Transforming Mumbai into a World Class City
Resettlement & Rehabilitation Of Urban Poor
Dr. T. Chandrashekhar
Addl. Metropolitan Commissioner,
Mumbai Metropolitan Region Development Authority
Mumbai’s Vision
“Transforming Mumbai into a world class city
with a vibrant economy and globally
comparable quality of life.”
Importance Of Mumbai
Commercial and financial capital of India
Generates 5% of India’s GDP
Contributes over 1/3rd of India’s tax revenues
The two ports in Mumbai handle 1/3rd of the country’s
total foreign trade
Shares about 38% and 26% of international and
domestic air traffic respectively
Contributes over Rs. 40,000 crore p.a. as taxes to
Central Government
A very high rate of migration to Mumbai for employment
MUMBAI contributes more than RS. 40,000
Crore annually to GoI
Rs. thousand Crore p.a.
55
13
42
25
9
8
Customs
Excise InCen- State Total
come tral
Less than 1% of revenue
generated in Mumbai
ploughed back into city
Mumbai showing visible signs of decline
Engine of economic growth of country is losing out to
other cities.
Overburdened Transport System
Proliferation of slums especially in
sites reserved for essential
infrastructure
Declining industrial and economic
activities
Encroachments surrounding the
Airport leading to safety and security
concerns
Lack of affordable housing
15 Largest cities in the world, 2000-15
0
5,000,000
10,000,000
15,000,000
20,000,000
25,000,000
30,000,000
Tokyo
Mumbai
Dhaka
São Paulo
Delhi
Mexico City
New York
Calcutta
Karachi
Lagos
Los Angeles
Shanghai
Metro Manila
Beijing
Cairo
2015
2000
Population explosion adding pressure on
existing infrastructure
Suburbs
115.00
88.00
Population in Lakhs
67.50
49.60
Island
city
35.00
38.99
33.26
32.85
31.74
30.90
28.00
14.00
1961
1971
1981
1991
2001
2011
Year
Ever increasing vehicular growth choking
the road corridors
No. of vehicles registered in lacs
16.00
10.30
6.23
3.09
1.52
Mumbai - Mahim Junction
0.61
1961 1971
1981 1991 2001 2011E
Year
Government of Maharashtra Initiatives
Formation of Task Force
Preparation of Vision Mumbai Report
Development of long term strategy
covering
Strategic Planning & Financing
Economic Growth
Physical Infrastructure
Housing
Social Infrastructure
Governance
Formation of Citizens Action Group
Involvement of NGOs, Eminent Citizens,
Industrialists
3 Key areas for Mumbai’s transformation
Metro Rail
MUTP I & II
MUIP
Western Freeway
Mumbai Trans-Harbour Link
1
Transport
infrastructure
Civic
infrastructure
Housing
Towards
Slum Development
a world-class
Resettlement &
Mumbai
Rehabilitation of Slums
Economic
Growth
2nd international airport
Augmentation of water
supply
Upgradation of drainage
systems
National Status to KEM
Hospital
Resettlement and Rehabilitation
Present Scenario of Housing
55% live in slums and 65 lakhs people
do not have permanent shelter
(Approximately 3000 Slums pockets)
Slums and Encroachments affecting
vital public projects
12 lakhs houses needed to provide
shelter to slum dwellers
Land has become scarce. Vast tracts of lands are locked up
due to CRZ regulations and salt pan leases.
