Summary of Presentation
 MYT framework –A Brief
Understanding
 Drafting a petition and procedures to
be followed by SERC & DISCOMs.
MYT – A Brief Understanding
 MYT Principles & Background
 MYT concept
 Need for MYT
 MYT Benefits to Stakeholders
 MYT Framework
MYT Principles & Background
Traditionally, tariff regulation in India was managed by the owners
of the system, i.e. State Governments
State Governments played the all-encompassing role of policymaker, owner, operator and regulator
GoI enacted the Electricity Regulatory Commissions Act, 1998 (ERC
Act)
– Aim was to provide an independent regulatory regime
– Central Electricity Regulatory Commission (CERC) and a
number of State Electricity Regulatory Commissions were
established
As per the EA 2003, the SERCs have to formulate new tariff
guidelines for tariff determination and they have been mandated to
develop the same keeping the Multi-Year Tariff (MYT) Principles in
mind
MYT concept
The pre-existing annual filing of expected revenues and expenditure was done and
the Commission has to either approve the tariff proposed by the licensee or
provide an alternative tariff.
The earlier system of annual determination was too flexible, giving considerable
freedom, and leading to arbitrary decision-making. MYT system was introduced as
the answer to make the tariff-setting exercise more predictable.
MYT is a system where the tariff determination is done for a number of years, in
one exercise.
The concept of MYT can mean several things, such as prescribing the actual
numbers or adhering to certain specific benchmarks.
It could also involve broader principles that will prevail for a number of years,
covering, at one end, the principles that will govern the input costs of a utility and
at the other end, the output prices of the utility.
These two can be linked, as the quantum of revenue to be allowed is linked to
the quantum of costs to be allowed.
Need for MYT
The electricity business has certain characteristics that make it imperative
to remove regulatory uncertainty:
– capital-intensive infrastructure requiring large investments made in
anticipation of demand.
– Licensees need to raise large funds to build / renovate networks and contract
generation, which becomes difficult if future income is risky and
unpredictable.
– Electricity generation and consumption happen together. There is no storage –
so licensees have to build or contract capacity to meet peak demand (used only
for a short period) of consumers, maintain a reserve for system reliability, and
import from other states if availability at any instance is insufficient to meet
requirements
– Licensees are subject to universal service obligation, which mandates them to
supply to all consumers irrespective of market conditions.
– Also, licensees cannot directly control how much or when electricity will be
consumed.
Need for MYT
The cost of this uncertainty and risk falls on the licensees and ultimately on the
consumers. However, it is becoming increasingly important to mitigate this
uncertainty.
Distribution companies (DISCOMs) need a large amount of capital to expand their
networks, reduce the Aggregate Transmission and Commercial (AT&C) losses and
also improve the quality of supply. Their ability to do so could however be adversely
affected if there is any regulatory uncertainty that has a bearing on their future
income.
Thus, some income predictability needs to be provided over a certain timeframe
(three to five years) for a DISCOM to plan effectively.
MYT Benefits to Stakeholders
Investor:
– Some degree of predictability
– Also, may reduce the need for frequent tariff filings by the licensee(s), which
would lead to reduced administrative costs.
Consumer:
– Multi-year tariffs based on improvement in performance have a tendency to
instil in the utility a sense of efficiency.
– In a well-designed MYT based tariff system, the constant endeavour by the
utility to improve operational efficiency can be expected to reduce tariffs.
Utilities would have to provide better customer service or face penalties to be
paid to customers.
Regulator:
– The multi-year tariff introduces a stretched out regulatory lag, which reduces
the necessity for rigid regulatory command and control very frequently.
MYT Framework
 MYT framework lists out the general principles that will provide regulatory
certainty in determining retail tariffs.
 Expected to provide predictability in the tariff regime and of regulating
outcomes as compared to the present ARR process
 MYT Principles will be applied for determination of Annual Revenue
Requirement of the Discoms for a specified duration viz. the Control Period
 Under MYT, performance targets would be set for items that are considered
‘controllable’ or ‘manageable’ by the Discoms
MYT Framework
The “controllable” items as identified by various ERCs
include:
 Consumer Sales
 System Losses
 Network Costs
 Investment Plan
 Financing cost (for the above mentioned Investment Plan)
 Quality of Supply and Customer Service Standards
Profitability neither guaranteed nor capped, but dependent
on performance. Profit in excess of normative returns
achieved by means of higher efficiency, growth etc shall be
shared with consumers through rebates
Standards of quality for supply and customer service is to be
monitored and penalties for falling short is also introduced.
MYT Framework
Discoms will not have to bear the burden of items that are
considered “uncontrollable”. The consequent financial gain or loss
will be adjusted in the revenue requirement :
– vagaries of nature
– changes in the laws of the land
– judicial pronouncements
– Government policies
– fuel costs, costs on account of inflation, taxes and cess etc
Discoms will need to ensure adequate investments in the
business for asset creation and working capital, and will be fully
compensated for it in the revenue requirement
MYT Framework
MYT aims at incentivising DISCOMs to improve
performance
Presently, all surplus generated by the DISCOM is utilised
by the state for the sector as a whole
With MYT
 30% surplus may be retained by the company
 30% may go to a common pool
 Remaining may go to a reserve fund, to be utilised by the
DISCOMs when required
How to draft a Petition?
 Regulatory Provisions
 Cost element of ARR
 Demand & Financial assumptions
 Initiation of Tariff Filing Process
 Truing Up Procedure for Previous Year
 Tariff Determination of Ensuing Year
 Filing of Petition to the Hon’ble GERC
 Issuance of Public Notice
 Inviting Public Objections
 Public Hearing held by GERC on Tariff Petition
 Issuance of Tariff Order by GERC
Regulatory Provisions
 ARR is the Revenue Required by an Utility to meet all the expenses to carry on
the business in a year and to earn a reasonable return on equity;
 SERCs to decide tariff for generation, supply, transmission and wheeling of
electricity;
 SERCs to Regulate electricity purchase and procurement process of distribution
licensees;
 SERCs to Regulate Intra-state transmission and wheeling of electricity;
 SERCs to Promote cogeneration and renewable energy;
 SERCs to Specify and enforce Standards of Performance;
 SERCs to Fix trading margin;
 Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission (Multi Year Tariff) Regulations, 2011
(hereinafter referred to as the “MYT Regulations”) were notified by the
Commission on 22nd March 2011; which supersede the “Gujarat Electricity
Regulatory Commission (Terms and Conditions of Tariff) Regulations, 2005”
and “Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission (Multi Year Tariff Framework)
Regulations, 2007”
 The provision under the Distribution Tariff Regulations requires the licensees
to submit their ARR / Tariff petitions latest by 30th November each year to be
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made applicable for the subsequent financial year
Cost elements of ARR
 ARR is the Revenue Required by an Utility to meet all the expenses to carry on
the business in a year and to earn a reasonable return on equity;
 Power Purchase Cost
 Operation and Maintenance Cost
 Interest & Finance charges
 Interest on Working capital
 Depreciation
 Return on equity
 Other Expenditures



