12nth Annual Adult Educators Conference on May 6th Starting, Strengthening, and Maintaining Comprehensive Student Assistance Programs (SAP) Equal Access to Prevention Starting, Strengthening, and Maintaining Comprehensive Student Assistance Programs • STARTING: By listening to and using student/family strengths to meet their needs, SAP helps students own their education. Owners are careful with their time and effort; when one student benefits, they often want other students to have access to the same support. • STRENGTHENING: Comprehensive SAP programs can be organized in ways that every student receives something, vulnerable students receive more, and students at high risk receive individualized services. • MAINTAINING: This workshop shares successful prevention models (even in tough fiscal times) that sustain because students/families own their SAP. Jan Ryan, CARS Consultant 1. Owners and Renters 2. IOM Prevention Categories 3. SAP Models 2 For more TA and Training: Call Phone: 1-877-568-4227 Jan Ryan: 760.333.6102 Jblakeryan@aol.com Starting an SAP Owners and Renters: start with the end in mind Jan Ryan, CARS Consultant 5 Fragmented and Marginalized Programs/Services Psychological Testing After-School Programs Clinic HIV/Aids Prevention Health Services Special Education Violence & Crime Prevention Physical Education Pupil Services Juvenile Court Services Health Education Nutrition Education School Lunch Program School Drug Prevention Community-Based Organizations Counseling Drug Services Mental Health Services HIV/AIDS Services Social Services Pregnancy Prevention Child Protective Services Codes of Discipline Smoking Cessation For Staff Adapted from: Health is Academic: A guide to Coordinated School Health Programs (1998). Jan Ryan, CARSTeachers Consultant Edited by E. Marx & S.F. Wooley with D. Northrop. New York: College Press. 6 SAP = introduction to support SAP-Coordinated Prevention is an ambassador for mental health at school, home, communitywide • • • • Welcomes Educates Links to other services Creates expectations Jan Ryan, CARS Consultant 7 Inside the Numbers • ~25% of 7th graders and 21% of 9th grade students have been in a physical fight one or more times within the past 12 months. • ~33% of high school students report that they have been so sad and hopeless almost every day for two weeks that they stopped doing some usual activities. Jan Ryan, CARS Consultant 8 Inside the Numbers • Research has shown that about ~11% of children live with a parent who is in need of treatment for drugs or alcohol dependency. • Alcohol and drug abusing parents are 3x more likely to abuse their children and 4x more likely to neglect them. Jan Ryan, CARS Consultant 9 Definition of SAP “A Student Assistance Program is a comprehensive school-based program for students (K-12) designed to identify issues which prevent students from learning and being successful in school. SAP provide education, prevention, early identification, intervention, referral and support groups.” (Help is Down the Hall by Jim Crowley) Jan Ryan, CARS Consultant 10 SAP is available in many districts • Local Educational Agency Plans – Goal 4: 353 of 1300 indicated that they planned to use a Student Assistance Program as a research based strategy for prevention/intervention in AOD use. • 423 of 858 LEAs reporting indicated that they had a “systematic program of identification and intervention with students showing signs of problems with substances and/or violence.” Source: Safe and Healthy Kids Annual Report 2004-05 Jan Ryan, CARS Consultant 11 Referral Sources • • • • Teacher Referral 41% Self-Referral 29% Counselor Referral 23% Parent Referral 7% Jan Ryan, CARS Consultant 12 Survey of SAP shows Issues do California High School SAPs Address: • Alcohol and Other Drug Use (92%) • Mental Health Issues (92%) • Academic Performance (92%) • Violence/Bullying (89%) • Attendance (86%) Source: High Risk Users Report Jan Ryan, CARS Consultant 13 Reducing abuse may significantly improve the learning environment for all students 9% of 9th-graders, identified as high risk users of AOD are responsible for: • 21% of school fighting, • 24%-27% of school vandalism, D/F’s, and chronic truancy (once a month or more), • 34% of weapons possession. 