EPA 2010/ GHG14
EMMISIONS
Created for: APMA - 2013
By: Scott Fast
EPA 2010 Notes
• 2010 stricter emission standards than 2007
• OEM’s will go to a Selective Catalyst Reduction
(SCR) System.
• SCR gives the customer better fuel economy.
• SCR will treat exhaust down stream from
engine.
• SCR will add 500 – 800 LBS to truck chassis.
• SCR will effect total payload, in some
applications.
• SCR packaging will change chassis
configurations for most customers.
Emissions Control Strategy
2007 Emissions
2010 Emissions
How SCR works
Exhaust leaves the engine with
the pollutants NOx and PM
Particulate Matter (PM) is trapped
in the Diesel Particulate Filter
(DPF)
= Exhaust
= DEF
DEF injected into the
exhaust stream
NOx
PM
DEF
NOx
PM
DEF solution ‘hydrolyzes’ into
ammonia gas (NH3) which mixes
with the exhaust
Ammonia (NH3) and Nitrogen
Oxides (NOx) react in the catalyst
to form Nitrogen and Water
NH3
HN2SCR
O2 Catalyst
HD 1-Box ATS (under step)
1-Box Flow
The following diagram illustrates the flow of exhaust through the DOC and DPF. Then where
the DEF enters the hydrolysis pipe and eventually meets the exhaust in the SCR device.
Detroit Diesel’s dual parallel flow (ATD & SCR catalyst) reduces backpressure on the engine
thus increasing fuel efficiency.
Item Component
1
Diesel Oxidation Catalyst
(DOC)
2
Diesel Particulate Filter
(DPF)
3
SCR Devices
4
DEF Hydrolysis Pipe
2
1
1
2
3
3
4
Urea System
•13 gallon urea tank shown
• 6/13/23 gallon tanks
available
• Mounted LH side of chassis
HD Urea Tank
Driver Interface
Representative example for driver warning
LED lamp is bicolor
amber / red
4th (low) LED bar is tricolor
green / amber / red
• Integrated Fuel and DEF Gauge
• Fuel level gauge with low level indicator
• 4 LED level indicator DEF gauge below w/ low level indicator
First 3 LED bars display
green
2010 Driver Inducements
In addition to the SCR hardware is a new DEF gauge. Just like filling up their diesel tank,
drivers will need to remember to watch their DEF gauge and fill it when needed.
FULL
EMPTY
DEF Level
Gauge Lamps
DEF Lamp
75% to 100%
4 green lights
off
50% to 75%
3 green lights
off
25% to 50%
2 green lights
off
10% to 25%
1 green light
off
5% to 10%
1 yellow light
on solid
0% to 5%
1 red light flashing
on flashing
Check Engine Lamp
25% Engine Derate
55 MPH Vehicle Speed Limit
Malfunction Indicator Lamp (MIL)
2010 Driver Inducements
If the driver accidentally puts an improper fluid into the DEF tank, the SCR system will detect
the error and the malfunction indicator lamp will illuminate.
• The following action will be employed once this condition is
detected:
• 25 % engine derate
• 55 mph speed limit imposed
• After 1,000 miles or 20 hours of operation without remedy a
vehicle speed will be limited to 5 mph.
Malfunction Indicator
Lamp
• Similar actions will be employed if the engine detects any tampering or
failure with the after-treatment sensors or hardware.
• Under no circumstances will the engine be shutdown due to running
the vehicle out of DEF or putting the improper fluid in the DEF tank
GHG 2014 Notes
• Incorporates OBD diagnostics
• GHG2014 begins with M/Y 2014 and increases
stringency through M/Y 2018.
• GHG14 applies to both engine, and vehicle.
• Separate standards for CO2 (Carbon Dioxide), N2O
(Nitrogen Dioxide), CH4 (Methane) and HFC’s (Hydro
fluorocarbon's)
• Greenhouse Gas (GHG): CO2 Grams per Ton-Mile
• Fuel Economy: Gallons per 1,000 Ton-Mile
• HFC’s: Leakage from HVAC systems may not exceed
1.5% per year.
What Customers need to know:
• GHG14 Unit production started on January 7, 2013
• Customer can still spec trucks like they want to. Most
“Regulatory” GHG14 features are optional.
• GHG14 Models are using Aerodynamics, LRR Tires,
Vehicle Weight, Engine Efficiency, Idle Reduction and
Vehicle Speed Limiters to lower GHG emissions.
• OBD Diagnostics are mandatory. There will be an
average price escalator of around $800 per truck.
• State Inspectors may inspect for OBD faults. (Emissions
Faults)
• OEM’s are gaining 4-6% better fuel economy with
GHG14, over EPA2010.