Provision for bad and doubtful debts
Provision for contingency reserves
Prior period adjustments/ power purchase arrears
 Income Tax Provision
 The tariff may undergo a change depending upon the approval of ARR by the
Commission
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Distribution Companies – Demand Projections
• Sales for FY 2011-12 estimated based on:
–
–
–
–
–
Five Year CAGR Growth considered;
Necessary smoothening of growth considered in
abnormal cases
Higher Growth assumed in Residential &
Commercial Categories
Growth in Agriculture consumers on account of
release of new connections
Norm for computation of consumption of new
metered
agriculture
connection
1200
Units/HP/Annum
Sales
Tariff Category
DGVCL MGVCL PGVCL UGVCL
Low Tension Consumers
Residential
11.00% 10.07% 9.40% 10.09%
Commercial
11.00% 13.14% 13.37% 15.25%
Industrial LT
6.00% 7.23% 6.95% 5.08%
Public Water Works
9.00% 9.19% 9.62% 6.73%
Agriculture
Street Light
6.00% 6.42% 7.56% 5.22%
LT Total
8.30% 8.60% 6.60% 6.33%
High Tension Consumers
Industrial HT
5.00% 9.06% 3.33% 16.99%
Railway Traction
4.00% 7.71% 0.00% 2.20%
HT Total
4.93% 8.83% 17.81% 16.90%
TOTAL
6.95% 8.69% 9.36% 8.36%
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No. of Consumers
Tariff Category
DGVCL MGVCL
Low Tension Consumers
Residential
7.50% 6.97%
Commercial
5.00% 3.14%
Industrial LT
4.75% 4.00%
Public Water Works
17.00% 6.33%
Agriculture
Street Light
6.50% 7.76%
LT Total
7.25% 6.44%
High Tension Consumers
Industrial HT
6.00% 7.90%
Railway Traction
0.00% 0.00%
HT Total
5.99% 7.85%
TOTAL
7.25% 6.45%
Connected Load
Tariff Category
DGVCL MGVCL
Low Tension Consumers
Residential
12.00% 8.73%
Commercial
12.00% 9.43%
Industrial LT
5.00% 6.56%
Public Water Works
4.00% 2.79%
Agriculture
Street Light
2.00% 7.00%
LT Total
8.96% 8.55%
High Tension Consumers
Industrial HT
10.00% 9.65%
Railway Traction
2.00% 3.83%
HT Total
9.66% 8.97%
TOTAL
9.16% 8.63%
PGVCL UGVCL
4.47%
4.52%
2.87%
2.40%
7.33%
5.84%
5.39%
5.50%
4.70%
4.56%
6.99%
6.62%
11.19%
0.00%
13.67%
4.57%
9.75%
0.00%
9.74%
6.62%
PGVCL UGVCL
17.42% 13.01%
18.09% 19.59%
6.48% 4.53%
1.89% 6.19%
13.10% 13.98%
10.48% 6.93%
3.38% 14.04%
0.00% 0.00%
19.75% 13.94%
11.78% 7.77%
Financial Assumptions (FY 2011-12 to 2015-16) as per
GERC MYT Regulations, 2011
– O&M Cost
• Average of the O&M expense of FY 2007-08,2008-09 & 2009-10 is taken. Considering this average as
O&M expense for FY 2008-09, an escalation of 4% given till FY 2011-12 & then further escalated by
5.72% for rest of the MYT period
– Depreciation – Based on new CERC Rates (5.23% - 5.28%): Weighted average depreciation rates
of the Discoms
– Interest on Loans
• Opening loan for FY 2009-10 is considered as approved by Commission
• Existing Loans – Actual Interest Rate for FY 2009-10
• New Loans – 10.50%
– Repayments of Loans – depreciation allowed for that year
– Return on Equity – 14%
– Interest on Working Capital – 11.75% (SBAR as on 1st April 2011)
– Receivables equivalent to one month of revenue
– Debt : Equity Ratio – 70:30
– Provision for Doubtful Debts – 0.2% of Revenue
– Tax on Income: As per the actual of FY 2009-10
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Treatment to meet revenue gap
The difference between ARR and revenue would be met by:
 Tariff increase
 Subsidy from state government
 Increasing the efficiency of the utility – by reduction of distribution loss,
targets based on utility plans including CAPEX
 Efficiency norms
 Billing & collection
 Level of arrears
 Quality of service
 Enhancement in operational efficiencies
 Effective demand supply management (DSM)
 Savings in power procurement
 Regulatory asset
 Revolving bank guarantee from financial institutions
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Rationalization of Tariff Structure
 Tariff Philosophy shall be guided by Sec 61 (g) of the Electricity Act as well as Clause 8.5.1
of the National Tariff Policy which necessitates movement of Tariff Structure towards
Cost of Supply; tariff should be within +_ 20 % of the Average Cost of Supply
 Major Constraints for achieving this end are:

