BR-10-1402 2014 ACLAM FORUM: Coeur d`Alene, Idaho

D I S A S T E R P L A N N I N G : B Y D E S I G N

2014 ACLAM FORUM: Coeur d’Alene, Idaho


PRESENTATION DISCLAIMERS:

There are NO silver bullets;

It is NOT rocket science;

Applies to new construction, renovations, and on-going operations

I am just an architect !!!



Learning objectives:

Good design can greatly reduce man-made disasters;

Identifying and eliminating “Single-points-of-failure” is critical to disaster planning;

Operations and maintenance play key roles in preventing man-made disasters


What we think of as

Disasters!!


History does Repeat Itself!!!



Why is the basement so popular?

Out of site; out of mind

Perceived safety

No windows; least desirable location

Lower costs



DISASTER

“any natural or manmade incident, including terrorism, which results in extraordinary levels of mass casualties (humans and/or animals ), damage or disruption , severely affecting the population, infrastructure, environment, economy, national morale and/or government functions.” FEMA


Natural disasters make big headlines; but, what are the more likely EVENTS:

• Facility failures

• Operational failures

• Personnel failures


MOLD DAMAGE BROKEN PIPES FAILED INFRASTRUCTURE

BROKEN PIPES

Regularly Occuring Disasters

FAILED HVAC SYSTEMS


“SINGLE POINT OF FAILURE”

Every system WILL fail, count on it!

Plan, design, engineer, educate and train to eliminate or provide redundancy for every critical system. Eliminate, or plan for, every possible “single point of failure”.



Identify all Critical systems:

• Life safety

• Animal health & safety

• Research integrity



• Site

• Building

• MEP Systems

• Operations

• Personnel



Site selection:

• Flood plain, earthquake zone: Know what you are getting into, and plan accordingly;

• Utility services: Redundant electrical service; reliable, campus provided utilities; waste & trash services

•

Security: Limit public access; supports controlled entries; access to public safety; coordinate with ALL first responders;

• Access: good service access; safe for staff and users; eliminate potential blockages;

• Expansion capabilities: design to support strategic plans, plan for the future needs.



Facility planning:

•

Plan to minimize cross-contamination and disease spreading, thru circulation patterns and clean/dirty separation;

• Use flow diagrams of all critical operations to identify single points of failure.



Facility planning:

• Adaptable plans for animal holding rooms & procedure rooms; eliminate one of a kind critical spaces;

•

Create directional air-flow map for all critical spaces; provide for adaptability;

• Caging systems are often first line of defense; selection is critical and should be done early in the process;

• Plan for maintenance, or it won’t happen. Allow for periodic

(PLANNED) shut-downs.


L E V E L S O F P R O T E C T I O N

The Cage: IVC vs Static

The animal holding room: Controlled air pressure

The suite: Floor isolation




MEP Systems:

• To be discussed in separate presentation, but pay attention, it is really important!!!



OPERATIONS

Equipment: Careful selection is required

• Cage/rack washer: most flexible

• Tunnel washer: high thru-put



OPERATIONS

Equipment:

• Autoclave: High maintenance

• Auto-water system: Bottles, pouches, (is potable OK)

• Bedding supply & disposal: Options

• Surgery/procedure: Emergency



OPERATIONS

Equipment:

• Need redundancy

• Buy quality

• Minimize complexities

• Spare parts (long lead items, critical components)

• Perform maintenance (service agreements)

• Cross-train staff


STAFF

LOBBY/MAIN ENTRY

MAIN LOCKERS

PRIMATE LOCKERS

PHARMACY

RABBIT HOLDING

PRIMATE HOLDING

RODENT HOLDING

PRIMATE CAGEWASH

CONVENTIONAL

LOADING DOCK

REPRODUCTIVE TOXICOLOGY

LABORATORIES

CANINE HOLDING

CONVENTIONAL CAGE WASH

MECHANICAL


L E V E L S O F

P R O T E C T I O N

Clean and dirty separation

Animal and personnel separation

Suite design



LARGE RODENT FACILITY

Design Strategies:

• Suite design

• Redundant cage processing equipment

• Secured location

• Emergency power



SURGICAL SUITE

Design Strategies:

• Suite design (2 room design)

• Redundant surgical equipment

• Secured location

• Emergency power

• Cross-trained staff



LARGE RODENT BARRIER

FACILITY

Design Strategies:

