MINISTRY
OF REGIONAL
DEVELOPMENT
MINISTRY OF REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT
Department of Structural Policy Coordination
The effect of EU regional policy
on economic and social cohesion
of Poland
Growing Together: International Conference
on EU Cohesion Policy
Ankara
March 28, 2013
1
MINISTRY
OF REGIONAL
DEVELOPMENT
Poland – geographical location
2
MINISTRY
OF REGIONAL
DEVELOPMENT
Poland – general information
3
MINISTRY
OF REGIONAL
DEVELOPMENT
Plan of the presentation
1. Poland as a beneficiary of the EU Cohesion Policy
2. Process of decentralization
– evolution of regional policy
3. Positive impact of Cohesion Policy
4. Lessons learned and good practices
4
MINISTRY
OF REGIONAL
DEVELOPMENT
Poland as a beneficiary of the EU Cohesion Policy
5
MINISTRY
OF REGIONAL
DEVELOPMENT
Calendar of changes in Poland (1)
1989 - 1 May 2004:
- adjustment of national law to acquis communautaire and constitutional reforms, incl.
reintroducing of self-government at regional level
- experiences in implementation of pre-accession funds (PHARE, SAPARD, ISPA
ca. EUR 5,7 bln): better preparation for accession process, building administration capacity at different
programmming and implementation level (at central and regional level), better preparation for the new
finantial perspective (at strategic and system level)
2003-2004:
- drafting documents and negotiations for 2004-2006 programming period;
2005
- setting up the Ministry of Regional Development and concentrating all competences in
management of Cohesion Policy
6
MINISTRY
OF REGIONAL
DEVELOPMENT
Calendar of changes in Poland (2)
2006-2007:
- drafting documents and negotiations for 2007-2013 programming period
2008-2009:
- closure of 2004-2006 programmes at the Polish side and submission of closure documents to EC
- creating a new system of strategic management in Poland
2010-till now
- high dynamics of implementation 2007-2013 programmes, mid-term review and allocating
National Performance Reserve and Technical Adjustment;
- elaborating of strategic documents, incl. mid-term and long-term national development strategies,
9 integrated strategies, National Strategy of Regional Development, National Spatial Development
Concept, etc.
- active participation in the debate on the future of Cohesion Policy after 2013
- programming of the next period 2014-2020
7
MINISTRY
OF REGIONAL Role
DEVELOPMENT
of the Ministry of Regional Development
The main governmental institution competent for coordination of:
 development policy
 regional policy
 spatial policy
 EU Cohesion Policy in Poland
Main tasks:
 ordering the system for the strategic management of development
 preparation and implementation of the socio-economic development
strategy
 coordination of actions of relevant ministers, self-governments and socioeconomic partners in the area of development policy
 efficient management of the EU funds
8
MINISTRY
Comparison of the Cohesion
OF REGIONAL
DEVELOPMENTallocation for Poland
NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT PLAN
2004-2006
NATIONAL STRATEGIC REFERENCE FRAMEWORK
2007-2013
EU 94%
Poland 6%
European Union (2000-2006) – 213,0 bln EUR
Poland (2004-2006) – 12,8 bln EUR
For the 2004-2006 financial
perspective Poland received
12. 8 billions euro
(6% of the total EU assistance
in that period).
Policy
EU 81%
Poland 19%
European Union – 347,4 bln EUR
Poland – 67,3 bln EUR
In the period 2007-2013 Poland has at its
disposal 67.3 billion euro for the Cohesion
Policy that is almost 1/5 of the total EU
Cohesion Policy financing.
9
MINISTRY
OF REGIONAL
DEVELOPMENT
Main changes in the structure of Cohesion
Policy in Poland
Poland – comparison
National Development Plan 2004National Strategic Reference
2006
Framework 2007-2013
SOP Improvement of Competitiveness of
Enterprises (15%*)
SOP Transport (14%)
SOP Human Resources Development(17%)
Integrated Regional Operational
Programme managed by the Ministry
of Regional Development
OP Infrastructure & Environment (42%)
OP Human Capital (14%)
OP Development of Eastern Poland (3%)
(34%) 16 ROPs managed by 16 regions
SOP Restructuring & modernization of
food sector and rural development
SOP Fisheries and fish processing (16%)
OP Technical Assistance (0,3%)
Community Initiatives (4%)
* % of total allocation
OP Innovative Economy (12%)
(25%)
(as instruments coordinated with cohesion policy:
OP Development of Rural Areas
OP Balanced development of the sectors of fisheries and
coastal fishing regions)
OP Technical Assistance (1%)
OP European Territorial Cooperation (1%)
managed by the Ministry
of Agriculture and Rural Development
10
MINISTRY
OF REGIONAL
DEVELOPMENT
Implementation of Cohesion Policy
2004-2006
Ca. 90 000 projects implemented for
14,4 bln euro of co-financing.
2007-2013
Till March 2013 ca. 82 000 contracts
signed for 56 bln euro of co-financing
11
MINISTRY
OF REGIONAL
DEVELOPMENT
What we support by the EU money?