Thousands of buildings are in dilapidated conditions
endangering the lives of lakhs of people
Infrastructure projects undertaken by GoM
To improve the transport infrastructure including rail, road and
public transportation the GoI, GoM & MMRDA have undertaken
Mumbai Urban Transport Project
Mumbai Urban Infrastructure Project
Metro Rail
Western Freeway
Eastern Freeway
Mumbai Trans Harbor Link
Slums affected by Vital Infrastructure Projects
Implementation of MUTP and MUIP requires shifting of
58000 slum dwelling families comprising of about
3,50,000 population in the right of way of roads and
safety margins on the rail corridors
About 23,000 slum dwelling families are affected by
MUTP
About 35,000 slum dwelling families are affected by
MUIP
More than 80,000 slums surround the Airport require
immediate rehabilitation
Resettlement & Rehabilitation
23000 PAHs (Road - 6972, Rail – 15,857) Project Affected
Households (110,000 persons) to be resettled under MUTP
Another 35000 PAHs to be resettled under MUIP
80000 PAHs to be resettled under Airport Slum Rehabilitation
Resettlement Townships
MMRDA has constructed about 50,000 tenements with all the physical
and social infrastructure for resettlement of 3,50,000 slum dwellers at
different locations in Mumbai and the construction balance 8,000
tenements is in progress
Every PAH / Slum dwelling family is allotted 225 Sq. Ft. carpet area
tenement in the permanent multistoried buildings
About 31 integrated townships built for 50,000 tenements which are well
connected by road and rail network and having provision of Balwadis,
community centers, society offices, shops with civic amenities like
school and hospitals in the neighborhood
The physical infrastructure like water supply, sewerage, storm water
drain, roads with footpaths and recreation grounds also completed by
MMRDA
Tenements constructed at different locations
Project
MUTP
Locations
Option A: Majas, Ajgaonkar Plot, Nirlon & NSE,
Kanjurmarg, Ghatkopar, Powai
Option B: Mahul – Videocon, Anik – Runwal, Anik –
Rockline, Mankhurd – S.V.Patel
Option C :Kokari Agar, Dharavi, Antop Hill,
Mankhurd
MUIP
SRA
Goregoan, ODC. Majas,Poonamnagar, Kanjurmarg
(W), Kanjurmarg (E), Bhandup (W). Anik
(Chembur), Anik (Bhakti park), Anik(Mahul),
Mankhurd, Borla, Shivaji Nagar, Chembur
Anik (Chembur ), Dahisar, Tunga Village
No. of tenements
5,107
12,316
4,257
27,524
3,524
52,728
Current Status of Rehabilitation
Project
Requirement
Already shifted
Yet to be
shifted
MUTP
22, 829
14,000
8,829
MUIP
35, 000
6,000
29,000
Total
57, 829
20,000
37,829
Site Views
Oshiwara
Mankhurd
Majas
Mahul - B
Ghatkopar
Transit at Mankhurd
GoM R&R Policy
The Government of Maharashtra has prepared Resettlement and
Rehabilitation Policy
To rehabilitate the slum dwellers and project affected households of
MUTP and MUIP
To develop and implement R&R through active community
participation
To accord housing and civic rights and form Co-operative Housing
Society
To improve local environment and motivate and organise the
community to manage resettlement colony
To retain existing community network and minimize adverse impact
to host community
Salient features of the slum rehabilitation scheme
Eligibility - A PAP whose name is in the electoral as on 1st Jan, 95
Provide free tenement of 225 sq. ft. carpet area to each PAH
Provide Rs. 20,000/structure for future maintenance
Minimum density 500 t/s per hectare
Floor Space Index 2.5 available
For every sq. ft. built rehab purpose, developer entitled for one sq.
ft. for sale purpose
TDR is available against free sale component as spill over 2.5 FSI
One Balwadi, One Welfare centre and a Society office for every 100
tenements each admeasuring 225 sq. ft. each
Salient features of the slum rehabilitation scheme
Un-encroached land belonging to a private party is
conveyed free of cost to the government for the use of
re-housing PAPs currently encroaching public land
needed for vital public project
Land owner to receive 1:1 TDR in lieu of the land
Land owner/Developer to receive incremental TDR
against construction of rehabilitation tenements at the
ratio of 1:1.33
Legal Framework Governing SRA Scheme
The Maharashtra Slum Areas Act 1971: for notifying the slums and for
fixing the eligibility criteria of slum dweller
LA Act 1894: for compulsory acquisition of land for public purposes.
MRTP Act, 1966: for preparation of Development Plans to designate
land for public purposes, which can be acquired under LA Act
DC Regulations for Greater Mumbai 1991: provides for an alternative
to acquisition under LA Act 1894 by way of Transfer of Development
Rights (TDR)
The Maharashtra Cooperative Societies Act 1960: provides for
establishing, registering and administering the cooperative societies
Step Involved in Slum Rehabilitation
Identification of vital public projects
Preparation of BSES Reports and Cadastral Maps
Identification of lands suitable for transit and permanent rehabilitation,
preparation of plans and approval to the schemes by the competent
authority
Preparation of eligible slum dwellers/PAPs list
Certification of the PAPs list by the Collector
Public consultations, issuance of identity cards and allotment letters
Construction of Transit tenements
Shifting of PAPs into transit tenements and clearing the corridors.
Construction of Permanent tenements
Shifting of PAPs into permanent tenements
Post
resettlement
activities
such
as
Registration/transfer funds to the societies
Co.
Op.
Housing
Soc.
Construction of Transit Tenements
Transit tenements provided temporary accommodations for slum
dwellers while permanent tenements were being completed
8000 transit tenement were constructed under MUTP along with
necessary infrastructure
The transit tenements are of approximately 120 sq.ft carpet area
each with common toilet facilities
Pedestrian pathways along with other basic amenities such as
water, electricity and ration shops have been provided
Resettlement and Rehabilitation Process
Based on recommendations of a Task Force assigned to frame a policy
regarding Resettlement & Rehabilitation the policy has been formulated.