• Suite design

• Dedicated procedure rooms

• Elevated above flood plain

• Emergency power

• Clean/dirty corridors

• Dedicated elevator system



LARGE RODENT BARRIER

FACILITY

Design Strategies:

• Dedicated procedure rooms (2 per AHR)

• Supports PI and animal care staff simultaneously

• 3 Biological safety cabinets/2 Cage Change

Stations



Design Strategies:

• Adaptable room design; supports multiple species;

• Positive or negative air flow;

• Individual cage environment

• Emergency powered equipment

• Maintained spare parts



SECURITY SYSTEMS

SECURITY: Its all about your

RISKS

Access Control

CCTV

Recognition/Bio-Metrics

Intruder Detection

Systems Protection

Fire Alarm Systems

Blast Resistant Construction


PROJECT

REQUIREMENTS

1%

SITEWORK

7%

JOBSITE

MANAGEMENT

8%

DEMOLITION

0%

ELECTRICAL

10%

MECHANICAL

33%

FIRE

PROTECTION

1%

FOUNDATIONS

1%

SUBSTRUCTURE

1%

SUPERSTRUCTU

RE

8%

DEMOLITION

SITEWORK

FOUNDATIONS

SUBSTRUCTURE

SUPERSTRUCTURE

EXTERIOR SKIN

5%

EXTERIOR SKIN

ROOFING

ROOFING

1%

INTERIOR

CONSTRUCTION

11%

INTERIOR

CONSTRUCTION

CONVEYING

0%

PLUMBING/PRO

CESS PIPING

9%

SPECIAL

CONSTRUCTION

4%

“YOU GET WHAT

YOU PAY FOR”

Know what systems should costs, so you can compare

YOUR project and understand the financial priorities;

Value engineering is usually neither, be careful.



DEFERRED MAINTENANCE


Vivarium maintenance costs:

$400 to $600 per square foot to construct:

“YOU GET WHAT

YOU PAY FOR”

Securing O & M funds is crucial;

1% to 2% annual maintenance costs: Simplify when possible;

$4 to $12 per square foot per year Establish and follow priorities, it is easy to get off track.



People and Operations:

• Cross train staff; all jobs are critical

• Train other staff to cover in an emergency

•

Train animal care staff in basic building systems management

• Take time with new hires; triple check references

• Plan for disease management/isolation/treatment

• Enforce discipline



Why are we having these issues NOW!

• Aging infrastructure

• Reduced O & M budgets

• Reduced research funding at all levels

• Shifting priorities


“YOU GET WHAT

YOU PAY FOR”

O & M COST MANAGEMENT:

Document your costs;

Support negotiating for higher ICR rate for animal research;

Take charge, Institutional support is waning.


A New Challenge:

OR THE NEXT GREAT DISASTER

NhRP : “legal personhood” of research animals


Toxicology robot

OUR FUTURE?

Replace animals with technology


SO WHAT’S IT REALLY TAKE?

A PLAN; APPLIED WITH:

COMMON SENSE

HARD WORK

AND A BIT OF LUCK



IT’S WHAT I DO

“His calling is as old as time. It is, will be and was.

Through blizzards, bogs and bob wire fence

He stands against the pestilence

And though he feigns indifference, he’s proud of what he does.”

Baxter Black: Cowboy DVM


D I S C U S S I O N


BR-10-1402 2014 ACLAM FORUM: Coeur d`Alene, Idaho

DISASTER

Natural disasters make big headlines; but, what are the more likely EVENTS:

• Facility failures

• Operational failures

• Personnel failures

DEFERRED MAINTENANCE

A New Challenge:

OR THE NEXT GREAT DISASTER

OUR FUTURE?

SO WHAT’S IT REALLY TAKE?

A PLAN; APPLIED WITH:

COMMON SENSE

HARD WORK

AND A BIT OF LUCK

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BR-10-1402 2014 ACLAM FORUM: Coeur d`Alene, Idaho

DISASTER

Natural disasters make big headlines; but, what are the more likely EVENTS:

• Facility failures

• Operational failures

• Personnel failures

DEFERRED MAINTENANCE

A New Challenge:

OR THE NEXT GREAT DISASTER

OUR FUTURE?

SO WHAT’S IT REALLY TAKE?

A PLAN; APPLIED WITH:

COMMON SENSE

HARD WORK

AND A BIT OF LUCK

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