Studies on Sludge Management
in Bangladesh Textile Sector
A report submitted to the department
of textile engineering
southeast university
Submitted by:
Md.sazzad hossain
ID: 2009200400077
Sumit Das
ID: 2009200400059
Supervisor:
Dr.Arun Kanti Guha
Assistant Professor,
Department of Textile Engineering
Southeast University
Dhaka
Acknowledgement
All the praises are for the almighty, Allah who bestowed us with the
ability and potential to complete this Internship.
We are highly delighted to express our regards & gratitude to
honorable Professor supervising teacher Dr. Arun Kanti Guha
for providing us the chance to complete our Project.
I also want to express my gratitude to Prof. Syed Fakhrul Hassan,
dean (acting)school of science & engineering and chairman,
department of textile engineering.
we would like to acknowledge our deep debt to all teachers of our
university & particularly of Wet Processing Department for their
kind inspiration & help, which remain as the backdrop of all our
efforts.
Abstract
• Textile mill being largest industry in Bangladesh faces
problem of sludge disposal. In this study attempt is
made to reuse textile mill sludge on plant as a
fertilizer.
Introduction
• The ready-made garment sector has become one of
the largest manufacturing sectors in Bangladesh with
approximately 4490 apparel manufacturing units.
• A semi-automated composite textile industry of 10 tons
capacity produces 1250 m3 of effluent each daywhich
are being directly discharged into the surrounding
channel, agricultural fields, irrigation channels, surface
water
• For this, nearly 30 numbers of villages at Gazipur and
a large number of people living near the D.N.D
Embankment area are now being threatened due to
the environmental degradation.
• So here we try to find a Suitable to manage the sludge
for saving environment.
Aim of the present work
• The main objective of this investigation is to
study the feasibility of reuse of textile mill
sludge can be used as fertilization to minimize
the costing.
• Very few research work is done on it so we try
to establish a suitable way for managing waste
sludge.
• Reused the sludge to make it benefited for the
organization
Textile sludge generation and
source
• The main cause of generation of this sludge is the
use of huge volume of water either in the actual
chemical processing or during re-processing in
preparatory, dyeing, printing and finishing.
• In fact, in a practical estimate, it has been found that
45% material in preparatory processing, 33% in dyeing
and 22% are re-processed in finishing.
• But where is the real problem? The fact is that the
sludge generated in different steps is well beyond the
standard and thus it is highly polluted and dangerous.
This is demonstrated in following table.
Properties of Waste Water & sludge from Textile
Chemical Processing
Treatment Methods
Effluent can be treated in a number of different
ways depending on the level of treatment
required. These levels are known as
•
•
•
•
Preliminary (Physical)
Primary (Physical and chemical)
Secondary (Biological and chemical) and
tertiary (or advanced or Physical, chemical
and biological.)
Effluent Treatment Plant Used
In Bangladesh
• Biological Treatment :
The basic units needed for biological
treatment are: screening; an equalization unit;
a pH control unit; an aeration unit; and a
settling unit. A sludge dewatering unit may
also be included. Biological treatment plants
require the presence of microorganisms that
are adapted to degrade the components of the
effluent to be treated.
Typical Flow Diagram of a Biological
Treatment Plant
Influent
Screening
unit
Equilisation unit
pH control unit
Influent
Treated
effluent
Sedimentation unit
Aeration unit**
Sludge recycle
Liquid
overflow
sludge
Sludge Thickening
unit
Sludge dewatering
unit
*sludge
Liquid overflow
Liquid overflow
Sludge
disposal
Physico-chemical Treatment
• The basic units needed for a stand-alone
physico-chemical treatment plant are
screening, an equalization unit, a pH
control unit, chemical storage tanks, a
mixing unit, a flocculation unit, a settling
unit and a sludge dewatering unit.
Typical Flow Diagram of a Physicochemical Treatmen
Influent
Screening
unit
Equilisation unit
coagulation
unit
pH control unit
Treated
effluent
Liquid
overflow
Sedimentation unit
Aeration unit**
sludge
Sludge Thickening
unit
Sludge dewatering
unit
*sludge
Liquid overflow
Liquid overflow
Sludge
disposal
Bio-chemical Treatment
• The basic units needed for a physicochemical and biological treatment plant
are screening, an equalization unit, a pH
control unit, chemical storage tanks,
mixing units, flocculation units, a primary
settling unit, an aeration unit, and a
secondary settling unit .
Typical Flow Diagram of a Bio-chemical
Treatment Plant
influent
Screening
unit
Equilization
unit
coagulation
unit
pH control unit
Aeration unit**
*recycle
Sedimentation unit
Primary
sedimentation
Flocculation unit
sludge
Sludge Thickening
unit
Sludge dewatering
unit
Sludge
disposal
Liquid overflow
Liquid
overflow
Treated
effluent
Case Study
• knit concern group
Capacity: 3000 m3 /day
Cost: 30000 tk/day
Total space: 22000 sq. feet
Ecotex flow rate: 125 cubic meter per hour
Sludge : 650 kg per day
Sludge Management: Wet Land Filling.
Photos of Bio-chemical ETP in
knit concern
ECHOTEX LTD
Capacity: 3600 m3 /day
Cost: 35000 tk/day
Total space: 25000 sq. feet
Ecotex flow rate : 150 cubic meter per hour
Sludge : 700 kg per day
Sludge Management: Wet Land Filling.
Photos of Bio-chemical ETP in ECHOTEX LTD.
Microfibre Group
Capacity: 2500 m3 /day
Cost: 30000 tk/day
Total space: 22000 sq. feet
Ecotex flow rate: 110 cubic meter per hour
Sludge : 10-15kg per day
Sludge Management: Seles to Fertilizer Company.
Photography of Biological Microfibre Group
Material
• Plants:
– Joba
– Tagar
– Gandharaj
– Rain Tree
– Mahogany
• Sludge
Result & Discucassion
• Photo Of Plants before Appling Sludge
JOBA
TAGAR
GANDHARAJ
RAINTREE
Mahogany
Photo Just After Use Sludge As Fertilizer
(25.7.13)
Photos On 2.8.13
Photos On 9.9.13
Comparison the change
TAGAR
Initial Condition
1 Week Later
1 Month Later
JOBA
Initial Condition
1 Week Later
1 Month Later
GANDHARAJ
Initial Condition
1 Week Later
1 Month Late
MAHOGANY
Initial condition
1 Week Later
1 Month Late
RAINTREE
Initial condition
1 Week Later
1 Month Later
• From the above picture we can say that sludge have
some good impact to grow up this plant. We may take
decision that sludge can be used as fertilizer also.
Here we apply sludge into non crop plants. We use
only Flower and Forest plants so there will no bad
effect on human bodies because none of parts of the
plants is used as food or else for human body. Now
we can take decision that may use the sludge as a
fertilizer for non crop plants. Farther research may
done on crop plants and determine the food Toxicity
after implementation sludge on crop plant.
Conclusion
• Solid waste management is a very serious problem in
both human settlements and industrial establishments.
In such circumstances, management of sludge in
textile industry has now become a burning issue due
to its surplus volume and undesired characteristics.
The main objective of this research work was to study
the suitability of utilizing sludge as a fertilizer. We
found very good visual effect of using sludge as
fertilization in rain tree and jasmine. As we treated
sludge effect on fertilization on non crop plants heavy
metal and toxicity transfer rate may not create any
harmful effect on human body. The question remains
how much heavy metal and toxicity transfer to the
trees and how much heavy metal contents in the
sludge?
Thank You