Legacy Tariff, Consumer Mix and Paying Capacity of subsidised consumer categories;
 Approach of a gradual reduction in Cross Subsidy, which is an important feature in the
Electricity Act, 03 and the Tariff Policy has to be undertaken;
 Suitable merger of categories and sub categories may be done to evolve a simple,
comprehensible and logical tariff structure;
 Provision of peak and off peak, load factor rebate, power factor rebate are an important
tool;
 Seasonal and time differentiated tariff would help in aligning revenue and cost structure.
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Tariff determination methodology
Scrutiny of the
petition
Clarifications /
additional data
Public Hearing
Process
Tariff
alternatives &
its Implication
Revenue
Determination
Determination
of ARR
Tariff Design
Issue of tariff
Order
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Initiation of Tariff Filing Process
 The Hon’ble GERC vide tariff order dated 6th September




2011, determined ARR for entire second control period (FY
2011-12 to FY 2015-16).
As per MYT Regulations 2011, Tariff Filing should be done
each year for the entire second control period.
The Tariff Petition should include true-up of previous year
( say FY 2010-11) and tariff determination for ensuing year
(FY 2012-13).
In accordance with the same Licensee has to initiate the
procedure for tariff filing each year.
Licensee is required to collect required relevant data from
all its sources in order to correctly execute the tariff filing
process.
Truing Up Procedure for Previous
Year
 Truing Up means comparison of expenses incurred as per Audited





