Raldi Hendro Koestoer ralkoest@yahoo.co.uk
Consultative Workshop on Measuring Progress in Post 2015 Development Frameworks
United Nations Office for Sustainable Development
10-11 December 2013, Incheon, South Korea

I.
Challenged Issues in Mega Urban Jakarta.
II.
MP3EI towards a Green Plan.
III.
Urban Environmental Approaches in Review.
IV.
Proxy SDG Indicators and Spatial Land-use of Mega
Urban Jakarta
V.
Concluding Remarks.

1.
What Spatial Issues Challenged by Mega Urban
Jakarta
2.
What Constraints Framed for Mega Urban
Jakarta
3.
How the Regions Survive to Achieve Green
Development (SDGs)


Mega Urban Jakarta is one of the metropolitan areas in
SEA
-> consisting of Jakarta, Bogor, Depok, Tangerang dan Bekasi abbreaviated as Jabodetabek, known as Desakota Region

Population for the Mega Urban Jakarta (Jabodetabek) is around 27.9m people, with the area of 6,872 sq. Km.
-> ranked at the 4th in the World largest Mega Urban regions.

Jabodetabek is concentrated by 11,76% of the total
Population for Indonesia
-> covering 18% of the national economic business circulations.

1. Over Populated -> Slum Area
2. Distribution of Flood Vulnerability
3. Traffic Congestion -> Traffic Jam &
Highly Polluted
Condition
4. Poor Sanitation -> Deteriorating
Health Condition
5. Land Utilitation -> Variety of
Landuses

(MP3EI

(T RIPLE B OTTOM LINE -S USTAINABLE D EVELOPMENT )

for Indonesia
1. Pro Growth
2. Pro Job
3. Pro Poor
4. Pro Environment

Framework Approach MP3EI
Indonesia
Vision 2025 “To create a self-sufficient, Advance, Just and Prosperous Indonesia”
Strategic
Initiatives
1.
Encourage a large scale investment realization in 22 main economic activities
2.
Synchronization of national action plan to revitalize the real sector performance
3.
The development of center of excellence in 6 (six) economic corridors
Main Strategy
1.
Developing economic corridors Indonesia
• Development of growth centers in each corridor with the development of industrial clusters and special economic region based on commodity resources
2.
Strengthening
National Connectivity
• Connectivity and intra-and inter-center growth in economic corridors
• Connectivity between corridor / island
• International connectivity
Basic
Principles
3.
Strengthening national human resources capability and science and technology
• Science & Technology
Capacity Building
(Green Techno-
Economy)
Basic Principles for economic development acceleration and expansion

INVESTMENT POLICY :
Main Downstreamings
Industries in MP3EI Sunda
Straits
Strategic Area
Machinary
& Tools
The development is integrated in 6 economic corridors
Greater
Jakarta
Animal
Husbandry
Food
Estate
ICT Shipping
Textile
22 MAIN
ECONOMIC
ACTIVITIES
Tourism
Food/Beverage
Steel
Defence
Equipment
Cacao
Palm Oil
Fishery
Bauxite
Copper
Nickel
Coal
Oil &
Gas
Woods
Rubber

Development Themes in Six Economic Corridors





Development of low carbon economies;
Shift to renewables and energy efficiency economies;
Sustainability development, strengthening Public
Services, and enhancing local capacity;
Socio-Economic Welfare as the first priority.
(UNEP, 2013)


Green growth means fostering economic growth and development while ensuring that natural assets continue to provide the resources and environmental services on which our well-being relies.

The basic principles of “Green Growth” :
◦ Quality of economic growth
◦ Eco-efficiency of economic growth
◦ Environmental sustainability vis-à-vis environmental performance
(UNEP, 2013)

 as work in agricultural, manufacturing, research and development (R&D), administrative, and service activities that contribute substantially to preserving or restoring environmental quality.

Specifically, but not exclusively, this includes jobs that help to protect ecosystems and biodiversity; reduce energy, materials, and water consumption through highefficiency strategies; de-carbonize the economy; and minimize or altogether avoid generation of all forms of waste and pollution
(ILO-UNEP, 2013)

The extent to which green economy activities and technologies increase the demand for existing occupations, shape the work and worker requirements needed for occupational performance, or generate unique work and worker requirement.
Green increased demand occupations
Green enhanced skills occupations
Green new and emerging occupations
More precisely green jobs are decent jobs that:
– Reduce consumption of energy and raw materials
– Limit GHG emissions
– Minimize waste and pollution
– Protect and restore ecosystems
(ILO-UNEP, 2013)


Urban Social-Economic Attractiveness affects the flow of migration from the hinterland.

One major trigger increased Urbanised trend is a trade off b/w rural land productivity and industrialization;
 while investment on infrastructure induced the process.

Urban Area is occupied by 30% of the total Population:
-> Around 3,3m people estimated increase to 5m people by 2030 (UN-HABITAT, 2009)


Environment (Ecology)

Socio-Economy (Employment)

Equity

Engagement

Energy
(Ananda, 2013)

Environmentally friendly city with effectively and efficiently utilize water resources and energy, reducing waste, implementing an integrated transport system, ensure environmental health, environmental synergy between natural and artificial, based urban planning and design in favor of the principles of sustainable development ( www.unep.org/wed ).
(Ananda, 2013)






Integrated Components of Natural and Built Urban
Environment
Eco-efficient and Optimal Utilizations of Urban Resources
Reduced Carbon Emission
Recycled Waste
Reducing Resources Use based on the hinterland
8 Components for Ecological Mega Urban Jabodetabek:
• Land-Use
• Transportation
• Built Environment
• Green Open Space
• Waste and Water-ways Network Management
• Energy System
• Hidrology
• Air and Solar System
(Ananda, 2013)

(Ananda, 2013)















Ecological Footprint
Barometer of Sustainability
Quality of Life Assessment
Ecosystem Health Assessment
Natural Resource Availability
Sustainable Carrying Capacity Assessment (SCCA)
Environmental Sustainability Index (ESI)
Sustainable Development Indicator (SDI)
Ecological Footprint-Biocapacity Accounting (EF-BC
Accounting)
Methods of Water and Land Resources Accounting
Methods of Comparative Resources on Supply-Demand
Methods Multi-dimentional Scalling (MDS)
Environmental Performance Index (EPI)
Sustainable Performance Index (SPI) (Ananda, 2013)

(H asibuan, 2013)

(H asibuan, 2013)

(H asibuan, 2013)

1. Mega Urban Jakarta as a
Dynamics
Desakota Region is remarkably
->Not only Population increased but also degrading quality of Landuse and environment emerged
2. MP3EI is a driving factor influencing the Mega Urban
Environment
3. Eco-Mega Urban Management has to be promoted strongly
->Indicators for SDGs should consider Econ. Productivity, Ecol.
Sustainability, Social Justice, Political will and Cultural Vibrancy
4. Reviews on Eco-socecon Mega Urban Methods would assist to appropriate indicators for SDGs of Mega Urban
Jakarta