in charitable causes that support our
mission; in developing new products and services to benefit the sectors we
serve; and in public education, research and development.
Our intellectual capital – our highly qualified researchers and engineers – is
accessible to academics, students, regulators and professionals through
committees, conference papers, publications and research made available to
everyone.
The Lloyd’s Register Foundation is focused on fulfilling its public benefit role
including funding research, training and education programmes.
For more information, please contact:
Name Surname
Job title, Business unit
Lloyd’s Register Energy – Drilling
[Full company name]
71 Fenchurch Street
London, EC3M 4BS
T +44 (0)20 7423 xxxx
E name.surname@lr.org
w www.lr.org/marine
Integrating ModuSpec and WEST Engineering Services
to advance excellence in drilling safety, integrity and performance
Lloyd’s Register is a trading name of Lloyd’s Register Group Limited and its subsidiaries.