New system of strategic documents
EXAMPLES
2004-2006
2007-January 2013
motorways and expressways,
roads, railway
5 650 km
11 927 km
water supply network
5 700 km
5 540 km
wastewater treatment plants
225
381
Built or modernized:
Human capital development:
new jobs set up
6758
286 520
new technologies implemented
401
2424
laboratories modernised or
established
134
1584
Research & Development
12
MINISTRY
OF REGIONAL
DEVELOPMENT
Process of decentralization
– evolution of regional policy
13
MINISTRY
OF REGIONAL
DEVELOPMENT
Change of regional policy
In the area of regional policy Poland in recent 20 years has
undergone shift from:
Centrally run, concentration of
efforts on given problem areas with
very modest impact
Regionally run, integrated,
coordinated, multi level EU Cohesion
Policy-like system becoming the major
development instrument
14
MINISTRY
OF REGIONAL
DEVELOPMENT
Decentralization process in Poland (1)
 In 1999 Poland introduced 16 regions
 From 2007 regions became fully responsible for big share of
European funds under cohesion policy (regions are responsible for
management of ca. 17 bln euro = 25% of the whole Polish 2007-2013
allocation)
 Gradually regions took over responsibilities in new areas from
the government (sometimes with money too)
 Reorienting the development policy:
 increase the efficiency of programming
 links between programming and operational level
 evaluation of development programmes
 reduction of the number of strategic documents
15
15
MINISTRY
OF REGIONAL
DEVELOPMENT
Decentralization process in Poland (2)
 Building multilevel governance system including all
management partners and broad range of economic and social
partners
 New ways of cooperation between public-private partners, NGOs
and academic sectors
 Policy process of consultations – public debate on a role of public
policies territorially oriented in socio-economic growth and regional
policy
 Assistance of OECD, Word Bank – evidence-based policy
 Support of regional public administration
16
16
MINISTRY
OF REGIONAL
DEVELOPMENT

Challenge for Poland
Not only to spend money, but to modernise
the country with the use of money
HOW TO DO IT?

Create a good, effective policy for everyone!
17
17
MINISTRY
OF REGIONAL
DEVELOPMENT
New model of regional policy
 Territorial approach
 Regional policy is not only policy for poor areas – it is a policy
for all Polish regions and territories supporting in the best
possible way in using their development potential and where is a
necessity providing external resources
 Regional policy is effective – in order to deliver it supports
necessary institutional, legal and financial changes
 Regional policy has an integrated character:

integration of different public policies at national and regional

level
coordination of national policies
 Integrated approach – investment mix
18
18
MINISTRY
OF REGIONAL
DEVELOPMENT
New system of strategic planning in Poland
Long-term national development strategy
National Spatial
Development Concept
(NSDC)
Medium-term national development strategy
Transport Development
Strategy
National Security
Strategy of the Republic
of Poland
Energy Safety and
Environment
Social Capital
Development Strategy
Strategy of Innovation
and Economic Efficiency
Strategy for Sustainable
Development of Rural
areas and Agriculture
Human Resources
Development Strategy
9 integrated
strategies
with a strong
territorial
dimension
Efficient State
National Strategy of Regional Development
19
MINISTRY
OF REGIONAL
DEVELOPMENT
Structure of public administration
state administration
central level
Council of Ministers
regional
level
concentrated
administration
(upper)
local level
concentrated
administration
local
level
self-government
Voivoship’s
Office
deconcentrated
administration
voivodship
self-government
deconcentrated
administration
poviat
self-government
commune
self-government
20
MINISTRY
OF REGIONAL
DEVELOPMENT
Performance budget
National Performance Reserve (0,6 bln euro from ERDF) is an
instrument of competition among individual institutions involved in
implementing EU funds.
The purpose of the National Performance Reserve is to stimulate:
• expenditure rate
• efficiency direction for expenditure
Added-value of the EU funds during the global crisis - the funds
themselves and their proper management prevented Poland from the heavy
impact of the crisis and economic slowdown in Europe.
21
MINISTRY
OF REGIONAL
DEVELOPMENT
New model of integrated development policy
(conclusion)
 Cooperation - Multi-level governance system
 Coordination of the management of processes – Ministry of Regional
Development leadership
 Territory-oriented (place-based) approach - stress on investment mix
 Integrated territorial approach - focus on pro-development measures
 Strengthening territorial potentials
 Competitiveness - result-oriented policies, performance budget
22
MINISTRY
OF REGIONAL
DEVELOPMENT
Positive impact of Cohesion Policy
23
MINISTRY
OF REGIONAL
DEVELOPMENT
Impact of the EU funds intervention on the GDP
EU funds influence on the GDP growth in Poland
pkt proc.
