5th Grade
Chapter 3 Notes Continued
Respiratory, Digestive and Urinary
systems
Respiratory System
Mucus
• ____________
is a sticky, thick fluid that traps
dust, germs, and other things that may be in the
air.
• 1. Air enters through the _______or
________.
nose
mouth
• 2. __________warm
and moisten the air.
Sinuses
• 3. With its hairs and layer of ________,
the nose
Mucus
traps dust and germs.
• 4. Air passes from the sinus to the back of the
throat and into the _________.
Larynx
Vocal Cords
• 5. The larynx contains the ______________.
How Air Travels into and Through your
Body Continued
• 6. Trachea
___________ is a tube that carries air from
the larynx to the lungs.
• 7. The trachea leads to two branches called
Bronchi
Lungs
___________that
go into the _______.
• 8. In the lungs, these tubes branch into
bronchioles
smaller and smaller tubes called__________.
Asthma
___________is
a disease in which these tubes
may become narrowed. This prevents air from
easily traveling through the lungs.
How Air Travels into and Through your
Body Continued
• 9. The bronchioles end in clusters of tiny thinwalled pouches or ________
in the lungs Air sacs
oxygen enters the blood and carbon dioxide
leaves the blood. Air sacs are also called
alveoli
_______.
diaphragm
• 10. The _________is
a dome-shaped muscle
that forms the bottom of the chest area muscle _________it
moves _______
and gets
muscle
down
flatter
_______.
Cilia
• _______are
tiny, hairlike
Cilia
structures on cells in the
linings of many parts of
the respiratory system,
such as the trachea.
- Cilia help clean air by
waving
__________
very rapidly - pushes dirty
__________
out of the _________
mucuc
Lungs
to the _________,
where it is
Throat
swallowed.
Respiratory and Circulatory Systems
Working Together
• Respiratory and circulatory systems work
oxygen to the cells.
together to get ________
• The respiratory system gets the oxygen to tiny
Air sacs inside your ______.
lungs
________
• The _______picks
up the oxygen there and
blood
cells
carries it to all your _____.
• In the _______:
Air sacs
– __________
leaves the lungs and enters the blood.
oxygen
Carbon dioxide leaves the blood and enters the
– _______________
lungs.
Output / Input
• Output of one system is the input of the other
system.
• Several systems working together to make
sure your cells get oxygen - EXAMPLE
Carbon dioxide
When you hold your breath, ____________
brain
builds up in your blood. Your _______
can
sense this. Your brain sends a message to the
____________
and rib _________
telling them
diaphragm
muscles
to _________..
breathe
Digestive System
changed
• Food has to be ___________
before your cells
can use it - broken down into very small
materials.
blood
• Then the food can enter the __________
to
get to your ________.
cells
organs
• Digestion takes many ________
working
together. Each organ has __________
that
structures
help it do its part of the job.
Mouth and Esophagus
chewing
• _____________
is the first step of digestion makes food small enough to swallow, and it
makes
the job of the rest of the digestive system easier.
esophagus
• The ____________
is a tube that carries food to
the stomach - pushes food to the stomach by
muscles
squeezing its rings of __________
in a pattern.
• Food travels through the esophagus to the
stomach in about two or three ___________.
seconds
Stomach
• ___________
stomach - At the bottom of your esophagus - a tight
round muscle.
• When you swallow, this muscle relaxes and opens to let
food into your stomach. Then the muscle closes to keep the
food from moving back into your esophagus.
stretch to store all the food from a
• Stomach's walls can _______
meal.
• The stomach produces ________
fluids that help to digest foods.
squeeze
• As strong muscles in the stomach's walls __________,
these fluids mix with the food.
• After the food becomes a soupy _________,
it is ready to
paste
leave your stomach.
Intestines
• The stomach squeezes the partly digested food into a
Small Intestine
narrow, winding tube called the _____________
Liver
pancreas
• __________
and _____________are
organs that send
chemicals to your small intestine to help digest food.
• When digestion is finished, the particles of digested
food can move into ________________
that are in the
Blood vessels
walls of your intestine.
• Tiny finger-shaped structures called _________are
villi
found all over the inside walls of the small intestine.
Surface area
• Villi give the small intestine more ______________
to
absorb food.
Large Intestine
• At the end of the ________________,
some food
Small intestine
that cannot be digested remains.
• This food waste moves to a wider tube called the
Large intestine - also known as the ______.
colon
______________
Helpful bacteria live here.
water
• The large intestine takes _________
and
_______from
the wastes making the waste more
salts
solid.
• Finally, muscles squeeze to push the ________
waste
out of the body.
Urinary System
• ___________________
- rid the body of wastes that are in
Urinary system
the blood.
• ______________
are a pair of organs that remove wastes
kidneys
from your blood. They are on either side of your
____________,
just under your lowest ribs.
backbone
• When wastes are filtered out of the blood, many other
materials also leave the blood - water, salt, calcium,
nutrients, and other chemicals your body needs.
• The ____________
has to put the right amount of these
kidney
materials back into the blood to keep the body healthy.
• Kidneys help keep the amounts of these materials from
regulates
getting too high or too low - ____________
Urine
• Mix of wastes and water is urine
___________.
• A tube
_________ carries urine away from the kidneys
to the _______________.
Urinary bladder
bladder
• ____________stores
urine until it leaves the
body.
• The kidneys are not the only organs that get rid of
cells’ wastes.
– _______________
Carbon dioxide is a waste product removed by the
lungs.
– ______________Sweat Glands also release a small amount of cells’
wastes in sweat.