中国给水排水2013年中国城镇污泥处理处置技术与应用
高级研讨会（第四届）
Introduction to Veolia’s Advanced Sludge
Treatment Process Introduction
威立雅的污泥处理技术介绍
Dr. Xiaohua Chen / 陈晓华博士
VWS（Beijing）Co., Ltd.
威立雅水务工程（北京）有限公司
Shanghai, 11 May 2013
Contents 介绍提纲
1. Sludge digestion 污泥消化
 Thermal Hydrolysis and Digestion - Pathway Towards WWTP’s Energy Self
Sufficiency
通过污泥热水解和消化实现污水处理厂能源自给

Co-digestion, a new way of WWTPs’ energy recovery
污水处理厂能源回用的新途径 – 污水厂污泥与生物质联合
厌氧消化
2. Incineration 污泥焚烧
3. Wet Oxidation 湿式氧化
4. From wastewater treatment to resources recovery
从污水处理中回收资源
 Bioplastic CELLATM 生物塑料
 Struvite recovery鸟粪石
5. A possible future plant 未来污水处理厂构想
1
Sludge digestion 污泥消化
Pathway to energy neutral plant
污水处理厂能量自给路径
1.1
Sludge digestion 污泥消化
Thermal Hydrolysis and Digestion - Pathway Towards
WWTP’s Energy Self Sufficiency
通过污泥热水解和消化实现污水处理厂能源自给
Biothelys® concept / Biothelys® 概念介绍
Biothelys® combines 2 stages of treatment
Biothelys® 工艺由两阶段组成：
A stage of Thermal Hydrolysis called “THELYS”
热水解阶段，被称为”THELYS”
•
•
On dewatered sludge / 脱水污泥
Objective: improvement of sludge biodegradability
目标：改善污泥的可生物降解性
A stage of Biological Treatment (“Bio”)
生物处理阶段（被称为“Bio”）
•
•
•
Mesophilic Anaerobic Digestion / 中温厌氧消化
High loaded / 高负荷
Objective: reduction of DS (VM) by biological activity
目标：通过生物降解减少污泥中的活性物质
DLD™ Configuration DLD工艺
Digestion – Lysis – Digestion 消化 – 水解 – 消化
• Patent filed the 6th of March 2009 2009年3月6日取得专利权
Sludge treatment with EXELYSTM DLD
应用EXELYSTM DLD 技术的污泥处理技术路线
Mixed Sludge
Electricity
+30%
High performance
cogeneration
Digester 1
Digester 2
EXELYSTM
Dewatering
Water
Digested Sludge
消化污泥
Return liquids
-35%
Biological activity生物活性+Thermal Hydrolysis热水解 =
Volatile Matter reduction up to 65% 有机物去除率高达65%
Electricity needs covered > 60 %
电能回收可覆盖60%
… from city to nature 从城市到自然
法国Lille Marquette污泥热水解项目案例
Case Study: DLD project in Lille Marquette, France
Nov, 12-13, 2011 - THE 7thINTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENVIRONMENTAL ANAEROBIC TECHNOLOGIES AND BIOENERGY
Sludge treatment (60 ton dry sludge/d)
污泥处理 (60 吨干泥/天)
Primary and
biologique sludge
初沉和生物污泥
Rain sludge
雨水污泥
Thickening
污泥浓缩
Digestion
污泥消化
Dewatering
脱水
Dewatering
脱水
Thermal
Hydrolyses
热水解
turbo
Digestion
涡轮消化
Dewatering
脱水
Dryer
污泥干化
Storage
干泥储存
Outlet
外运
Lime
石灰投加
Outlet
外运
Nov, 12-13, 2011 - THE 7thINTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENVIRONMENTAL ANAEROBIC TECHNOLOGIES AND BIOENERGY
Sludge treatment (60 ton dry sludge/d)
污泥处理 (60 吨干泥/天)
Biological sludge
生物污泥
Thickening
浓缩
Gravity thickening
重力浓缩
Primary sludge
初沉污泥
Rain sludge
雨水污泥
Dynamical thickening
机械浓缩
Digestion
污泥消化
DLD – EXELYSTM
热水解
Dewatering
污泥脱水
Dewatering
污泥脱水
Thermal hydrolises
热水解
