VDOT’S STORMWATER
MANAGEMENT PROGRAM
ASCE PRESENTATION
February 20, 2014
PRESENTATION OUTLINE
VDOT SWM Program Overview/Challenges
 Roy Mills – L&D Division
Stormwater Management Regulations in Virginia
and VSMP Part IIB Technical Criteria
 Ginny Snead, P.E. – Maintenance Division (Louis
Berger contract employee)
TMDL (Total Maximum Daily Load) Program
 Tracey Harmon – Environmental Division
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VDOT’S STORMWATER
MANAGEMENT PROGRAM
AREAS
 Erosion and Sediment Control
o Construction site controls
 Post Construction Stormwater Management
o Water quality/quantity BMPs
 VSMP Construction Permit
o Coverage for regulated land disturbing activities
 MS4 Permit
o Covers VDOT operations in the 15 Census Urban Areas
of the State
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PROGRAM ADMINISTRATION
VDOT CENTRAL OFFICE
 Manages statewide program
 Develops policies and guidance
VDOT DISTRICT/RESIDENCY OFFICES
 Implements policies and procedures
OFFICE OF THE STATE SWM PROGRAM
ADMINISTRATOR (CO L&D)
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 Develops policies/guidance
 Provides/coordinates training
 Manages budget & consultant contract
 Submits to DEQ for VSMP Construction Permit
coverage for land disturbing activities
 Develops MS4 Implementation Plan
PROGRAM ADMINISTRATION (Cont.)
 2 Staff Engineers
 MS4 Steering Committee
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 L&D Division
 Environmental Division
 Maintenance Division
 Traffic Engineering Division
 Transportation Planning Division
 Learning Center
 Construction Division
 Communications Office
 District Construction Representative
 District Maintenance Representative
 VCTIR Representative
 MS4 Consultant
PROGRAM ADMINISTRATION (Cont.)
SWM Program Policy Committee
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Deputy Chief Engineer
Construction Division Administrator
Maintenance Division Administrator
Environmental Division Administrator
Learning Center Administrator
District Administrator Representative
ADDITIONAL PROGRAM DETAILS
BUDGET
 $3.5 Million Annually
 Does not include:
• Project related cost
• Cost covered by normal operationally expenses
• Cost for any retrofit BMPs
MS4 CONSULTANT CONTRACT
 3 Term Contract (Began April 2014)
 $3 Million maximum per term
 EEE Consulting (Prime)
 Stantec (formerly WEG) and JMT (Subs)
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CHALLENGES
or
OPPORTUNITIES THAT
ARE CLEVERLY
DISGUISED
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VSMP CONSTRUCTION PERMIT
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Existing permit expires 6/30/14
New Permit begins 7/1/14
New permit approved by SWCB 12/13
New permit includes new/revised requirements for:
 Construction inspection frequency
 SWPPP/SWM inspections
 P2 Plans (Pollution Prevention)
 P2 training for contractor personnel
 Requirements to meet EPA’s Effluent Limitation
Guidelines (ELGs)
 Projects with coverage under current permit must
reapply for coverage under new permit by June 1 and
SWPPPs must be updated within 60 days of new permit
coverage to incorporate any new or revised
requirements (includes projects under construction)
MS4 PERMIT
 New Phase II General Permit effective 7/1/13
 VDOT received coverage under the new permit on
11/1/13
 Permit contains new requirements for the six
Minimum Control Measures (MCMs):
o Public Education and Outreach
Identify 3 high priority water quality issues,
develop an appropriate message and delivery
to a target audience
o Public Involvement/Participation
Participate in 4 local SWM activities annually
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MS4 PERMIT (Cont.)
o Illicit Discharge Detection and Elimination (IDDE)
Complete the storm sewer system outfall map and
information tables and make info available upon
request
Complete and implement IDDE procedures
Provide for public reporting of potential illicit
discharge
o Construction Site Stormwater Runoff Control
New inspection requirements
P2 Plans and contractor training
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MS4 PERMIT (Cont.)
o Post Construction Stormwater Management
New water quality and quantity requirements
and compliance methods (Runoff Reduction
and Energy Balance Equation)
New BMP selection list (BMP Clearing House
Website)
o Pollution Prevention/Good Housekeeping for
Municipal Operations
SWPPPs for high priority facilities
P2 Plans for onsite operations
Biennial training for employees
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MS4 Permit (Cont.)
