Bell Ringer
Which line is the predator? Which line is the
prey? What happens to the predator
population when the prey population
decreases? What causes the prey population to
decrease?
T-Chart
Main Idea
Predator-Prey Relationship
-If prey population decreases then
predator population decreases
My Details
Chapter 6
Humans in the Biosphere
The Effect of Human
Activity
 Humans affect global environments through:
 Agriculture
 Development
 Industry
 Resources that are affected:
 Soil
 Water
 Atmosphere
Agriculture
 One of the most important inventions in human
history
 Encouraged the growth of modern civilizations
 Monoculture- planting the same crop in the same
spot year after year.
 Negatives:
 Use of water, soil, and fossil fuels
Development
 Americans live in dense populated urban areas
 Too crowded  Developed Suburbs
 More People = More Waste
 Negatives:
 Consumes farmlands, destroys natural habitats
 Waste affects air, water, and soil
Industrial Growth
 Inspired by the Industrial Revolution of the 1800s
 Needed to provide the United States with up to date
technology
 Negatives:
 Requires A LOT of energy
 Industries have traditionally discarded wastes directly
into the air, water, soil
Sustainable Development
 Sustainable Development- provides for human
needs while preserving the ecosystems that produce
natural resources
 Should do more than just enable people to survive, it
should help them improve their situation.
 Examples: Solar Power, Wind Energy, Etc.
Renewable and
Nonrenewable Resources
 Renewable Resources- can be produced or replaced
by a healthy ecosystem
 Example: white pine tree, can grow back after being cut
down
 Nonrenewable Resources- Natural processes can
not replenish them in a reasonable amount of time.
 Example: Fossil fuels take millions of years to renew
Class Assignment
 Silently, list how humans are
affecting the south shore or
greater Chicago area
environment. Give an example
of each.
Closure
 Write the conclusion section for our
class MEL-Con. Generate 2 ideas for
sustainable development and how it
might help solve the problems that we
listed earlier.
Bell Ringer
 What three human activities
have transformed the
biosphere?
 USE YOUR NOTES
6.1 Review
 3 human affectivities that affect biosphere:
 Agriculture- Farming
 Development-Urbanization, creating suburbs
 Industrial Growth-Factories, mass production
 Resources that are affected:
 Soil
 Water
 Atmosphere
6.2 Using Resources Wisely
 Key Questions:
 Why is soil important, and how
do we protect it?
 What are the primary sources of
water pollution?
 What are the major forms of air
pollution?
Soil Resources
 Soil Erosion-removal of soil by water or wind
 Dust Bowl
 Desertification- Process of farmland turning into
desert
 Causes:
 Farming, overgrazing, drought, and climate change
Soil Resources
 Deforestation-Loss of
forests
 Leads to severe soil
erosion
 Trees help keep the soil
in place, absorb carbon
dioxide, and protects
fresh water supplies
 Over half the worlds
old-growth forest have
been lost to
deforestation
Soil Resources
 How can we protect our soil?
Freshwater Resources
 Humans depend on fresh water for:





Drinking water
Industry
Transportation
Energy
Waste disposal
Water Pollution
 Pollutant-a harmful material that can enter the
biosphere
 Point source pollution-enters from single source
 Example: Oil spill or factory
 Nonpoint source pollution: enters from many
sources
 Example: Run-off from the road or chemicals released
into the air by cars and factories
Main Sources of Pollution
 Industrial and agriculture
chemicals
 Residential sewage
 Nonpoint sources
Biological Magnification
 Occurs when a pollutant,
such as DDT, is picked up by
an organism and is not
broken down or eliminated
from its body.
 Travels through the energy
pyramid
Water Pollution
 What are the primary sources of
water pollution?
 How can we stop water pollution?
Class Assignment
 By yourself, work on the chapter
6.2 handout
Class Activity
 Individually, list a couple
human activities that affect the
south shore community
environment.
Class Activity
 As a group, discuss the factors that
you just listed. Group every factor
into categories.