Lime
石灰投加
Digestion
消化
Storage
污泥储存
Dewatering
污泥脱水
Dewatering
脱水
Dryer
污泥干化
Storage
污泥储存
Outlet
污泥外运
Nov, 12-13, 2011 - THE 7thINTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENVIRONMENTAL ANAEROBIC TECHNOLOGIES AND BIOENERGY
Energy production 产能过程
4 214 000 kWh/an
Cogé
热电联产
EXELYS
热水解
Biogaz
沼气
Electricity
电能
Heat production
余热
Dryer
干化
natural gas
天然气
500 000 to 600 000 €/year
Nov, 12-13, 2011 - THE 7thINTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENVIRONMENTAL ANAEROBIC TECHNOLOGIES AND BIOENERGY
1.2
Sludge digestion 污泥消化
Co-digestion, a new way of WWTPs’ energy recovery
污水处理厂能源回用的新途径 – 污水厂污泥与生物
质联合厌氧消化
Scheme of Co-digestion with combined heat and power
联合消化热电联产技术路线
燃气管网
生物能源
有机废物
污泥
电
热
Biogas production can be significantly increased by co-digestion,
digestion of sludge together with organic waste such as grease,
agri-food waste, kitchen waste, or other organic liquid or solid waste. 联合消化可以
大大提高沼气的产量，在污泥消化的同时加入有机废物，如油脂、农业-食品废
物、厨房垃圾、有机液体和固体废物等。
13
Which substrates? 何种底物
•
Any organic industrial solid or semisolid by-products or waste
especially from F&B industry such as slaughterhouses, diaries,
vegetables producers etc.任何一种有机工业固体或者半固体副
产物或者从食品工业，例如：屠宰业、零售业、蔬菜加工业
产生的固体废物。
Energy crops 庄稼
Farm sludge (pig manure) 农场污泥，例如猪粪
OFMSW 市政有机固体废物
Kitchen waste, restaurants and markets waste 餐
厨垃圾、市场垃圾
Normally it is about a mixture
of all these 通常情况下，是
以上所有种类的混合物
13/04/2015
14
Biomet® Co-digestion process
Biomet® 联合消化工艺
Biogas
Biomass
Hydrolysis
Digestion
生物质
水解
消化
沼气
Digestate消化液
 Rate-limiting step of
anaerobic digestion
(Eastman and Ferguson, 1981)
消化的限速步骤
 Improvement of this phase for
an improvement in the whole
process !
(Burak et al. 2005)
higher stability 更
高的稳定性
better performances
achievement 更好的
性能
改善了这一步骤，相当于改善了整个工艺
BIOMET® consists of the introduction of a hydrolysis step upstream of the digestion step. The
hydrolysis step offers enzymatic reactions that produce soluble substances and during acidogenic
phase favour growth of different groups of bacteria that promote the production of fatty acids, a
necessary step for methane development. Biomet 工艺在消化之前引入了水解工艺。水解工艺
实现了酶催化反应的溶解性底物，产生了有利于产酸相多种菌群生长，进而推动了脂肪酸
的产生，这是产甲烷的一个关键步骤。
15
South Budapest WWTP’s Co-digestion
南布达佩斯污水厂联合消化
-Water treatment capacity
水厂规模: 60 000 – 80 000
m3/d
-Co-waste有机废物量: 100
000 t/y
-Digesters消化池: 4x2600
M3 mesophilic中温,
1x2000 M3 thermophlic高
温
-Biogaz production产气量:
600 000 – 700 000
m3/month
-Installed power装机功率:
500 kW + 836 kW
South Budapest WWTP’s Co-digestion
南布达佩斯污水厂联合消化
Sludge treatment scheme污泥处理工艺:
Bio-wastes
生物固体
Thickened
sludge 浓缩
污泥
Pasteurized
grease油脂
Thermophilic
digestion
digestion高温
厌氧消化
Mesophilic
digestion中温