 Contains Special Conditions for addressing :
o Chesapeake Bay TMDL
 Requires determination of pollutant loads and required
reductions on developed lands prior to 2009
 Requires achieving 5% of total load reductions prior to
end of current permit cycle (6/30/18)
o Other TMDLs (Local)
 8 from previous permit – Continue implementation of
Action Plans
 14+/- new ones – Develop Action Plans
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OTHER ITEMS OF INTEREST
DEQ’S SWM CERTIFICATION PROGRAM
 Similar to ESC Certification Program except no exemption
for a professional license (P.E./L.A./L.S.) for initial Plan
Reviewer certification
 SWM Inspector & Plan Reviewer Certifications required by
7/1/14 for appropriate personnel
 DEQ currently conducting 2 day Basic and 1 day Inspector
classes
 2 day Plan Reviewer Classes due in early Spring 2014
 VDOT has received approval to conduct the training
classes for its internal employees and consultant contract
personnel (training is currently underway for 600+ people)
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OTHER ITEMS OF INTEREST
(Cont.)
SUPPORT FACILITIES – VSMP CONSTRUCTION
PERMIT COVERAGE
 Supplemental Specification (SS) finalized and was available
for inclusion in construction contracts beginning 9/13
 Contractor develops plans & VDOT obtains permit coverage
for all facilities located within VDOT right of way or
easement.
 Contractor develops plans and obtains permit coverage for
all facilities located outside VDOT right of way or easement
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OTHER ITEMS OF INTEREST
(Cont.)
CURRENT RESEARCH ACTIVITIES (VCTIR)
 Lorton Road Project LID BMP Evaluations
 Maintenance Requirements for Permeable Asphalt
Pavement – Route 66/234 Park and Ride Lot
 Use of Nutrient Credit Banks to satisfy water quality
requirements for VDOT projects
 BMP Design Manual of Practice – Phase II
STANDARDS and SPECIFICATIONS
 Revised EC-5 Silt Fence Standards
 New Standard Sheets for Clearing House BMPs –
Construction Details, Specifications and Inspection
Protocols (for construction and post construction)
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FIRST INTERMISSION
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STORMWATER REGULATIONS
IN VIRGINIA
AND
NEW VSMP TECHNICAL CRITERIA
(PART IIB)
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STORMWATER REGS IN VA
 Clean Water Act/NPDES
 Industrial SW GP
 Construction SW GP
 MS4: Phase I Ind., Phase II GP
 State Regulatory Programs
 Va SW Management Permit
Statewide
 Erosion and Sediment Control
Statewide
 Chesapeake Bay Preservation
Tidewater
2014 VSMP Regulation
Changes
 New Construction GP
 Water Quality Criteria
 Water Quantity Criteria
 Local Programs
Stormwater Criteria Address Land
Use Changes as a Result of
Development
Pre-development –
non-regulated land
use
Land Disturbance
Activity regulated
under federal
regulation
Post-development
– non-regulated
land use
The water quality and quantity design criteria are
implemented in conjunction with the VSMP General Permit
for Stormwater Discharges from Construction Activities.
These criteria are based on a State regulation separate from
federal requirements.
Water Quality: Key Differences
Existing Rules
Modified Rules
Impervious Surface
(IC) only
Land Use(s)
IC + Forest/Open Space +
Managed Turf
0.5 inches of Runoff
from the IC only
Event
1.0 inches of Rainfall
from the whole site
Average land
condition/
technology based
10% reduction TP
New Design Criteria
Redevelopment
Criteria
Simple Method
Compliance
Methodology
0.41 lbs./ac/yr TP
<1 acre = 10% red. TP,
>1 acre = 20% red. TP
Runoff Reduction
Method (RRM)
Current Methodology
“Traditional” BMP pollutant removal efficiencies do not
take into account the removal that occurs when the runoff
volume is reduced.
Many BMPs do not reduce runoff volume at all.
Runoff Reduction Method
Using BMPs that also provide volume reduction provides
greater overall pollutant (mass load) removal
This reflects a “Mass Balance” Approach
New Design Criteria
Environmental Site Design
 There is no longer a specified “Average land cover
condition” (% Imp. Cover or Poll. Load) below
which you are not required to meet any water
quality requirements
Imagine the site as an area
 “Site” is redefined
that you can put construction
fencing around ,but including
undisturbed areas that are
going to be protected as part
of the plan.
Stormwater Offsets Program
 Current Program to Offset Phosphorus
Design Requirement Offsite
 Flexibility for Developers
 DEQ Approved Perpetual Credits
 James, York, Rappahannock, Potomac
 Local Water Quality Limitations
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Same or Adjacent 8 Digit HUC
Same Basin
In Bay Watershed Only
New Regulations Pending
Water Quantity Criteria
Past approaches in urban stormwater hydrology focused
on
Peak Flow
Flooding
Velocity
The new paradigm is
Volume-Based Hydrology (VBH)
The Energy Balance Method
 The longer and
stronger the force
acts, the more
sediment is moved.
 The ENERGY
BALANCE METHOD is
based on the
interaction of both
flow volume and peak
discharge, which
determine the stream
channel configuration
Revised Stormwater
Management Handbook
The draft Revised
Stormwater Management
Handbook can be found
at DEQ’s web-site.
