S. S. MAITI
TRIFED, NEW DELHI
OR
World population -About 90 genera-About 1400 species
India population -About 75 genera
-About 140 species
GLOBAL BAMBOO SCENARIO
VIS-À-VIS
INDIA
BAMBOO ACREAGE
AREA(MILLION HA)
% OF FOREST COVER
Worldwide
Asia
*Africa
36
24
2.7
3.2
4.4
-
*Latin America
10
-
7%
28%
65%
Asia
Africa
America
*Reported by six countries (Ethiopia, Kenya,Nigeria,Uganda,the United Republic of
Tanzania and Zimbabwe
Area wise distribution in different parts of India
Asia 65%
Rest
20%
India
30%
China
15%
Others
9%
Karnataka
7%
India
NER
28%
Arunanchal Pradesh
20%
Orissa
6% Maharashtra
10%
Madhya Pradesh
20%
ASIA
Country
India
China
Indonesia
Laos
Myanmar
Vietnam
Malaysia
Other
Thailand
Philippines
Total Asia
Source : FAO (2005)
Area of Bamboo ( 1,000 ha)
11,361
5,444
2,081
1,612
859
813
677
340
261
172
23,620
India accounts for roughly half the total area of bamboo reported for Asia
and, together with China, approximately 70 percent.
AFRICA
Country
Nigeria
Ethiopia
Tanzania
Kenya
Uganda
Total Africa
Area of Bamboo (1,000 ha)
1,590
849
128
124
67
2,758
LATIN AMERICA
Country
Area of Bamboo (1,000 ha)
Brazil
9,300
Chile
900
Peru
190
Ecuador
9
Total Latin America
10,399
Source : FAO (2005)
Note : Not all countries participated in the study
(B) MARKET
Estimate of Global Bamboo Market
Expected to grow by 2015
Estimate of domestic Bamboo Economy of India (2005)
Present estimate of domestic market potential
Estimated domestic growth by 2015
Estimate of India’s share in global market
Estimated growth in global market by 2015
$ 12 billion
i.e. Rs. 54,000 Cr.
$ 20 billion
i.e. Rs. 90,000 Cr.
Rs. 2000 Cr.
Rs. 4500 Cr.
Rs. 26000 Cr.
$ 1 billion
i.e. Rs. 4,500 Cr.
$ 5.7 billion
i.e. 25,650 Cr.
But in actual India contributes to only 4% share of the global market despite
having largest area(11.4 m.ha) under bamboo in the world and comprising
more than 100 species.
B (i) Market Share of continents in Bamboo products export
North and
Central America
0.40% Europe
30%
Oceania
0.20%
South America Africa
1.20%
5%
Asia
63%
B (ii) Market share of major countries in bamboo products import
Japan
14%
Hong Kong
5%
Others
7%
USA
37%
France
7%
Germany
7%
Netherlands 4%
UK
19%
B (iii) Consumption pattern of bamboo in India (%)
Pulp
Housing
Non-Residential
Rural Usage
Packing incluing basket
Transport
Furniture
Others wood working industry
35
20
5
20
5
1.5
1
1
B (iv) The current and expected size of the market for some bamboo
products
Pruduct/Application
Bamboo Shoot
Bamboo as wood substitute
Bamboo Plyboard
Bamboo Plyboard (for trucks & railways)
Bamboo Flooring
Bamboo pulp
Bamboo Furniture
Building and Construction Material
Scaffolding
Housing
Roads
Bamboo grids for Tiny/cottage sector (e.g Agarbatti)
Misc. usage (ice creams, fireworks,pencils, matches etc
Current market Market expected
(Rs. In Cr.)
by 2015 (Rs. In
Cr.)
5
300
10,000 (import
30,000 (in 20
value)
years)
200
1000
100(Domestic)
100 (Export)
100
380
394
500
3400
1950
2088
3265
861
1163
274
1000
600
B(v) Market size in the USA of various bamboo product categories
based on 2004 import figures from the PIERS database.
Category
Handicrafts
Kitchen articles
Basketry
Decoration
Garden
Raw material
Furniture
Furniture with woven parts
Cane based furniture
With other materials
Tables
Chairs
Crates
Shelves
Bedroom articles
Flooring
Flooring as such
Accessories
Without finishing
Finished
Parquet
Panels
Veneer
Source:
Total adapted from CORPEI, 2005
Value
(US$ 1 000)
2415
23796
70645
31221
27000
15654
20081
6452
4778
3289
1794
1613
1352
473
185
70453
64600
2952
1563
544
455
154
104
262265
Market share (%)
0.9
9.1
27.0
11.9
10.3
6.0
7.7
2.5
1.8
1.3
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.2
0.1
27.0
24.7
1.1
0.6
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.0
100.0
B (vi) Consumption of bamboo and wooden flooring in the EU
and USA, 1000 m2
Countries
Year
Bamboo
Wood
Netherlands
Germany
2005
2002
2003
2005
2003
2005
2005
150
n/a
300-350
450-500
670
850-900
4200
n/a
21000
n/a
n/a
95000
n/a
n/a
EU
USA
Sources: VON REITZENSTEIN, 2004: CORPEI, 2005: MALIN,BOEHLAND,2006: ZAAL,2006
B (vii) Consumption of various industrial bamboo products in the West
compared to wood consumption in the EU and USA.