厌氧消化
Dewatering脱水
Evacuation in
composts堆肥
South Budapest WWTP’s Co-digestion
南布达佩斯污水厂的联合消化工艺
Delivery of bio-wastes 生物质废物的运输:
Truck delivery 卡车卸货
In bulk 成批
South Budapest WWTP’s Co-digestion
南布达佩斯污水厂联合消化
Pre-treatment预处理: Solid restaurant wastes 固体厨余垃圾
Solid wastes 固体废物(餐厨垃圾restaurant wastes,…)
Physical treatment: 物理处理：分离
Separation & filtration 和过滤
预处理机机
Grease 油脂
Thermal treatment
高温处理
South Budapest WWTP’s Co-digestion
南布达佩斯污水厂的联合消化工艺
沼气
产电
Electricity self efficiency能源自给率: 80%
Braunschweig WWTP, Germany, 275 000 PE
德国布伦瑞克污水厂
Sewage flow 污水流量: 52,000 m3/day
发电量
联合消化，再生油脂
热电联产
消化产沼气
布伦瑞克污水厂
附近填埋地点沼气产量
绿色垃圾发酵产甲烷
污泥消化 55ºC
The waste water treatment plant is currently 100% autonomous in electricity
thanks to biogas to energy recovery on site
and installation of highly efficient CHP engines.归功于绿色能源回收和高效
沼气发电机用于热电联产，污水厂实现了用电的100%自给自足。
Case study with BIOMET® process Conserve Italia
意大利罐头加工厂
Location坐落: Pomposa, Italy 意大利2010
Field: Vegetable cannery industry
领域：蔬菜罐头厂
Power发电: 1000 kW el.
Feed, codigestion联合消化:
- 12700 t/y fruit and vegetable byproducts水果和蔬菜副产品 (18% ST, 90% SV/SV)
- 13700 t/y ensiled corn 青稞玉米粒(35% ST, 95% SV/SV)
- 10300 t/y WWTP sludge 污水厂剩余污泥(14.6% ST, 56% SV/SV)
Process工艺: hydrolisys水解, digestion消化, liquid digestate WWTP上清液回流; solid digestate
drying固体消化产物干化
Mix混合: 10% ST in Hydrolisys reactor
Hydrolisys水解: 1 x 1500 m3 – Thermofilic高温 55°C
Digestion消化: 2 x 3400 m3 - Thermofilic高温 55°C
13/04/2015
22
2
Sludge incineration 污泥焚烧
香港污泥焚烧项目
Hongkong Sludge Incineration Project
设计参数 Design Parameters:
• 处理量：2000 ton 湿泥/d
• Treatment capacity: 2,000 ton
wet sludge /d
• 含固率：> 30%
• Water content : > 30%
• VSS: > 60%
处理工艺：直接焚烧
Treatment process: direct
incineration
香港污泥焚烧项目
Hongkong Sludge Incineration Project
海域
紧凑的设计 / Compact
紧凑的技术和设计使公共区域的面积最大化
Compact technologies & design maximise public area
EEC为2倍的投标面积，地面通道的绿化率达70%，生态区域面积达到1200m2
EEC is 2x Tender area, 70% green ratio mainly accessible at ground level, Eco-habitat area of
1,200 m2
3
Wet Oxidation 湿式氧化
ATHOS™ : principle schematic 湿式氧化原理
Event
 Operating conditions 运行条件
240°C度, 50 bar, pure纯 O2
perfectly mixed reactor完全混合
反应器
- power电能 = 70 kWh/tDS
- oxygen氧气量 = 800 Nm3/tDS
- soda 碱 and copper 铜
 Typical performance 代表性性能:
- COD removal 去除: 80%
- N removal with catalyst:70%,
氮用催化去除
otherwise 其他：30%
Catalytic
reactor
Oxygen
Oxydizing
reactor
Thickened
sludge
High
pressure
pump
supernatant
to headwork
heating
Cooling
settler
Silt to
dewatering
55% DS
ADVANCED TREATMENT先进处理:thermal hydrolysis 热水解(THELYS) +
turbo digestion 消化+ ATHOS
BRUSSELS NORTH布鲁塞尔北边 : 1,1 M inh.eq 72 600 kg DS/d
THELYS: prior to digestion前面是消化
thermal Hydrolysis热水解
Hydrolysis
浓缩污泥

No flue gas!