2,0
1,0
0,0
2004
2005
2006
MaMoR3
-1,0
2007
2008
2009
EUImpactModIII
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
Hermin
GDP growth in Poland in 2010 was about 0,6-0,7 pp. higher thanks to cohesion policy
EU funds influence on the GDP growth in Poland (in pps) per capita
MaMoR3
EUImpactModIII
Hermin
pkt proc.
4,0
2,0
0,0
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
In 2010 the difference in the level of Polish GDP per 1 inhabitant in relation to the EU-27
was less than 1.4 to 2.2 percentage points (pp) thanks to EU funds
Source: GUS, Eurostat
24
MINISTRY
OF REGIONAL
DEVELOPMENT
Economic growth in Poland against the EU-27
%
8
6
4
2
0
-2
-4
-6
GDP change in Poland and EU-27
EU-27
6,2
1,8
Poland
7,1
2,7
5,0
3,0
4,5
3,1
5,3
4,3
3,9
2,0
1,2
1,4
3,9
1,3
1,4
2,5
3,6
2,0
6,2
6,8
3,3
3,2
5,1
1,6
0,3
3,9 4,3
2,0 1,5
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
-4,3
In 2007-2011 the average GDP growth rate in Poland amounted to 4.3%.
The impact of the EU cohesion policy –approx. 0.4 – 0.8 pp.
p p.
Impact of resources from the European funds on the growth rate of GDP in fixed prices
(variance from the scenario without the EU resources in pp.)
MaMoR3
EUImpactModIII
2
Hermin
1
0
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
-1
Source: GUS, Eurostat
25
MINISTRY
Benefits
OF REGIONAL
DEVELOPMENTimplementation of
to the EU-15 countries from the
cohesion policy in V4 countries
Comparison of total benefits of EU15 to net contributions of individual EU15
countries, in the part related to the implementation of the Cohesion Policy in
Visegrad Group (V4: Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland and Slovakia)
• Each net euro
invested under the
Cohesion Policy by
EU15 comes back in
the form of additional
exports of 61 cents
• For Germany, Ireland
and Luxembourg the
gained benefits are
higher than the costs
Source: Instytut Badań Strukturalnych: Evaluation of benefits to the EU-15 countries resulting from the implementation of the Cohesion Policy in the Visegrad
26
Group countries (for MRD PL)
MINISTRY
OF REGIONAL
DEVELOPMENT
Future in Poland: 2014-2020 programming
period
 72.9 billion EUR for Cohesion Policy for Poland
 strenghtening the implementation of Europe 2020 strategy
 incentives
 intergrated approach
 more effective use of territorial potential
 coordination of intervention (Territorial Contract)
 bigger decentralisation
 challenges for Poland for 2014-2020 are defined in:
National Development Strategy 2020
adopted by Council of Ministers
on the 25 of September, 2012
Its strategic objective is:
to develop a base for further enhancement of the economy
competitiveness, improvement of social and territorial cohesion
and increase the efficiency and effectiveness of public sector.
27
MINISTRY
OF REGIONAL
DEVELOPMENT
Lessons learned and good practices
28
MINISTRY
OF REGIONAL
DEVELOPMENT
Lessons learned and good practices (1)
Cohesion policy in Poland - conclusions
Institutional and systemic changes in Poland, including enhancement of:
Strategic planning and management
Good governance
Partnership principle
Result-oriented policies, performance budget
Coordination with other European policies and national development policy:
CAP, Maritime policy, Fishery policy
national policies
Integrated territorial approach
Effective instruments
Focus on pro-development measures
Open to international cooperation: exchange of experience
29
MINISTRY
OF REGIONAL
DEVELOPMENT
Lessons learned and good practices (2)
Development policy in Poland – how to deliver successful growth
Use of territorial potentials of endogenous growth
Coordination of territorialy oriented sectoral policies
Delivery mechanism that proved its worth in 2004-2006 and first
years of 2007-2013 period :
Objective-oriented
Conditionality
Effective monitoring system
Partnership principle
Notable contribution to the shape of Cohesion Policy – mutual
relevance
Polish response to financial crisis ?
 thematic and geographical concentration
 smart growth
 integrated approach
30
MINISTRY
OF REGIONAL
DEVELOPMENT
International cooperation
Scope of cooperation:
cohesion policy, regional policy, development policy, spatial policy, urban
policy, evaluation
Aim of cooperation:
sharing experience with EU Member States
supporting the EU candidate countries and countries in transition
Forms of cooperation:
organizing bilateral and multilateral meetings,
seminars, workshops, study visits, internships
realizing development projects
consultations via e-mails
publishing activity
31
MINISTRY
OF REGIONAL
DEVELOPMENT
www.mrr.gov.pl
Internet websites
of the Ministry of Regional Development
www.funduszeeuropejskie.gov.pl
32
MINISTRY
OF REGIONAL
DEVELOPMENT
MINISTRY OF REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT
Thank you for the attention
Piotr Żuber
Director of the Department of Structural Policy Coordination
Ministry of Regional Development
ul. Wspólna 2/4
www.mrr.gov.pl
www.funduszestrukturalne.gov.pl
33