Teenage Pregnancy:
Everybody’s business!
Ann Eriksen – Executive Lead Sexual Health & Blood Borne Virus
NHS Tayside
Teenage Pregnancy: everybody’s business!
Teenage pregnancy: A complex issue associated with a large range of risk factors…
Looked after children/young
people leaving care
Behavioural
Problems
Disengagement
from school/poor
attendance
Emotional
well-being
Poor educational
attainment
Social
deprivation
Sexual abuse in
childhood
Lack of confidence in
resisting pressure to
have sex
Mental health
problems
Low aspirations
Low self-esteem
Cultural influence
Peer influence
Ethnicity
Parental
influence
Alcohol/substance
misuse
Teenage
Mother
Fear of
parents/carers
finding out
Lack of confidence
in mainstream
health services
Parents and professionals lack
confidence to discuss sex and
relationship issues with young
people
Teenage
Pregnancy
More likely
to have sex
early
Poor and inconsistent
contraceptive use among young
people
Lack of easy
access to
contraception
Young people lack skills and
confidence to make and
carry through positive
choices
Less likely to use
contraception
Poor knowledge and skills
among young people in
relation to sex,
relationships and sexual
health risks
Low knowledge levels among
boys and young men
Dundee City: First time teenage mothers - analyses of SNS data
2006-2008
Intermediate Geography
S02000226 Whitfield
S02000211 Hilltown
S02000218 Douglas East
S02000222 Douglas West
S02000221 Linlathen and Midcraigie
S02000214 Lochee
S02000228 Kirkton
S02000229 Fintry
S02000227 Downfield
S02000223 Caird Park
S02000216 Charleston
S02000225 Ardler and St Marys
S02000205 Menzieshill
S02000201 City Centre
S02000209 Law
S02000208 Stobswell
S02000217 The Glens
S02000219 Fairmuir
S02000207 Craigie and Craigiebank
S02000206 Broughty Ferry Wes
S02000204 Balgay
S02000199 Perth Road
S02000202 Logie and Blackness
S02000224 West Pitkerro
S02000203 Docks and Wellgate
S02000200 Westend
S02000212 Barnhill
S02000220 Western Edge
S02000215 Baxter Park
S02000210 West Ferry
S02000213 Broughty Ferry East
First time mothers <20 : 2006-2008
% first time mothers <20 : 2006-2008
52
31
27
31
38
31
27
31
14
19
27
28
24
19
13
23
12
10
7
7
*
6
9
9
6
*
*
*
*
*
*
34.4
30.7
30.7
26.5
26.2
25.2
24.5
22.3
21.5
21.3
21.1
20.6
20.3
19.6
18.3
15.6
14.1
13.7
9.6
9.3
8.7
8.3
8.3
6.9
6.3
6.1
4.3
3.7
1.6
0
0
Source: SNS <20 births by IG, Identifier: IDHS-fbirth19 * Indicates values that have been suppressed due to the potential risk of disclosure and to help maintain patient confidentiality.
First time mums aged 19 and under
0%
100%
© Crown Copyright. All rights reserved [2011]
Percentage first time mothers aged 19 and under: 2006-2008
Geographical distribution by Dundee datazone
Source: SNS <20 births by datazone
Identifier: IDHS-fbirth19
First time mums aged 19 and under
Average First-time <20 mums per 1000 16-19 female population*
100
90
80
70
60
Sources: SNS
Identifiers :
<20 births by datazone IDHS-fbirth19
<16-19 female population - IDGR-sapefem1619
SIMD deciles by datazone - IDCS-decsimd1
See SNS website for notes on data
50
40
30
20
10
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
SIMD Decile
Average (2006-2008) annual number of first time mothers aged 19 and under: rate per 1,000
female 16-19 population by SIMD Decile
(*Population: mid-2008 estimate, SIMD 2009)
Why it matters
Although teenage pregnancy can be a positive experience, it is strongly associated with a wide range of
subsequent adverse health and social outcomes.
•
Teenage pregnancy severely limits young women’s education and career prospects
•
Teenage mothers are:
– less likely to finish their education
– more likely to bring their child up alone and in poverty
– 3 times more likely to smoke during pregnancy
– 50% less likely to breastfeed
– have 3 times the rate of post natal depression of older mothers
– have a higher risk of poor mental health for 3 years after the birth
•
Children of teenage mothers are:
– more likely to experience diminished life chances
– generally at increased risk of poverty in adulthood
– generally at increased risk of low educational attainment
– generally at increased risk of poor health
– more likely to have lower rates of economic activity in adult life
– 3 times more likely to become a teenage parent themselves
•
Rates of teenage pregnancy are highest among deprived communities: the most deprived groups have 10
times the rate of delivery as the least deprived.
The poorer outcomes also mean that the effects of deprivation are passed on from one generation to the next,
so it is an important issue to address as part of the wider aim to tackle inequalities and give children and young
people the best start in life.
“Reducing Teenage Pregnancy in Tayside” Driver Diagram
AIM Statement
Primary Drivers
Secondary Drivers
* All pregnant women under 20 identified and offered intensive ante-natal support
Early Childhood Experience &
Development.
Reduce pregnancy in
in the under 20s in the
most deprived
communities by 15%
by 2013
Increase expectations & aspirations
and build social capital of young
people
Reduce pregnancy in
under 16s by 20% by
2013
Young people make informed
decisions about their sexual health
Reduce pregnancy in
the under 20s in
deprived communities
by 25% by 2017
Reduce by 50%
pregnancies among
under 18s looked
after/young people
leaving care by 2020
Young people focussed
contraceptive and sexual health
services
Competent Workforce
and during first 3 yrs of infancy
* Parenting skills programmes
* Intensive pre-school support for vulnerable children
* Support for young men to continue parenting involvement and support for
couples
* Improve relevance and enjoyment of school
* Improve educational attainment
* Youth development programmes that aim to promote self-esteem, positive
aspirations and a sense of purpose through vocational, educational, volunteering
& life skills
* Volunteering and befriending & peer led opportunities
* Well resourced Youth Services with a clear remit to address teenage pregnancy
•Work with parents through parenting programmes to encourage better
communication about relationships, sexual health & aspirations
•Promote community resilience and co-production of community led
(collaborative) social marketing
* High quality consistent sexual health & relationships education (SRE) that
encourages young people to delay sexual activity
* Tailored SRE for most at risk groups delivered in a range of settings
* Skills based programmes
* Easy access to information and support
* Health drop-ins available in all secondary schools
* Young people involved in informing what & how information/education is
delivered
* Dedicated young people services in or within walking distance of all secondary
schools offering advice, free condoms, pregnancy testing & Chlamydia testing
* Young people are confident to use services
* Well publicised services
* Emergency Hormonal Contraception widely available & accessible TOP
* Young people involved in planning, implementation and services so that it meets
their needs
•Competent & confident workforce skilled in supporting young people to delay sex
•Training for Health care professionals, teachers, health visitors, social care &
youth workers
•Delivered by competent workforce
Strong commitment of all partner
agencies
* Relevant data & health intelligence
•Collaboration of effort embedded in community planning
•Multi-agency self-assessment
First time mums aged 19 and under
100
Sources: SNS
Identifiers :
<20 births by datazone IDHS-fbirth19
SIMD deciles by datazone - IDCS-decsimd1
See SNS website for notes on data
90
<20 1st time mothers (%)
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
SIMD rank
Percentage of first time mothers aged 19 and under against SIMD 2009 Rank