KARNATAKA FIRE AND EMERGENCY SERVICES WELCOME PROGRAMME ON FIRE SAFETY MEASURES IN SCHOOLS Presented By:YUNUS ALI KAUSER Regional Fire Officer Mysore Range, Saraswathipuram Mysore-570009. FIRE SAFETY JOINT EFFORT AND JOINT RESPONSIBILITY FIRE / HEAT IS ESSENTIAL FOR SURVIVAL COMFORT DEVELOPMENT PROSPERITY “FIRE IS ADORABLE” CONSEQUENCES OF FIRE LOSS OF LIFE LOSS OF PROPERTY } TWO MOST PRECIOUS THINGS OF HUMAN BEING UNEMPLOYMENT LOSS OF BOOKS OF ACCOUNTS & RECORDS LOSS OF SKILLED WORKERS SHORTAGE OF COMMODITIES PRICE INCREASE INFLATION LOSS OF G.D.P. NATIONAL LOSS EVERYONE MUST KNOW 1 WHAT IS FIRE ? 2 METHODS OF EXTINCTION OF FIRE 3 CATEGORIES OF FIRE 4 PORTABLE FIRE EXTINGUISHERS 5 COMMON CAUSES OF FIRE AND PREVENTIVE MEASURES 6 WHAT TO DO IN CASE OF FIRE ? 7 HOW TO CALL FIRE BRIGADE ? 8 WHAT TO DO WHEN FIRE BRIGADE ARRIVES ? PREVENTION OF FIRE IS ESSENTIAL. FIRE SAFETY IS MUST. 1. WHAT IS FIRE? FUEL + HEAT + OXYGEN FIRE TRIANGLE 1(A).PRODUCTS OF FIRE & THEIR EFFECTS Smoke Poor Visibility Asphyxiation, Death Panic, Stampede, Death Prevents Escape. Fire Gases (CO, HCl, HCN, CO2 etc.) Toxic and Explosive Gases Explosions and Fire Spread Abnormal Respiration Asphyxiation Panic, Stampede, Death Heat Radiation Fire Spread Prevents Escape Burns and Scalds Damage to Lungs & Respiratory System Jumping to Escape, Injuries/Death Flame Fire Spread Burns / Death 2. METHODS OF EXTINCTION A PROCESS OF ELIMINATION STARVATION Removal of FUEL from burning substance COOLING FIRE OXYGEN Removal of HEAT from burning substance FIRE FIRE FIRE SMOTHERING OXYGEN Cutting away supply of OXYGEN to the burning SMOTHERING fuel or reducing the percentage of oxygen. 3.CATEGORIES OF FIRE CLASS COMBUSTABLE MATERIAL A Paper, Wood, Cloth etc. B Oil, Paint, Chemical, Wax etc. C D LPG, Acetylene, Hydrogen Methane, Natural gas etc. Magnesium, Sodium, Uranium, Thorium etc. 4. PORTABLE FIRE EXTINGUISHERS TYPE EXTINGUISHING MEDIUM WATER WATER (CO2 PRESSURE) 4. PORTABLE FIRE EXTINGUISHERS TYPE EXTINGUISHING MEDIUM FOAM FOAM 4. PORTABLE FIRE EXTINGUISHERS TYPE EXTINGUISHING MEDIUM DRY CHEMICAL POWDER ABC Powder 4. PORTABLE FIRE EXTINGUISHERS TYPE EXTINGUISHING MEDIUM CARBON DIOXIDE GAS Carbon Dioxide (co2) Categories of Fire & Methods and Media Of Extinction Material Class Method Paper, wood, cloth, etc. A Cooling & Smothering Media FIRE Water Sand / water ABC Powder Categories of Fire & Methods and Media Of Extinction Material Class Method Oils, paints, solvents,wax, etc. B Smothering Media FIRE Foam CO2 Sand Dry Chemical Powder Categories of Fire & Methods and Media Of Extinction Material Class Method L.P.G., Acetylene, Natural gases, etc. C Starvation & Smothering Media CO2 Dry Chemical Powder Categories of Fire & Methods and Media Of Extinction Material Class Magnesium, Sodium,uranium, Thorium,etc. D Method Smothering Media FIRE Sand Dry Chemical Powder FIRE SAFETY IN SCHOOLS The fire safety will start from the construction level. By keeping all fire precautionary measures school building should be construction. Because the school building comes under group “B” in National Building Code. That is educational buildings used for school, college and other training institutions for day care purposes involving assembly for instruction, education. WHAT ARE THE CARE TO BE TAKEN DURING CONSTRUCTION The abutting road should be wide enough. Surrounding the building there should be enough space (set back) for easy movement of fire vehicles. There should be two gates one for entry and another for exit, preferably 6.00 mtrs. The doors for the class room should open outwards. WHAT ARE THE CARE TO BE TAKEN DURING CONSTRUCTION If there is corridor, it should be shown in the arrow marks where