没有废气！
沼气
Biogas
输往蒸气锅炉
To steam
boiler
T=165 T=100 °c
180 °c
p=
3 bars
p= 10 bars
Thickened
sludge
消化污泥输往
Digested
Sludge
To ATHOS
离心脱水
Centrifugation
Centrifugation
1515-16% TS
Pulper
Flash - tank
浆化罐
闪蒸罐
Steam
steam 蒸气
Hot
water
热水
Turbo digestion 涡轮消化器
Final residue
最终剩余物:
Very low amount!
很少！
4
From wastewater treatment to
resources recovery
从污水处理中回收资源
4.1
From wastewater treatment to
resources recovery
从污水处理中回收资源
Bioplastic CELLATM 生物塑料
How can we produce PHA
我们怎样能生产PHA
A well known process 一个著名的工艺:
• Fundamental principle of Bio P removal
Intracellular inclusions 细胞内含物 of
PHA : Poly-Hydroxy-Alcanoates 聚羟基脂肪酸酯
• Use of natural hability of some bacteria to store polymers 利用细菌的自然
特性存储聚合物
•  less O2 consummed, less sludge and in fine possibility to recover a
polymer which is a base product for biodegradable plastic production
氧气消耗小，污泥量少，可以回收用于生产生物可降解塑料的聚合物。
3
Main steps in the wastewater to PHA process
从污水处理中提取PHA工艺的主要步骤
4 mains steps 四个主要步骤:
• 1) selection of the right biomass (PAM = Polymer Accumulating Bacteria‘s) called
enrichment step 筛选适合的微生物PAM，也称为富集步骤
• 2) production of the carbon source for the production of PHA (VFA) called
fermentation step 生产制造PHA需要的碳源挥发酸，也称为发酵步骤
• 3) accumulation of PHA in the biomass and conditioning of the semi-product 在生
物质中富集PHA，生产半成品
• 4) final refining of the semi-product to obtain “pure” PHA resin and further
compounding to obtain a plastic according to end-user specifications 最终精炼半成
品，获得纯的PHA，最终根据用户的需求生产塑料
3
Brussels prototypes布鲁塞尔构想
OSTARA
A prototype aimed at the optimization of the process
line and evaluation of polymer quality 构想的目的在于优化
工艺路线和提升聚合物质量
3
Brussels prototypes布鲁塞尔构想
4 pilots installed on site 四个中试装置
3
4.2
From wastewater treatment to
resources recovery
从污水处理中回收资源
Struvite 鸟粪石
What is struvite 鸟粪石是什么?
Struvite is a cristal also named MAP (1/1/1) :
Magnésium Ammonium Phosphate,
NH4MgPO4,6(H2O)
Struvite is a fertilizer (5%N, 28%P2O5)
鸟粪石是一种肥料
6-9 months release in soil 在土壤中6-9个月缓释
Spontaneous struvite precipitation
Controled struvite precipitation
3
Package solution for large plants : OSTARA
大厂的解决方案： OSTARA
MgCl2 +
eventually
NaOH
Draining on sieve 筛选
Drying 干化
Storage 储存
Classification 分 Big bag conditionning
类
3
5. 未来污水处理厂构想
加药+滤布滤池
短程除氮
水厂精确控制
滤布滤池三级处理
热水解
发电并网
发酵VFA提取
短程除氮
消化
鸟粪石制作
焚烧，磷提取
生物塑料制作
3
THANKS！
谢谢！