R Adm Bernhard H. Teuteberg
Chief Director Maritime Strategy
South African Navy
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The aim of this presentation is to
provide a personal perspective of the
potential of multi purpose Offshore
Patrol Vessels for Africa
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Introduction
Brief Analysis of Challenges
The Role of Navies and/or Coastguards
Roles and Functions (Missions) of a Multi-Purpose
Offshore Patrol Vessel (OPV)
Key Design Features of an OPV
Life Cycle Management
Key Success Factors
Recommendations
Conclusion
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“The AUC shall encourage sub-regional
mutualized efforts in the construction and
equipment of standardized Offshore Patrol
Vessels (OPV) and other specific naval
vessels”
SADC Maritime Security Strategy
“SADC must take the lead in controlling its
own maritime domain. The cornerstone of
the Maritime Security Strategy is anchored
by capacity building of the navies of SADC.
The output must be the acquisition of
inshore and offshore patrol vessels”
Capacity and Capacity Building
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Africa has witnessed the
resurgence of the age old global
problems of piracy, human
trafficking and dumping of toxic
waste on its coastal waters. This is
further to illegal fishing which has
been going on for decades
unnoticed, for the most part, by
poorly equipped African states. In
particular, the rapid escalation of
piracy activity off the coast of
Somalia and the Gulf of Guinea
has alarmed African states and,
more so, the international
community.
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Security Challenges
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Terrorism, Piracy and Political Instability
Money-Laundering, Illegal Arms and Drug Trafficking
Illegal Oil Bunkering
Human Trafficking
 Insufficient Enforcement Assets/Domain Awareness
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Growth Challenges
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Securing Inland Waterways
Insufficient/Insecure Commercial Ports
Sub-Optimal Transport Integration
Hydrography and Marine Cartography
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Environmental Challenges
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Threat to Renewable and Non-Renewable Resources
Natural Disasters
Toxic Waste Disposal
Climate Change
Health Challenges
Theft of Renewable Resources
Organisational Challenges
 Priorities & Resources
 Visible Return on Investment
 Co-operation Agreements and Legal/Jurisdiction
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UNCLOS 1982: Maritime Zones
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War Fighting
(Defence)
Strategic
Deterrence
Benign Role
Policing or
Constabulary
Role
Diplomatic Role
Patrol Vessels
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Search and Rescue
Hydrography
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Policing: Enforcement of State Authority at Sea:
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Anti-piracy, Anti-terrorism
Anti-smuggling (narcotics, weapons, humans, etc)
Resource protection, Illegal Immigration
Pollution Control
Military:
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Surveillance
Protection of Offshore Platforms
Flag Verification
Protection of Commercial Trade
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Acquisition
Design & Specifications
Costs/Affordability
Commonality
Supportability
Operational Test &
Evaluation
Acceptance
Personnel
Numbers
Competency Levels
Training
Operation
Availability
Costs
Endurance
Life Cycle
Management
Depot Spares
Maintenance
Schedules
Costs
Maintenance & Repair
Levels of Maintenance
Obsolescence
Availability
Costs
Command & Control
Availability
Fit for Purpose
Integrated
Propulsion
Speed: 20 – 25 knots
Range: 6000 nm
2 MEs & CPP
Sensors
Armament
Main: 30 -40 mm
Close-In
Protection
Medical
Sickbay
Seaboats
Radar, IR,
Optical, EW
Interceptor &
Seaboat
Containerised
Multi-Mission
Navigation
WECDIS/GPS
At Least 4
Containers
Accommodation
Sea-Keeping
Ship’s Company: 40-60
Specialist: 36
Trainees: 20
RSA EEZ
3 -7 metre
10 metre
Flightdeck
Helicopter
(medium)
Command &
Control
Communications
Endurance
21 days
Life-cycle Concepts
CASH FLOW
Design, Develop,
Purchase
Construction
20%
80%
Operation
Disposal
Maintenance
Development
Acquisition
Start up
Disposal
LIFE (YEARS)
Life-cycle Concepts
Design, Develop,
Purchase
Construction
CASH FLOW
A
Disposal
Operation
Maintenance
B
Development
Acquisition
Start up
Disposal
LIFE (YEARS)
Serial
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Projected
Acquisition Cost
of Patrol Vessel
(20%)
$ 60 million
$ 80 million
$ 100 million
Life Cycle
Average
Costs (80%) Annual Life
Cycle Costs
over 30 years
$240 million $8 million
$320 million $10.67 million
$400 million $13.34 million
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Capital Acquisition Costs
Limited Combat
Operations
Special Operations
Anti-Piracy Operations
Anti-Smuggling Operations
Protection of Marine Resources
Diplomatic
Search & Rescue
Complexity of Naval Mission
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Sustainable, especially when deployed,
patrol capability
 Network-Enabled Command and Control
 Supported by Reconnaissance & MDA
 Robust, reliable, simple to operate
 Rapid-Reaction: availability
 Hostile boarding capability
 Inter-Operability
 Self-Protection
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Sovereign Rights and
Responsibilities
 Joint Efforts
 Economy of Scale
 Simplicity
 Sustainability
 “Fit for Purpose”
 Multi-Mission
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Affordable
 Inter-Operability
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Regional Joint Maritime Patrol
Support Concept
Maintenance & Repair Centres
Joint Training Centre/s
Joint Spares Depot/s
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Recognise the Requirement/Threat
 Horizontal and Vertical Integration of effort
 Maritime Domain Awareness: “The Key”
 Commonality : Joint Project Teams
 Acquisition versus Operating versus
Sustainment
 Recognition of Sovereign Rights and
Responsibilities
 Pragmatic
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The enforcement of the Authority of the State at
sea can only be done by Naval/Coast Guard
vessels operating in our Maritime Zones
To be supported by:
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Maritime Domain Awareness
Pragmatic Rules of Engagement
Judicial Systems that work
Sustainable Life Cycle Management
Co-operative Agreements
Integration of Effort
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This presentation is dedicated to
those men and women who brave the
mighty sea in the legal exploration
and exploitation of the oceans, to the
benefit of mankind, and those who
have pledged to uphold the notion of
the freedom of the seas and innocent
passage.
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“This is Africa’s moment to leave a legacy for our
People and to make history”
Dr Jean Ping
Chairperson of the AUC
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