香港職業安全衛生協會
Hong Kong Occupational Safety and Health Association
(HKOSHA)
G P O Box 7100, Central, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Tel : 2332 9210 Fax: 2770 0542
e-mail : admin@hkosha.org.hk
Home page : http://www.hkosha.org.hk
香港職業安全衛生協會
Hong Kong Occupational Safety and Health Association
Safety and Health Seminar
for
CIC Guidelines on Safety of Lift Shaft
Works (Volume 2 – During Lift
Installation Stage until Issue of
Occupation Permit and Handing Over
to Developer)
Speaker : C Y Yeung
30 March 2012
香港職業安全衛生協會
Hong Kong Occupational Safety and Health Association
Lift Installation Works
• equipment delivery and hoisting
• guide rail installation
• architrave, landing door, hall button and indicator
installation
• machine room and machine-room-less devices
installation
• electrical wiring
• assembly of cage, counterweight and roping
• adjusting and testing
香港職業安全衛生協會
Hong Kong Occupational Safety and Health Association
Lift Installation Safety Plan
• the lift installation contractor should draft the lift
installation safety plan and submit it to the planning
team for consideration. After the planning team
finalizes the plan, the plan should be signed by the
Project Manager or Site Agent of the main contractor
and properly documented by the RSO
• the type of lift (machine-room-less lift, jump lift)
• copies of lift configuration attached to the plan
• the plant & equipment of the lift installation works
• the use of bamboo or metal scaffold, guided-SWP,
platform lift or in case of jump lift, the use of a heavyduty appliance
香港職業安全衛生協會
Hong Kong Occupational Safety and Health Association
Lift Installation Safety Plan
• the position of floor openings in a lift machine room,
structural links in the ceiling of a lift shaft and
structural anchors and eye bolts for the uses of a
guided-SWP, a trimmed scaffold and independent
lifelines
• the type of a heavy-duty lifting appliance to hoist up
lift shaft platforms and machine components of a
jump lift to upper level of a lift shaft
• if a guided-SWP of a platform lift is used, the
provision of lift shaft fencing (1.8m in height across
the door openings of a lift shaft) in addition to lift
shaft protection cages specified in Figure 5 of Vol. 1
of the Guidelines
香港職業安全衛生協會
Hong Kong Occupational Safety and Health Association
Lift Installation Safety Plan
• the administration of permit-to-work systems on
hazardous trade processes such as hot work and
electric arc process
• if the building is under TOP arrangement, the
corresponding safety and protection measures
• the content, frequency, and duration of safety &
health training for lift worker
• the risk assessment report (Annex C)
• planning team should prepare a pre-work check
reference (Annex D)
• handover checklist for checking & recording the
conditions of the lift shaft (Annex E)
香港職業安全衛生協會
Hong Kong Occupational Safety and Health Association
Lift Installation Safety Plan
• workers are not allowed to work at the same time, if
unavoidable develop and implement a permit-towork system
• worker working alone should be avoided, if
impracticable sufficient communication devices such
as motion sensor should be provided in addition to
walkie-talkie
• worker inside lift shaft should be verbally
communicate with a nearby co-worker
• lift installation safety plan should be kept on site for
readily inspection
香港職業安全衛生協會
Hong Kong Occupational Safety and Health Association
A Planning Team
• site management and supervisory representatives
from the main contractor, lift installation contractor
and subcontractors including:
- Project Manager / Engineer
- Site Agent
- Registered Safety Officer (RSO)
- Site supervisory and any related personnel
• participate in the planning process and the
endorsement of the lift installation safety plan
香港職業安全衛生協會
Hong Kong Occupational Safety and Health Association
Planning of Lift Installation Works
• agree on the boundary and the portion of a lift shaft
handed over
• complete, partial or sectional handover
• subsequent management and maintenance
• the safety provisions to be handed over and
maintained by the lift installation contractor
• the handover arrangement should be properly
documented (Annex F)
香港職業安全衛生協會
Hong Kong Occupational Safety and Health Association
Planning of Lift Installation Works
• examine the types of hot work and electric arc
process carried out inside a lift shaft
• as far as practicable, hot work and electric arc works
should be avoided
• if unavoidable no lift worker and other trade worker
to work simultaneously
• adequate measure/protection to resist the spread of
fire
• temporary facility/installation including scaffoldings,
formworks, platforms, plankings and strutting etc.
