Effective Environmental Strategies
for the Prevention of Alcohol Abuse
amond Adolescents in Europe
An overview of AAA-prevent
Underage drinking worldwide problem
Traffic crashes, risky driving behaviour
Intended and unintended injuries
Precursive to violence
Associated with problem behaviours
Affects brain development
Associated with alcohol related disorders later
Europe
Highest alcohol consumption among youngsters
Especially in western and eastern Europe
Divergent picture of prevalence rates
Problematic alcohol drinking is increasing
Initiation age is lowering
Number of girls involved in heavy drinking is
increasing
Preventive possibilities
Understanding patterns of alcohol use
Related to the country where you grow up
Related to risk factors which are associated with
alcohol use
Sample
ISRD-sample (2006; see Junger-Tas et al., 2009,
2011)
57.771 youngsters
25 European countries
Age 12-16 years
Abstinence
Last month life time beer
Last month and life time spirits
Binge drinking beer
Binge drinking spirits
Europe and country
Theory
Family
Strong relation on adolescents use of alcohol
both on how much and on how often
Family structure and family control/bonding
protect
Family affluence as well as negative life
events lead to more use
Alcohol use and Family Risk Factors (AOR)
School
Strong effect on alcohol use
Important setting to influence adolescent
alcohol use
School disorganization and social bonding
show strong effects
Alcohol use and School Risk factors (AOR)
Peer
Inportant domain when relation with family
becomes less and with friends stronger
We find here the strongest relation
Delinquent friends or deviant behaviour
Alcohol use and Peer Risk factors (AOR)
Individu
Low self-control and Attitudes towards
violence are related to alcohol use
Important factors for preventive action
Alcohol use and Individual Risk Factors (AOR)
Community/Neighbourhood
Bonding to neighbourhood decrease alcohol
use of adolescents
Adolescents who live in disorganized
neighbourhood use more alcohol
Alcohol use and Neighbourhood Risk Factors
(AOR)
Multilevel analysis
Influence of country on alcohol use
Combination of individual variables and
country variables
Analyzing patterns of use
ICC
Alcohol life time prevalence 14%
Alcohol last month prevalence 9%
Drunkeness 10%
Binge drinking 10%
Multilevel class analyse as an example
Alcohol use ever
Alcohol use last month
Drunkeness
Binge drinking
Abstainers
Latent classes traditional
Abstainers (37,1%)
Moderate drinkers (39,6%)
Heavy drinkers (23,3%)
Latent classes of countries
LOW drinking countries (n=12.879; N=7: BosniaHerz., Cyprus, France, Iceland, Norway, Portugal,
Spain).
low drinking countries (n=16.179; N=6: Armenia,
Belgium, Italy, Russia, Slovenia, Sweden)
heavy drinking countries (n=17.865; N=8: Austria,
Denmark, Finland, Germany, Ireland, Netherlands,
Poland, Estonia)
HEAVY drinking countries (n=10.101; N=4: Czech
Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Lithunia)
Multilevel classes
HEAVY
heavy
LOW
Low
Total
Abstainers
16,40
(1657/2,9)
32,21
(5754/10,1)
58,77
(7686/17,4)
30,1
(6157/10,8)
37,14%
(21,254)
(Moderate drinkers
52,97
(5351/ 9,3)
39,05
(6976/12,2)
29,52
(3861/6,7)
44,26
(7166/12,5)
40,81%
(23,354)
Heavy drinkers
30,62
(3093/ 5,4)
28,74
(5135/8,9)
11,71
(1532/2,7)
17,65
(2856, 5)
22,05%
(12,616)
Total
10,101
17,865
12,879
16,179
57,224
Multilevel analysis of prevention
Family
School
Peers
Individu
Neighbourhood
Country
Effective programs
Target
Group
Age
Risk Factor
Method
Literature
Organisation
Evaluation
Thanks!
Harrie Jonkman
HJonkman@Verwey-Jonker.nl
Majone Steketee
MSteketee@Verwey-Jonker.nl