Presentation on Term Paper
Nishant Kumar Pandey
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No. - 30
Topic
Globalisation :The Tribal Encounter
By : B.D. Sharma
The book deals with the life and problems
of Tribal people in the Bastar region of
Chhatisgarh and as to how they are fooled
and cheated by some people just for self
interest. It also highlights on the encounter
mechanism adopted by the indegenous
people against global forces.
About Author
B D Sharma is a Ph.D. in Mathematics and was
a teacher at Pilani.
Joined IAS in 1956.
First role conflict was faced by him while
being posted as district collector in Bastar in
Chhatisgarh
Was secretary of tribal welfare in M.P.
Became commissioner of SC & ST
commission
Chairman of Bharat Jan Andolan and pioneer
of Nate-na-raj Andolan.
Introduction to book
The book presents some glimpse of Tribal
response to the forcible opening up of their
small world by the impact of Globalisation.
The book focuses on Tribal life and its changes
in the Bastar region of Chhatisgarh which is
primarily a tribal belt.
Talks about issues like deprivation of rights for
tribals and exploitation by various private
players.
It also deals with how tribals reacted to external
forces
Key question
How the onset of
Globalisation
created an impact
on tribal life.
How tribal people
reacted to external
pressure.
This topic was
chosen considering
its link to grass root
level of rural India
Course of presentation
Introduction
Tribal issues
Case studies
Outcome and conclusion
Tribals
Globalisation is not merely a question of
marginalisation for indigenous peoples it is a
multi-pronged attack on the very foundation of
their existence and livelihoods
 There are resources but ferociously sought by
global corporations, trying to push traditional
societies off their lands
New trade and investment agreements, which are
opening up previously inaccessible territory to
industrial extraction of natural resources, has
forced indigenous peoples to defend their
homelands
Bastar
Bastar : the case of colonial onslaught
The Bastar region is full of forest which bears
lots of resources
Besides it has also been a shelter for
indigenous people since long time
Government declared forests as reserves and it
is these tribal people who had not only
maintained the ecological and environmental
balances but also whose life was based on the
forest, had to now face a state of deprivation.
Nakabandi came in picture
Failure of Tribal Sub Plan
Apathy of government
Flaw on part of beurocracy
No proper participation from tribal people
Forest being declared as reserves
Onset of Industrialisation
Pollution increased and whole
environmental balance was disturbed
There was no care and surety for the
source of income of tribal people involved
The case of Bodh Ghat
Bodh Ghat was the area in Bastar region
through which river Indravati flowed and it
was a proposed site for construction of a
hydel power plant
Agriculrure and forest the main source of
livelihood.
There was no plan of what will be the future
source of irrigation and how it will work in
near by areas after execution of hydel power
project.
No proper plan regarding rehabilitation and
sustainable livelihood generation of tribals
Is rehabilitation a solution
Will the rehabilitation take place as a community
or as an individual
What will be its impact on up growing children
From where will government find an equally big
and suitable piece of land to rehabilitate the
migrated people in the same way as they use to
live here
What will be the solution to social necessities like
primary health centre, hospital, schools and post
office
What will happen if they face a bad year in new
place
Case (ii)
Community ownership over industries
Proposal of establishment of Steel plant at a
place called Mavalibhata in Bastar
Issues that needed to focused were firstly the
nature of control over and ownership of natural
resources, the ownership over surplus and
positive outcomes and lastly the entitlement and
responsibilities of ordinary people in the merging
system.
The case of Mavalibhata
A move for exploitation of man power and human
resource by setting up industry
As such over harnessing of natural resource
Gradual creation of market and market forces
thereby transferring the control to other hands
People movement took place that resulted in
historical Mavalibhata declaration.
Mavalibhata declaration
Formulated on December 5, 1992
Agitation again proposed steel plant
Preamble :
“We will intensify our struggles for basic changes
in the institutional Structure, national laws and for
establishment of a new order in Which the people
will enjoy undisputed rights over resources, they
Will be partner in development, everyone will have
a place of honour in the new economy and the
right to life with dignity of every citizen will be onviolable”.
Mavalibhata declaration Contd..
The process of encroachment on tribal
resources in the name of development was
highlighted.
4 key highlights were
Nation
Tribal Areas
Bastar and Mavalibhata
Democratic Norms and Human Rights
Government’s Initiative; questionable????
 The Tribal Sub Plan (TSP) Strategy has been adopted
for all round development of tribal areas throughout
the country since Fifth Five-Year Plan. Under the TSP
approach almost entire tribal inhabited area have been
covered under one of the following, depending upon
their population percentile:
i)Integrated Area Development Project (ITDPs)
ii)Modified Area Development Approach (MADA)
iii)Clusters
iv)Primitive Tribal Groups
 Tribal bill Draft
 National tribal policy
Connection with RLLE
Similar situation faced by Kondh tribe
in Rayagada district
Deprived of facility and no care from
side of government.
Industries and factories are utilizing
natural resources based in tribal areas
but not even a hint of profit being
shared to local communities.
Difficulties faced
Scattered information in books
Lack of arranged quantitative
information
Diffculty in getting real picture of role
played by NGO.
conclusion
Care needs to be taken regarding use of natural
resources as they are depleting day by day
Exploitation of manpower has to be checked
“ let us live peacefully and let others also live
peacefully. No tree will ever bear sweet fruit if it is
nurtured by tears and sufferings of many people”
Time for society to arise, awake and step ahead
References
www.tribal.nic.in
Website of international forum for
globalisation
http://www.freedomindia.com
www.Indianjungles.com
http://ignca.nic.in/ls_03025.htm
Global perception of tribal research in
India
By : M . L. Patel
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