should be constructed of non-combustible materials
香港職業安全衛生協會
Hong Kong Occupational Safety and Health Association
Provision and Maintenance of Temporary Works
• the lift installation contractor should not alter and cut
any members of a scaffold
• Form 5 should be displayed at ground floor entrance
• altered scaffold should be supported and reinforced
by designated anchors in accordance with the
designed requirements stipulated in the lift
installation safety plan
• check the loading capacity of a scaffold used for the
installation of a machine-room-less lift
• Machine component should be properly rigged to
avoid any sudden impact on the scaffold due to the
irregular movement
香港職業安全衛生協會
Hong Kong Occupational Safety and Health Association
Provision and Maintenance of Temporary Works
• keep all the keys and locks of lift shaft protection
cages in an orderly manner
• the keys should be released to other subcontractors
under the conditions of a permit-to-work system
• a log book to register the location of the door keys or
the person-in-charge for holding such keys
• warning notices firmly fixed and properly maintained
• Openings for landing door, emergency doors,
inspection doors and access panels properly
covered and protected to prevent any personnel or
objects falling from height
香港職業安全衛生協會
Hong Kong Occupational Safety and Health Association
Plant
• if a platform lift is used, a Registered Lift Engineer
(Lifts and Escalators (Safety) Ordinance, Cap 327)
should examine the appliance before it is put into
use (refer to the Compliance Notes on Platform Lift
issued by LD)
• a Registered Lift Engineer should examine the
assembled lift before it is used to carry lift workers
(Annex G)
• when a winch, a chain block system or similar lifting
appliance is used to convey lift components, a
Competent Lift Worker (Lifts and Escalators (Safety)
Ordinance, Cap 327) should be employed to install
anchor bolts of the appliance
香港職業安全衛生協會
Hong Kong Occupational Safety and Health Association
Equipment
• the main contractor should coordinate for the
arrangement of electrical supply (110V) , earthing,
illumination and ventilation
• the location of temporary electricity supply should be
indicated clearly on the lift installation safety plan
• the lift installation contractor should ensure
adequate illumination by 110V connected to an
isolated transformer, ventilation and effective
communication systems
• fire retarding sheet (BS 5867-2:2008 Type B) used
to prevent sparks of hot work or electric arc process
from falling onto combustible materials or
suspension/safety ropes of a guided-SWP
香港職業安全衛生協會
Hong Kong Occupational Safety and Health Association
Specific Precautions for Lift Installation
• a suitable anchorage or a tailor-made cross beam
(BSEN 795) with a retractable device provided
• rescue procedures and evacuation arrangement
• workers simultaneous working at two different levels
is strongly NOT advisable
• if a load may have effect on the permanent structure,
a TCP of grade T5 to certify the plans, design
information/justification, load bearing capacity, fixing
details and/or method statement of the anchorages
which are to be submitted to the Project RSE
• certify the completion of such works
香港職業安全衛生協會
Hong Kong Occupational Safety and Health Association
Implementation of a Permit-to-work System
• main contractor to manage and administer the
permit-to-work system
• permit-to-work system enforced on the hazardous
trade processes
- other trade workers to work inside the lift shaft
where lift workers are installing a lift
- lift workers work below a guide-SWP or a platform
lift
- lift workers work in a deep lift pit (over 2.5m deep)
- hot work or electric arc process
- lift workers work on the car top of an assembled lift
car
香港職業安全衛生協會
Hong Kong Occupational Safety and Health Association
Provision of Effective Communication System
• the planning team to develop and implement an
effective communication system which should be
clearly defined in the lift installation safety plan
• mobile phone should not be considered an effective
communication for workers working inside a lift shaft
香港職業安全衛生協會
Hong Kong Occupational Safety and Health Association
Provision of Training
• induction safety training provided by the main
contractor
• trade specific safety training including findings of the
risk assessment report, the safety procedural steps
of a method statement and the implementation of a
permit-to-work system provided by the lift installation
contractor
• green card
• not less than half day lift installation related safety
training by a lift installation contractor
• silver card – Lift Mechanic and Worker for Lift