Bell Ringer
 List two ways to prevent soil
erosion.
 List 2 ways to reduce water
pollution.
 USE YOUR NOTES
6.2 Continued
 What are the major forms of air
pollution?
Atmospheric Resources
 Atmosphere
 Absorbs harmful ultraviolet radiation
 Provides oxygen
 Regulates global temperature (without
greenhouse effect, earth would be 30
degrees Celsius cooler)
Air Pollution
 Common forms of air pollution are:
 Smog
 Acid rain
 Greenhouse gases
Air Pollution
 Smog- Gray-brown haze formed by
chemical reactions among pollutants
released into the air
Acid Rain
 Acid Rain
 Caused by releasing nitrogen and sulfur into
air
 Combine to form nitric and sulfuric acid
 Can kill plants
 Can change composition of soil
Greenhouse Gases
 Come from:



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
Cars
Cows
Industry
Homes
Agriculture
 Definition- Carbon gases that are released
into the atmosphere that contribute to global
warming and climate change
Class Assignment
Pg. 182 #1-7
Bell Ringer
 Get your notes out and study
for the 6.1 and 6.2 vocabulary
quiz.
(5 minutes)
Corners Activities
 After hearing the statement read by
your teacher, please walk respectfully
to the corner that you agree with most:
Strongly Agree, Agree, Disagree,
Strongly Disagree
Statement #1
 The laws against trading ivory should
be lifted. This will improve the global
economy and get the United States out
of this recession.
Statement #2
 Crops are needed in order for
humans to survive. Even though
growing crops can cause soil
erosion and hurt natural habitats,
humans should continue to grow
crops because they are needed to
help humans survive.
Statement #3
 Humans are the main reason why
some natural habitats are no
longer able to support the plant
and animal populations that were
once in that natural habitat.
Biodiversity
 Biodiversity- total of all the genetically
based variation in all organisms in the
biosphere.
Types of Biodiversity
 Ecosystem diversity- variety of habitats,
communities, and ecological processes
 Species diversity- number of different
species in the biosphere, or in a particular
area.
 Genetic Diversity- sum total of all different
forms of genetic information carried by a
particular species
Threats to Biodiversity
 Five threats:
 Altered Habitats- habitats eliminated for urban or
agriculture reasons
 Habitat Fragmentation-development causes
habitats to split
 Hunting and the Demand for Wildlife ProductsCauses extinction
 Introduced Species Example- Asian Carp
 Pollution
 Example- DDT (Biological Magnification)
 Climate Change
Conserving Biodiversity
 Ecological hot spot- place where significant
numbers of species and habitats are in
immediate danger of extinction.
Class Assignment
 Complete the 6.3 worksheet
 Use your textbook and notes
Bell Ringer
 What are the five major threats to
biodiversity? (Use your notes)
 Who is responsible for these
threats on biodiversity?
Homework Review
 Take out your chapter 6.3
worksheet for review
Causes
 Deforestation
 Air Pollution
 Water Pollution
 Development
 Industrial Growth
Bell Ringer
 Explain why a paper company
would say that deforestation is not
as bad as people make it out to be.
 At least 3 sentences
 Use “Lorax” notes/worksheet
Chapter 6.4 Key Questions
 How does the average ecological
footprint in America compare to
world’s average?
 How can ecology guide us toward a
sustainable future?
Ecological Footprints
 Ecological Footprint-total amount of
functioning ecosystem needed to both
provide the resources a human
population uses, and to absorb the
wastes that population generates
Calculating Eco-Footprint
 There is no universal method of
measuring ecological footprints
 Makes calculating footprints very
difficult
Calculating Ecological
Footprints
 Footprint Calculator
Comparing Footprints
 According to the diagram, the average
American has an ecological footprint
over four times larger than the global
average.
 Twice the size of England
 More than twice the size of Japan
 Six times the size of China
Key Questions
 How does the average ecological
footprint in America compare to
world’s average?
 How can ecology guide us toward
a sustainable future?