is exit, if possible illuminated. If floors were constructed width of the stair case must be 1.5 mtrs. and two in numbers. One for entry another for exit. The open space (set back) around the building should be free of obstacles. The corridor also free of obstacles. There should be sufficient water storage. WHAT ARE THE CARE SHOULD BE TAKEN DURING CONSTRUCTION First aid fire extinguishers should be installed in respective places. Frequently mock drills or evacuation drills conducted in order to prepare the students / staffs to face the un towards incident such as fire or building collapse, earthquakes etc. REQUIREMENT OF SET BACKS FOR DIFFERENT BUILDING HEIGHTS Sl. No. Height of Building in mtrs. Side and Rear Open Spaces to be Left Around Building in mtrs. i) 10 3 ii) 15 5 iii) 18 6 iv) 21 7 v) 24 8 vi) 27 9 vii) 30 10 viii) 35 11 ix) 40 12 x) 45 13 xi) 50 14 xii) 55 and above 16 MOCK DRILL IN SCHOOL CONTAINS FOLLOWING TEAMS. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. School Fire Management Committee (SFMC) Awareness Campaign Team Fire Alarming Team Evacuation Team Search and Rescue Team Fire Fighting Team First Aid Team Site Safety Team Transport Management Team Media Management Team MOCK DRILL PROCEDURE IN THE SCHOOL School Management in forming the following teams in the selected schools and briefing them about their key roles and responsibilities. 1. School Fire Management Committee (SFMC) Composition of team:This Committee must include the Chairperson, Principal /In-charge, Vice Principal, Head Master/ress, Administrator, 2 teachers (1 male and 1 female) and the Students representative Male and Female, 2 Parent-Teacher Association Member, if any (1male & 1 female) KEY ROLES:A. Help the school in preparing SFMC. B. Co-ordinate with other teams for mock drills. C. Mobilize relief and external support in emergency. D. Liaison with media and other Govt/NGOs for disaster management. 2. Awareness Campaign Team Composition of each team :The team may include 5-6 teachers as per the strength of the school and 2 senior students from each section from 8th to 12th Standard. KEY ROLES :A. B. C. Conduct awareness activities systematically in schools. Develop creative material and activities like picture, poster, slogan, essays, pamphlets, simple tips on do’s and dont’s etc. Organize regular activity and exercise for all staff/teachers and students. 3. Fire Alarming Team Composition of each team :The team may include 5-6 teachers as per the strength of the school and 2 senior students from each section from 8th to 12th Standard. KEY ROLES :A. B. C. D. Team to alert whole school for safe exit in case of emergency. Should regularly practice the warning science. Should regularly monitor and update on hazards which school can face. Should maintain the school emergency operation control room and contact with fire services. 4. Evacuation Team Composition of each team :The team may include 5-6 teachers as per the strength of the school and 2 senior students from each section from 8th to 12th Standard (Preferably from NCC/Scouts & Guides) KEY ROLES :A. B. C. Should be informed regarding all the exits in the school and check up the exits roots clear of any obstacles. Evacuate all in an orderly manner and practice the drill regularly. Take roll call and report to SFMC and search and rescue team. 5. Search and Rescue Team Composition of each team :The team may include 5-6 teachers as per the strength of the school and 2 senior students from each section from 8th to 12th Standard (Preferably from NCC/Scouts & Guides) KEY ROLES :A. B. Should collect the details on the number of students/staffs/teachers/employees present in the school during