Installation (Installation and Maintenance)
香港職業安全衛生協會
Hong Kong Occupational Safety and Health Association
Provision of PPE
• the main contractor to install 3 sets of independent
lifelines
• at least one independent lifeline located near the
door openings
• the position of lifelines defined in a lift installation
safety plan
• reflective vest provided to all workers working inside
lift shaft
香港職業安全衛生協會
Hong Kong Occupational Safety and Health Association
Special Attention to Buildings under TOP Arrangement
• fire safety, occupants’ safety and workers’ safety
maintained at all time until a full TOP issued
• for fire protection, reference made to the
requirements stipulated in the relevant CoPs
concerning fire safety issued by the Building
Authority (BA)
• safety measures specified under the TOP should be
properly covered by the lift installation safety plan
• these specific measures included in the main
contractor’s on-site induction safety training
香港職業安全衛生協會
Hong Kong Occupational Safety and Health Association
Special Attention to Buildings under TOP Arrangement
• alternations/modifications to the aforesaid safety
measures should consult planning team and confirm
by AP and finally approve by BA
• fire protection/separation under TOP arrangement is
to be altered resulting in amendment of the TOP
boundary plan, AP should seek approval from BA
prior to the commencement
• fire protection/separation should not be penetrated
by temporary supply of electricity, ventilation or the
like
• the MC, in coordination with the LIC should continue
to overall administer, manage and maintain the
temporary safety measures including fire
protection/separation under TOP arrangement
香港職業安全衛生協會
Hong Kong Occupational Safety and Health Association
Risk Management
- determine priorities
- allocate resources
香港職業安全衛生協會
Hong Kong Occupational Safety and Health Association
風險 ≠ 危害
Risk ≠ Hazard
風險評估 ≠ 危害識別
Risk Assessment ≠ Job Hazard
Analysis
香港職業安全衛生協會
Hong Kong Occupational Safety and Health Association
British Standard BS 8800:2004
Occupational Health and Safety Management
Systems
Hazard
source or situation with a potential for harm in terms
of death, ill health or injury, or a combination of these
Hazard Identification
process of recognizing that a hazard exists and
defining its characteristics
香港職業安全衛生協會
Hong Kong Occupational Safety and Health Association
Risk
combination of the likelihood and consequence(s) of
a specified hazardous event
Risk Assessment
process of identifying hazards and evaluating the
risks to health and safety arising from these hazards
taking account of the existing risk control (or, in the
case of a new activity, the proposed risk controls)
Risk Control
selection and application of suitable measures to
reduce risk
香港職業安全衛生協會
Hong Kong Occupational Safety and Health Association
Unacceptable Risk
risk that cannot be accepted whatever the level of
benefits gained from the activity giving rise to the risk
Tolerable Risk
risk at a level that can be accepted provided risk
controls are implemented to reduce risk as low as is
reasonably practicable i.e. reduced to the point where
it can be shown that the costs (in terms of time,
money and/or effort) of further risk reduction would
be disproportionate to the further benefits
香港職業安全衛生協會
Hong Kong Occupational Safety and Health Association
Aacceptable Risk
risk that is regarded as insignificant either as it
stands, or as a result of risk control
Each organization should define, according to its own
circumstances, the boundaries between levels of risk.
The level of risk should be determined as an
unacceptable risk, tolerable risk or an acceptable
risk.
香港職業安全衛生協會
Hong Kong Occupational Safety and Health Association
風險評估 (risk assessment)
Risk assessment is a process comprising
• hazard identification 危害識別
• risk assessment 風險評估
• risk control 風險控制
香港職業安全衛生協會
Hong Kong Occupational Safety and Health Association
Hazards
Physical Hazards
Chemical Hazards
Biological Hazards
Psychological Hazards
香港職業安全衛生協會
Hong Kong Occupational Safety and Health Association
Physical Hazards
• slippery or uneven ground leading to slips/falls on a
level
• work at heights, leading to falls (linked to factors such
as the distance of the fall)
• falls from height of objects such as tools or materials,
leading to impacts on passers by
• inadequate space to work, such as low headroom,
leading to head impacts
• poor ergonomics (e.g. bad posture or repetitive
work), leading to acute or chronic health effects
香港職業安全衛生協會
Hong Kong Occupational Safety and Health Association
Physical Hazards
• manual lifting/handling of materials, etc., with the
potential for back, hand and foot injuries (linked to
