Compressed Natural Gas
Symposium and Showcase
CNG 101
Keith Gruetzmacher
November 5, 2013
Terminology
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NGV – a vehicle that uses CNG or LNG fuel
CNG – natural gas @ 3600 psi, 70oF
LNG - natural gas @ 3.6 psi, -260oF
Bi-Fuel – uses natural gas or gasoline/diesel
Dual Fuel – uses both natural gas and
gasoline/diesel
Terminology (continued)
• GGE: Gasoline Gallon Equivalent
• The amount of natural gas containing the same
amount of energy as a gallon of gasoline. (125 ft3
or 1.25 Therms)
• 4 GGE = 5 Therms
• DGE: Diesel Gallon Equivalent
• The amount of natural gas containing the same
amount of energy as a gallon of Diesel (140 ft3 or
1.4 Therms)
• 5 DGE = 7 Therms
Natural Gas Properties
Safety Benefits
Safety Benefits
• Lighter than Air
• Ignition Temperature = 1080° F
• Flammability Range 5%-15% (gas to air mixture)
• Non toxic
• CNG is approved for all tunnels and bridges
• Major Standard – NFPA 52 “Vehicular Gaseous
Fuel Systems Code”
CNG Cylinders
Safety Benefits
• Storage containers are designed, manufactured
and tested to rigid specifications
• Bonfire test
• Pressure test for 18,000 cycles of pressurization
and depressurization
• Gunfire test
• Crash test – cylinders dropped several feet
• Cylinders include a pressure relief device
CNG Station Components
Fueling Options
Fast-Fill Dispenser
Time-Fill Posts
Target Markets
Refuse
Distribution
Key
Characteristics:
Transit
High Mileage
Low fuel
efficiency
Service
Central refueling
Municipals
Airports /
Taxis
Dedicated NGVs
Class
Vehicle Type
Premium or Conversion Diff
Costs
Heavy Duty
Refuse, transit, distribution $35,000 - $50,000 per
and school buses
vehicle
Medium Duty
Shuttle, cargo van, pick-up,
utility
$9,500 - $25,000 per
vehicle
Passenger
Sedan
$3,000 - $10,000 per
vehicle
NGV Pricing Benefits
NGV Pricing Benefits
Projected Price of CNG and LNG Through 2035 - in DGE
Source: US EIA – Energy Information Administration, Energy Outlook 2012
NGV Pricing Benefits
NGV Pricing Benefits
Source: NGVAmerica
Florida Fuel Costs
Rate
Cost/
Schedule
GGE
CNG FL Avg.1
$2.25
Unleaded2
$3.26
Mid2
$3.51
Premium2
$3.47
Diesel2
$3.87
1 – www.cngprices.com (November 1, 2013)
Compelling case for
vehicle conversions
Benefits
• Economic
• Price stability and cost less
• Incentives & funding
• No pilferage
• American Jobs Creation
• Improved Balance of Trade
• Environment - Cleaner Air
• Reduction in Greenhouse Gases -23%
• Reduction is Diesel Particulate Matter- 27%
• Improved Work Environment for Employees
• Energy Security Improved - North American fuel reduces
America’s dependence on Foreign Oil
Benefits
• Reduction in Noise – engines are quieter then
diesel engines
• Increased Vehicle/Equipment Product Availability
• Increased station equipment, station
installers/suppliers
• Increases in Supply – Various US Shale Plays
• Increased Industry Support
Florida Growth
Peoples Gas has seen tremendous growth
•
NGV Therm Sales have increased by 544% and 182% in 2011 and
2012, respectively
•
Number of customers has more than doubled in 2 years
• 2010-5/207, 2011-8/300, 2012-12/412, 2013-21/601
•
Have the potential to double the number of customers within
the next year
•
Have signed a new customer who at full build-out could
potentially use more gas than the total of 2012
peoplesgas.com/ngv
ngv@tecoenergy.com