Accounts with that of Approved ARR in order to find Revenue Gap if
any which needs to be adjusted in tariff of subsequent year.
Based on the nature of the expense, MYT Regulations have defined a
particular expense as either Controllable or Un-Controllable.
Controllable Expenses are such which are within the scope of the
Licensee, whereas Un-Controllable Expenses are beyond the control of
the Licensee
As per MYT Regulations, 1/3rd of the Controllable Expenses are to be
shared with the Consumer while 2/3rd is to be retained by the Licensee.
Uncontrollable Expenses are entirely pass through to the consumers
without any sharing mechanism.
With the above said calculation, Licensee has the determine the
Revenue Gap for that particular year.
Tariff Determination for Ensuing
Year
 The Hon’ble GERC has determined ARR for the entire
second control period and therefore the Licensee has
to adhere to this ARR till FY 2015-16.
 However the Licensee can file for tariff revision every
year during the second control period based on the
truing up process.
 The Licensee can revise the tariff for the ensuing year
based on the revenue gap determined by the truing up
process.
 Similar Procedure can be followed by the Licensee
each year during the second control period.
Filing of Petition to Hon’ble GERC
 The petition with full details of the calculation
showing truing up of previous year and tariff of
following year, is the be filed before the Hon’ble GERC
by 30th November of each financial year.
 The Licensee is also require to file other relevant
information along with the petition and supporting
documents like the Audited Accounts for the previous
year.
 The Licensee has to also make payment to the Hon’ble
GERC as petition fees as specified in the MYT
Regulations.
Issuance of Public Notice
 The Licensee has to issue public notice within seven
days of the acceptance letter issued by the Hon’ble
GERC.
 The public notice is an advertisement or brief note on
the petition filed by the Licensee.
 The format of the public notice to be issued needs to
be approved by the Hon’ble GERC
 The public notice is to be published in at least 2 daily
newspapers, one in English and one in local language.
Inviting Public Objections
 Through the Public Notice, the Licensee is required to
invite public objections on the petition filed.
 The Licensee has to also make a summary of the entire
petition and make it available to the public on
demand.
 The Licensee has to allow a time period of 30 days to
the public for suggestions/objections to approach
them.
Public Hearing held by GERC on
Tariff Petition
 The Hon’ble GERC issues a notice to the Licensee on schedule of public






hearing.
Public Hearing can be held by GERC once the period of 30 days given
by Licensee for inviting public objections is over.
The Licensee is legally responsible for giving replies to the public
objections raised, before the schedule of the public hearing.
The general public has the right to be present at the public hearing and
can directly question the management of the licensee present at the
hearing.
They can also raised questions/doubts based on the replies made by
the licensee during the allotted time slot.
The Management of the Licensee is responsible to satisfactorily
respond to these queries.
The Hon’ble Commission has a right to hold the public hearing once
again if it feels that appropriate objections were not raised.
Issuance of Tariff Order
 As per MYT Regulations, the Hon’ble Commission has to
come up with the tariff order for the coming year within 120
days of the filing of the petition by the Licensee.
 During the period, the Licensee is free to file additional
information or addendum to the petition, if the Licensee
feels the need to do so.
 The Licensee is also liable to produce any
document/information before the Hon’ble GERC on
demand.
 After in depth understanding, analysis, authentication and
scrutiny of the data submitted and adhering to the scope of
the Regulation the Hon’ble GERC comes up with the tariff
order for the Licensee.
Mechanism to monitor Implementation of Tariff Order
 Process / Systems
Development of a Regulatory Information
Management System (RIMS) database to keep a
check on the various performance parameters and
to assist the compliance of the regulations;
 By benchmarking the processes
AS-IS process mapping;
Business Process Re-engineering;
 Designing a Monitoring and Evaluation Plan for
various;
 Asking the utility to use advance IT/ MIS enabled
tools for better & efficient monitoring;

 Meetings/ Workshops
Organizing and conducting an Annual / Half
yearly meetings & Knowledge sharing workshops;
 Quarterly meetings (official/unofficial) could be
arranged;
Process/
Systems
Committee

 Co-ordination Committee
A monitoring committee could be formed
comprising of a nodal officer from the
Commission and from each licensee’s side;
 Various Directives/ issues such as Short term
power purchase/ Fuel Adjustment charge can be
discussed;

Meetings/
Workshops
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Other Critical Elements of ARR process
Collection
Efficiency
Unmetered
consumption
Distribution
Losses
4/7/2015
Thefts
Depreciation
& Loan
repayment
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UGVCL- Awarded Gold Shield for FY 2010-11
 Awarded with Gold Shield for FY 2010-11.