Developed to provide
additional guidance to
accompany the
regulations.
Contains chapters with
example problems
SECOND INTERMISSION
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VDOT’s MS4 TMDL Program
Tracey Harmon
Water Quality Permits Manager,
Environmental Division
TMDLs with VDOT WLA
2008 PH. II Permit
• 8 TMDLs in MS4 areas with WLA assigned to VDOT
Stroubles Creek - sediment
Crab Creek – sediment & bacteria
Opequon Creek & Abrams Creek – sediment &
bacteria
Bull Run − sediment
Popes Head Creek − sediment
Goose Creek − sediment
Roanoke River − sediment & bacteria
Potomac River − PCB
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Local TMDL Study Template
Justification Memo
Outfall Recon
Facility Evaluation
Calculate Contributing Acreage
Develop Annual Characterization
• Estimate Stormwater Volume
• Estimate Pollutant of Concern (POC)
BMP Selection Process
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Popes Head
Creek
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Popes Head
Creek
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Popes Head
Creek
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Popes Head
Creek
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Popes Head
Creek
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Transportation Approach
Impervious Estimates
“Roadway” LU type = 100% impervious
• vs. TMDL’s NLCD data (eg. LDR = 35%)
ROW Estimates
Based on GIS & aerial photo
• vs. TMDL Contributing Acreage
Watershed Treatment Model (WTM)
Non-structural & Structural BMPs
• vs. TMDL Model (GWLF, HSPF)
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Transportation Approach
NLCD Example
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Transportation
Example
BMP Selection Process
Based on % reduction from TMDL
• MS4 Core Program Credit
40% reduction sediment
• Additional Reductions Needed
Evaluate Applicable BMPs for POC
• Determine Efficiency Ranking
• Determine Cost Ranking
Select BMPs based on Cost-Effectiveness
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BMP Selection Example
WLA % reduction for POC = 72%
Apply Core BMP Credit
32% Additional Reductions Needed
Structural & Non-Structural BMPs
Highest Efficiencies
Lowest Costs
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Non-Structural BMPs
Riparian forest buffer
Catch basin clean out
Street Sweeping
Tree Planting (open space to forest)
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Structural BMPs
• Dry Swale (bioswale,
WQ swale)
• Dry water Quantity
Pond
• Wet Swale
• Retrofit Dry Water
Quantity Pond To
Extended Detention.
• Grassed Filter Strips
• Dry Extended
Detention Pond
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•
•
•
•
•
•
Bioretention
Retention (wet) Pond
Infiltration Practices
Wetland
Filters (i.e. sand filter)
Hydrodynamic
separator
• Permeable Pavement
• Grass (open) Channel
BMP Rankings
BMP
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Cost Score
Removal Score
Final Score
Street Sweeping
91
3.5
313.8
Grassed Filter Strips
91
0.7
63.1
Dry Swale (bio, WQ )
88
0.6
50.9
Catch basin clean out
91
0.4
40.4
Wetland
90
0.4
39.3
Grass (open) Channel
88
0.4
32.1
Wet Swale
88
0.4
32.1
Retention (wet) Pond
90
0.2
13.9
Dry Extended Detention Pond
84
0.2
12.9
Bioretention
80
0.1
11.2
Example
Selected BMP Options
Vacuum-Assisted Street Sweeping
Street Sweeping plus Grassed Filter Strips
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Street-Sweeping BMP
2850 acres of roadway
Or equivalent street miles of ROW
Vacuum-assisted street sweeper
Map of Roads to Sweep
Documentation
Tipping Fee Receipts
Spreadsheet
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Street-Sweeping Tabulation Sheet
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TMDLs with VDOT WLA
2013 PH. II Permit
• 23 TMDLs in MS4 areas with WLA assigned to
VDOT
Original 8 plus,
•Chickahominy R –Bacteria
•Lower Accotink Creek – Bacteria
•James R (Richmond) – Bacteria
•Neabsco Creek – Bacteria
•Difficult Run – Bacteria, Sediment
•Occoquan R – Bacteria
•Hoffler Creek – Bacteria
•Rivanna R - Bacteria, Sediment
•Hunting Cr, Cameron Run, Holmes
Run – Bacteria
•Tidal Fresh Rappahannock R –
Bacteria
•James R (Lynchburg) – Bacteria
•Tidal Four Mile Run - Bacteria
•Chesapeake Bay – Sediment, N, P
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Next Steps
Continue/Update Existing Action Plans
Develop Action Plans
14 new local TMDLs
Chesapeake Bay TMDL
Identify Outfalls, BMPs, Facilities, ROW in 2010
Census Urban Area expansions
Share data and findings w/other MS4s
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