18% of 9th-graders, identified as high risk users of AOD are responsible for: • About 30% of fighting and vandalism. • About 40% of chronic truancy, D/F’s, and weapons possession. Jan Ryan, CARS Consultant 14 AOD as a “calling card” High Rate Underage Users are more likely to also exhibit problem behaviors in the areas of: • ATTENDANCE • ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT • DISCIPLINE/BEHAVIOR • MENTAL HEALTH Jan Ryan, CARS Consultant 15 Strengthening an SAP If you hear the answer “no”, then you called the wrong office. Prevention for all, some, and one student/family at a time Jan Ryan, CARS Consultant 17 Continuum of Care Protractor With respect to substance abuse, prevention can be concretely defined as all services provided prior to a specific diagnosis of abuse or dependence – treatment comes after. Jan Ryan, CARS Consultant 18 IOM Prevention Services Populations: Quick Look and WHY IOM MATTERS Type of Prevention Definition Universal General population Selected people who are selected because they have increased risk for developing a problem. people who have some sign or symptom of an impending problem, though not yet to a level that requires treatment. Indicated Jan Ryan, CARS Consultant 19 The Standard 6 CSAP Prevention Strategies • 1. Information Dissemination • 2. Prevention Education • 3. Alternative Activities • 4. Community-Based Processes • 5. Environmental Approaches • 6. Problem Identification and Referral Center for Substance Abuse Prevention, 1993. Prevention Primer Jan Ryan, CARS Consultant 20 CSAP Six Strategy Definition Examples Information Dissemination One way Brochure Health faire Education Two way Curriculum Alternatives Activity Peer Programs Community-based Processes Collaboration Coalitions Setting, Conditions Problem ID and Referral Jan Ryan, CARSIndividual Consultant Environmental Policy, Laws, Access 1X1 Help 21 Connecting the Tools • One Dart board: Continuum of Services - the Big Picture • Three Circles: IOM prevention populations: universal, selected and indicated • Six Darts: Six Prevention Strategies: Alternatives, Environmental, Information Dissemination, Education, Community-based Processes, Problem Identification and Referral • Many Scores and Systems: Cal OMS Prevention, Evaluation of County, School, Grant Programs Jan Ryan, CARS Consultant 22 Resilience and Assets = School Connectedness • Caring Relationships – supportive connections with others who serve as pro-social models and support healthy development. • High Expectations – direct and indirect messages that students can and will succeed. • Opportunities for Meaningful Involvement relevant, engaging, and interesting activities. including opportunities for responsibility and contribution. Jan Ryan, CARS Consultant 23 IOM and SAP Components Comprehensive SAP = Evidence-based Process • Universal – – – – – – School Board Policy Staff Development Integration with Other School-based Programs Cooperation and Collaboration Communitywide Classroom Curriculum and School-wide Events Crisis Team Response • Selected – Educational Student Support Groups – Parenting Workshops • Indicated – Internal Referral Process and Services – Individualized Family Conferences and Family Action Planning – Suicide Prevention and Jan Intervention Ryan, CARS Consultant 24 Underage Binge Drinking Sample IOM Population Strategy Practice/Process Universal Information Dissemination Posters educating youth on definition and impact of binge drinking for males and females Universal Environmental Youth Development through FNL: campaign to discontinue alcohol advertising at local sporting events Selected Prevention Education School-based support groups for Children/Youth impacted by ATOD Selected Alternatives FNL activities before and after sporting events, New Years Indicated Problem ID and Student Assistance Programs Referral Jan Ryan, CARS Consultant Screening/Brief Intervention 25 Preventing Violence Sample IOM Population Strategy Practice/Process Universal Information Dissemination Posters educating youth on school policy and availability of support Universal Environmental Youth Development through Peer Education and Helping Programs: Conflict Mediators Selected Prevention Education Alternatives School-based support groups