factors such as the characteristics of the load)
• trappings, entanglement, burns and other hazards
arising from equipment
• transport hazards, either on the road or on
premises/sites, while travelling or as a pedestrian
(linked to the speed and external features of vehicles
and the road environment
• fire and explosion (linked to the amount and nature of
flammable material)
香港職業安全衛生協會
Hong Kong Occupational Safety and Health Association
Physical Hazards
• harmful energy sources such as electricity, radiation,
noise or vibration (linked to the amount of energy
involved)
• stored energy, which can be released quickly and
cause physical harm to the body (linked to the
amount of energy)
• frequently repeated tasks, which can lead to upper
limb disorders (linked to the duration of the tasks)
• unsuitable thermal environment, which can lead to
hypothermia or heat stress
香港職業安全衛生協會
Hong Kong Occupational Safety and Health Association
Physical Hazards
• Violence to staff, leading to physical harm (linked to
the nature of the perpetrators)
• ionising radiation (from x- or gamma-ray machines or
radioactive substances)
• Non-ionising (e.g. light, magnetic, radio-waves)
香港職業安全衛生協會
Hong Kong Occupational Safety and Health Association
Chemical Hazards
• substances hazardous to health or safety due to
inhalation (such as carbon monoxide (CO) the hazard
would be liked to the amount of CO)
• contact with, or being absorbed through, the body
(such as acids the hazard would be linked to the
strength and amount of the acid)
• ingestion (i.e. entering the body via the mouth), such
as lead paint
• stored materials that degrade over time (such as
oxidizers)
• lack of oxygen
香港職業安全衛生協會
Hong Kong Occupational Safety and Health Association
Biological Hazards
• Biological agents, such as bacteria or viruses that
might be:
i) inhaled
ii) transmitted via contact with bodily fluids (including
needle-stick injuries). The hazard would be linked to
the nature of the pathogen
iii) ingested (e.g. via contaminated food products)
香港職業安全衛生協會
Hong Kong Occupational Safety and Health Association
Psychological Hazards
• excessive workload, lack of communication or
control, workplace physical environment, leading to
stress (linked to the magnitude and duration of
stressors)
• physical violence, bullying or intimidation within the
workplace, leading to stress
• involvement in a major incident, leading to post
traumatic stress. The hazard would depend on the
nature of the incident
香港職業安全衛生協會
Hong Kong Occupational Safety and Health Association
Classify work
activities
Identify
hazards
Identify risk
control
The process of risk
assessment and control
Ensure risk assessment
and controls are effective
and up-to-date
Review adequate of
action plan – confirm
whether risks are now
acceptable or tolerable
Determine
the tolerability
of the risk
香港職業安全衛生協會
Hong Kong Occupational Safety and Health Association
風險評估 (risk assessment)
風險暴露
Exposure
人、機械、產品、環境
鑑別危害，決定可接受及剩餘風險，
風險評估，減低風險
風險管理
Authority/
Responsibility
識別危害，決定風險嚴重性及可能性，
決定風險水平，決定控制及安全措施
風險評估
Assessment
評估剩餘風險
Residual Risk
可接受、減低、避免、風險轉移
評估執行
Verify
Implementation
覆檢
Review
風險記錄 Risk Register
控制及安全措施
香港職業安全衛生協會
Hong Kong Occupational Safety and Health Association
Hierarchy of Risk Control
• eliminate hazards, e.g. use of safe substance instead
of a dangerous one
• reduce the risk at source, by use of low voltage
electrical appliances, introduce machinery guards
• reduce risk via procedures and safe systems of work
• adopt personal protective equipment (PPE)
香港職業安全衛生協會
Hong Kong Occupational Safety and Health Association
風險控制 (Risk Control)
設計改變
(Design Change)
安全工程設計
(Engineered Safety Features)
最有效控制
安全裝置
(Safety Devices)
警告裝置
(Warning Devices)
程序及訓練
(Procedures and Training)
有效控制
香港職業安全衛生協會
Hong Kong Occupational Safety and Health Association
Frequency / Likelihood
香港職業安全衛生協會
Hong Kong Occupational Safety and Health Association
Severity / Consequence
香港職業安全衛生協會
Hong Kong Occupational Safety and Health Association
Risk Matirx 風險矩陣
香港職業安全衛生協會
Hong Kong Occupational Safety and Health Association
Risk Rating
香港職業安全衛生協會
Hong Kong Occupational Safety and Health Association
Priority of Safety Precautions
香港職業安全衛生協會
Hong Kong Occupational Safety and Health Association
Sample Risk Assessment
1.0 Construction works carried out inside lift
shaft before handover
2.0 Lift installation
3.0 Partial handover of lift shaft under TOP
香港職業安全衛生協會
Hong Kong Occupational Safety and Health Association
Sample Risk Assessment
香港職業安全衛生協會
Hong Kong Occupational Safety and Health Association
Sample Risk Assessment
香港職業安全衛生協會
Hong Kong Occupational Safety and Health Association
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