drill/incident. If any one missing team should quickly facilitate in order to search and safety rescue by physically, visually and vocally checking every room and carrying the victim to the first aid team. 6. Fire Fighting Team Composition of each team :The team may include 5-6 teachers as per the strength of the school and 2 senior students from each section from 8th to 12th Standard (Preferably from NCC/Scouts & Guides) KEY ROLES :A. B. C. D. Should use the existing fire fighting system/extinguishers available in the school. Should confirm existence of fire and control it if possible. Ensure that electric main switches are turned off. Control the fire till the arrival of fire service. 7. First Aid Team Composition of each team :The team may include School/Govt. Doctor, Nurse, 4 teachers and 2 senior students from each section from 8th to 12th Standard (Preferably from NCC/Scouts & Guides) KEY ROLES :A. B. C. Should maintain first aid control room in the school. Should administer first aid and record all cases and treatments during incident. Refer near medical facility center/hospital. 8. Site Safety Team Composition of each team :The team may include Senior Security Officer of the school, 2 Peons, 2 teachers and 2 senior students from each section from 8th to 12th Standard (Preferably from NCC/Scouts & Guides) KEY ROLES :A. B. C. Lock all external gates and doors and secured the entire building premises. Allow only emergency support functionaries into the building and facilitate them to reach the spot. Release the staffs/teachers and students according to pre planned policy. 9. Transport Management Team Composition of each team :The team may include Transportation/Vehicle Co-ordinator of the School, the administrator, 2 teachers and 2 senior students from each section from 8th to 12th Standard. KEY ROLES :A. B. All the students/staffs and teachers should be given emergency cards with identical numbers for their buses/vehicles. Assist SFMC in arranging communication systems including buses, ambulances and other vehicles to carry victims/injured to medical centers. 10. Media Management Team Composition of each team :The team may include Vice-Principal, Head Master/ress or any Senior Staff of the School. KEY ROLES :A. B. C. Should always consult the SFMC before briefing the media on any matter. Always remember only one member from the team would brief the media. Should be in constant contact with local media for promoting fire safety awareness in print as well as electronic media time to time. 6. WHAT TO DO IN CASE OF FIRE DO NOT RUN DO NOT WASTE TIME FOR COLLECTING VALUABLES DO NOT PANIC INFORM FIRE AND EMERGENCY ABOUT FIRE ALERT NEIGHBOURS IF POSSIBLE, USE FIRE EXTINGUISHER DO NOT TAKE SHELTER IN TOILET SHUT ALL THE DOORS BEHIND YOU LIFT DO NOT USE LIFT TO ESCAPE MAKE EXIT TO GROUND LEVEL INSTEAD OF TERRACE USE NEAREST MEANS OF ESCAPE AND THE STAIRECASE AVAILABLE IF TRAPPED OR STRANDED STAY CLOSE TO THE FLOOR LEVEL IF TRAPPED OR STRANDED COVER THE GAPS OF THE DOOR BY BLANKET OR BY RUG OR ANY OTHER PIECE OF CLOTH AVAILABLE DO NOT JUMP OUT OF THE BUILDING. SIGNAL OR SHOUT FOR HELP IF CLOTHES ON FIRE DO NOT RUN STOP, DROP & ROLL ON THE GROUND AND COVER WITH BLANKET POUR WATER ON THE BODY GIVE FIRST-AID AND SEND TO HOSPITAL 7. HOW TO CALL FIRE SERVICE 1. 101 or 0821-2540970 and 0821-2540116. Control Room Duty officer receives your call. 2. Give him detailed Address nature of Incident and Telephone No. from which you are calling. 3. Keep down the receiver and wait. Control Room will call back to verify the call. 4. Wait for the Fire Engine, co-operate with Firemen. REMEMBER 101 FIRE SAFETY JOINT EFFORT AND JOINT RESPONSIBILITY “ WE SERVE TO SAVE ”