and activities for Children/Youth impacted by violence or needing educational intervention Indicated Problem ID and Referral Victims of bullying receive individualized support Indicated Problem ID Jan and SAP Screening Brief Intervention with26 Ryan, CARS Consultant Referral suspended youth Exit Test Support Sample IOM Population Strategy Practice/Process Universal Information Dissemination Availability of tests and support Universal Environmental Creating a social norm that supports passing for all students Selected Prevention Education Specialized education for students struggling with writing or math Selected Alternatives Incentives for coming to after-school and summer programs Indicated Problem ID and Referral SAP Screening/Brief Intervention to identify and remove barriers to learning Jan Ryan, CARS Consultant 27 Slow down to go fast. Jan Ryan, CARS Consultant 28 Indicated Prevention for individuals Prevention the size of one Jan Ryan, CARS Consultant 29 Indicated Prevention Linkages Needs Services Of school, community Available in schools, communities Internal Student/Family Strengths, Assets,JanNeeds, Resources Ryan, CARS Consultant 30 Basic SAP Process Concern Identified Referral ???? Plan STUDENT Strengths Needs Resources FAMILY Strengths Needs Resources SCHOOL Services Jan Ryan, CARS Consultant COMMUNITY Services COUNTY STATE COUNTRY WORLD 31 Peers and Family Concern Identified Referral Engage with the Individual Student Individualized Service using Peer Support Invite Family Participation and Partnership Plan is based on self determination with support from every system Plan STUDENT Strengths Needs Resources FAMILY Strengths Needs Resources SCHOOL Services Jan Ryan, CARS Consultant COMMUNITY Services COUNTY STATE COUNTRY WORLD 32 On a scale of 0 to 10, how important is it for you to change ____________________? 0 _________________________10 • Answer is: 5 • Why are you at a 5 and not 0? The answer to that question is their reason for change. Jan Ryan, CARS Consultant 33 Appreciative Inquiry Jan Ryan, CARS Consultant 34 Jan Ryan, CARS Consultant 35 Maintaining SAP Relationships last longer than the money. SAP Design • SAP provides an “umbrella” of prevention, identification, screening, intervention and support strategies within a school, often in collaboration with a community support network. Three Structures: • External • Internal • Combination Jan Ryan, CARS Consultant 37 Continuum of Collaboration What does it take to be on the team? One school District -wide CBO Agency Networking with other systems Jan Ryan, CARS Consultant Cooperating between systems Empowering students & parents as full partners 38 Sustainable Designs • Internal: – San Juan School District, Sacramento – Poway School District, Southern California • External: – Watsonville: Linda Perez • Combination: – Desert Sands Unified School District – Murrieta Unified School District Jan Ryan, CARS Consultant 39 Funding: Today and Tomorrow Jan Ryan, CARS Consultant 40 Stages of Collaboration School staff view prevention program as another pressure to their day Competition Initiating Prevention program presented in classroom by prevention staff with school staff observation or assistance Networking/ Cooperation Nurturing School staff trained in prevention program School staff implements program Continuous dialogue and support between school and prevention staff Cooperation/ Coordination Alliance built between school and prevention Staff School begins to see prevention program as integral part of school Coalition Sustaining Collaboration/ Partnership Prevention services considered part of school’s LEAP, mission, or strategy plan Staff informed, aware, and supportive of services School assists in securing funds for prevention services Jan Ryan, CARS Consultant 41 Jan Ryan, CARS Consultant 42 Listening = TA on Demand • • • • • Listening to our “consumers” Linking with families, friends Looking for talent among our peers Letting our imagination lead the way Laying it on the line: ways to say what is real and still keep your job • Letting other people know - you know you don’t know and are open to learning Jan Ryan, CARS Consultant 43 For more TA and Training: Call Phone: 1-877-568-4227 Jan Ryan: 760.333.6102 Jblakeryan@aol.com