Baseline Surveys, Resettlement and Rehabilitation Action Plan,
Rehabilitation
Implementation
Plans
(RIPs)
and
Community
Environmental Management Plans (CEMPs) have been prepared with the
help of NGOs.
Rehabilitation Action Plan (RAP) prepared covering;
Number of families affected by the project
Policy framework and entitlements
Land acquisition details
Identification of resettlement sites and purchase of built houses
Plans for transit and permanent housing
Economic rehabilitation measures
Monitoring, evaluation procedures, grievance & redressal
mechanisms
Time-table including the preparation of detailed implementation
plans
NGOs and Community Involvement
The project is being implemented with the assistance
of the NGOs like SPARC and SRS
The process of community participation began from
the stage of conducting BSES and RIP preparation
and the post rehabilitation support and services for
each of the project component
Reputed NGOs and Community Based Organisations
working in the project areas engaged to carry out the
BSES through the active participation of the
community
NGOs and Community Involvement
NGOs involvement helped to:
Identify the community preferences in new relocation site
Shelter design
Formation of Co. Op. Housing Societies of the PAHs
Formation of Mahila Milan Committees
Training the groups in maintenance and management of community
needs
Preparing the community to adapt to new lifestyle in multi-storied building
Maintenance of the local environment and services
Training and assisting the communities in establishing community based
savings and loan during the post resettlement phase
Promote community savings, income earning activities and improved
quality of life
Public Information Centres (PIC)
PICs have been established in the office of MMRDA
and the project sites to provide:
Information pertaining to the project
Eligibility & entitlements
Project
components
and
implementation
schedules
Public consultation and transparency process
NGOs
associated
with
the
project
to
provide
volunteers to manage the PIC at the project site
Grievance Redressal Mechanism
Two separate Committees have been appointed by MMRDA for
redressal of grievances of the Slum dwellers/ PAHs
Field Level Grievance Committee, comprising officials of the PMU,
representatives of the NGOs and Project Implementing Agencies
(PIAs), to hear the grievances of the PAHs at the first instance
High Level Grievance Redressal Committee, comprising the
officials of the MMRDA and the representatives of the NGOs, to
hear and decide appeals of the aggrieved Slum dwellers/ PAHs
A high level Independent Monitoring Panel has been constituted to
supervise the overall implementation process
Post Resettlement Activities
Formation of
Co. Op. Housing Soc. including their
PAH members and transfer of legal tenure of the land
in the names of the societies
Payment of all kind of monetary compensations &
transfer of maintenance charges
Providing community facilities, to the left over
population that are lost in the process of resettlement
Management Inofrmation System (MIS)
In order to monitor the rehab process, MIS has been
established by MMRDA
The MIS is prepared based on the inputs from the field
level operations to generate quarterly progress reports
Innovation in Implementation
The mammoth task of rehabilitation and resettlement is
being implemented with the following fast and quick
actions:
• Establishment of SRA cell in MMRDA
• Motivating the developers to offer tenements under SRA
scheme
• Invitation of proposals through public notification for
construction of tenements under SRA
• Timely
approvals
after
statutory
scrutiny
to
the
proposals of the developers and grant of TDR benefits
Innovation in Implementation – contd.
Supervision to ensure design standard, quality
construction through PMCs ensuring development of
off-site infrastructure utilizing engineering capabilities
of MMRDA
Involvement of NGOs to carry out the BSES, preparation
of RIP, CEMP and EA etc.
Co-ordination with government agencies like revenue
department and collector encroachments to finalise
eligibility and entitlements
Shifting of families through NGOs involvement under
the supervision of trained and qualified team of MMRDA
Taking over of cleared lands and providing security to
prevent re-encroachments
Impact Assessment
The execution of MUTP, MUIP and resettlement and rehabilitation of
project affected/slum dwellers would have several spin off benefits
The cost of the R&R if entirely procured through public
procurement process, purely on financial terms would cost Rs.
1500 Cr.
The process through which these tenements were procured has
put a very limited burden on government and therefore saved the
public funds at large
This project not only helped to relieve Mumbai of it’s
transportation problems but also give the much awaited impetus
to the stagnant growth of Mumbai’s economy
The transport infrastructure project are expected to yield
remarkable benefits to the city in terms of improved productivity,
saving in fuel and travel time, reduction in pollution and overall
growth of the city
THANK YOU !