Countries/products
Netherlands
Veneer
High quality boards for top layers of flooring
High quality boards for furniture and special
interior projects
Germany
Veneer
High quality boards for top layers of flooring
High quality boards for furniture and special
interior projects
European Union
Veneer
High quality boards for top layers of flooring
High quality boards for furniture and special
interior projects
USA
Veneer
Year
Bamboo (m2)
2003
2005
2005
n/a
25000
50000
2005
25000
2003
2005
2005
n/a
30000
200000
2005
75000
2003
2005
2003
n/a
575000
2400000
2003
2400000
2003
US$140000
Bamboo (m3)
Wood(m3)
30000
150
436000
1800
1753000
3450
662000
Sources: ITTO, 2004: CORPEI, 2005: ZAAI, 2006
Note: Consumption data for bamboo veneer is available only in m2 . For a better comparison with wood
veneer consumption, cubic meter figures were calculated and added to the table based on a standard
veneer thickness of 6 millimetres (ZAAI, 2006).
C. BAMBOO-VARIOUS USES AND APPLICATION
•
•
•
1500 listed application.
432 million workdays creation per annum.
It is estimated that worldwide, about 2.50 billion people trade in or use
bamboo of which about 1 billion use it for housing.
-Scaffolding, Bridges, Housing material, Pipes (Of the total 13.47 million
tonnes, 3.4 is consumed for scaffolding alone)
-Pulp, Paper - 35% used for pulp & paper industries. 1.4 million tonnes bamboo
is used by 10-15 paper mills presently.
-Mat, Basket, Brooms
-Matchstick, toothpick, Agarbatti stick (Present Agarbatti stick market is Rs.186
crore)
-Furniture, Home furnishing, Desktop & Office Accessories
-Flooring (Chinas Annual production was 17.50 million sq. metr in 2004.
Exports 65% of total production)
-Fabric (textile items)
-Soil rehabilitation (protects steep slopes, soils and waterways. Prevents soil
erosion, facilitates restoration of a healthy water table)
-Reforestation of deserted/degraded land, Environment protection
-Carbon sequestration (Isolates carbon faster and thus fights against
climate change)
-Food (Bamboo shoots having market in N. E. States of India and around
the world. Present International market is valued at Rs.7500 crore which is
35% of total commercial market for Bamboo. Domestic market is Rs.4.8
crore.
-Fuel (Bamboo charcoal , Bamboo gas, oil)
-6 times more capacity than wood
charcoal
Activated charcoal - Used as water purifier
- (In Japan Bamboo charcoal is used in gardening to preserve the
moisture available to the plants).
-Packaging (In agriculture/horticulture product packaging mainly, followed
by any other kind )
-C ream and beverages (Bamboo extract)
-Fish trap, Fishing rod, Fish basket, Sift etc.
-Handicrafts (250 million mandays, generates income of Rs.15 billion per annum)
-Medicinal use
• Acetylcholine found in bamboo in high levels acts as neurotransmitter in
animals and humans.
• Tabashir, a secretion found in culms is used in Ayurvedic and Tibetal
medicine for cooling, aphrodisiac properties and also as remedy for
asthma, cough etc.
• Leaves of a particular species Pleisblastus amarus, grown in Southern
China is used for treating fever, fidgeting and lung inflammation.
• Stems and leaves of Bamboo used in Ayurveda for purifying
blood, leucoderma, bronchitis, gonorrhea etc.
• The burnt roots of this species are applied to control Ringworm, bleeding
gums and painful joints.
• Bamboo bark for eruptions
• Disability aids/implements
• Leafbud of B. Spinosa – Leprosy, fever and haemoptysis
D. Emerging Areas
•Rural/Eco/Ethnic haats – Tourism sector
-Claymade huts with bamboo structure, doors & windows
•Soil conservation
-Preventing soil erosion, collapse of river embankment, protecting
slopes
•Plantation on degraded/deserted land
-Providing environment services by causing more rainfall, higher
ground water level and reducing felling of timber
• Renewable energy sources creation
-Augmenting production of bamboo charcoal instead of Wood
charcoal and Fossil fuel (Coal).
• Carbon trading
• Emphasis on Medicinal application, Disability implements etc.
•
Broadbasing Handicraft Sector including bamboo furniture (knock
down)-a list of items are enclosed in Annexure I.
•
Back-end support system
-Creation of Bamboo bank (Inventory of semi-processed
bamboo as per their specific uses), pre-fabricated, doors, windows
•Livelihood security to Bamboo dependent communities at the grassroot level.
•
Awareness programme, dissemination of bamboo based
information/Interaction with Market players, potential customers etc. about
the existing products, their usefulness and long-term advantages.
ANNEXURE-I
BAMBOO MADE HANDICRAFTS
DESKTOP/TABLE ACCESSORIES
HOME FURNISHING
Fruit Basket,
Bread Basket ,Tray ,
Napkin Holder ,
Table mat, Coaster ,
Photo Frame,
Pen & Pencil box
Paint brush container
Book & CD holder etc.
Window curtain, Venetian Blinds,
Stool ,Table, Chair, Sofa, Cot
Lamps/Mirror Frame,
Decorative Wall hanging,
Laundry Baskets,
Storage container ,
Cutlery & Crokery etc.
OFFICE ACCESSORIES
CHILDREN TOYS
Bin Basket,
MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS
Paper Tray,
Rack,
Letter & Card Holder ,
Cabinet, Office Chair, Table,
Partitions, Almirah etc.