LOOKING AHEAD TO THE FUTURE
HIGHTECH CULTIVATION OF
RICE
WITH DRIP-FERTIGATION
DR.P.SOMAN,
Sr. Vice President and Chief Agronomist
JAIN IRRIGATION SYSTEMS LTD.
FUTURE SHOCK !
PROJECTED FOODGRAIN DEMAND AND IRRIGATED CROP AREA
unit
2010
2025
2050
Food grain demand
million t
247
320
494
Net cultivated area
m ha
143
144
145
Total cropped area
m ha
193
204
232
Total irrigated crop area m ha
79
98
146
Source: National Commission on Integrated water resources development, GOI
SCENARIO -PRODUCTION
• Food production has to increase from 247 to 494 m MT
(AD 2050) to feed the ever increasing Population.
• Increase in cultivated area will not add much to this
requirement. (Possible increase only 2 m ha from the
present 143 m ha ).
• Converting rain-fed crops to irrigation cover (Partial or
Full) is the only way out (79 to 146 m ha).
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SCENARIO- WATER
• Gross Water Requirement increases to 1200 BMC from the
present 700 BMC.
• Available water remain at 1137 BMC
• Water deficit will force us to take extreme measures by
2030-2050.
• Before that happens conservation of water would help us
survive better.
• Irrigation is the largest water user (+ 83%)
• Reducing water use in irrigation by increasing use efficiency
will generate more water for irrigating more land area.
6
DRIP FERTIGATION TECHNOLOGY
• Drip Irrigation reduces water consumption
• Drip-fertigation enhances for fertilizer use
efficiency.
• Drip irrigation enhances yield.
• Productivity increase with lesser and more
efficient resource use
• This would be the Crux for future green
revolution and food security thru water and
energy security.
7
RICE STATUS
• Cultivated area of Rice
43.79 m ha
• Irrigated area
25.1 m ha (57%)
• Area of dry seeded rice
12.26 m ha (28%)
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YIELD STAGNATION IN RICE
2.5
YIELD (Mt/ha)
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
YEAR
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WHY DRIP??
• DRIP Irrigation conserves water by 50-70 % besides
increasing productivity across crops.
• Drip –fertigation enhances productivity by 60-100%
• Lessons from several crops.
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CHALLENGE
• As a country we should do things
OUT OF THE ORDINARY.
• One who dares wins
• We at Jain Irrigation have taken this
challenge.
• Field trials were conducted in
several states.
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PADDY WITH DRIP at UDUMALPET, TAMIL NADU JAIN R&D FARM
Method
Yield (
t/ac)
Flood
Drip
Difference%
3.1
3.8
22.5
Water
Power
use
Use
(lac liter/ac) (units/ac)
95
32
66.3
467
226
52
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FOOD AND WATER SECURITY THRU DRIP
"... If a minimum ten per cent (especially rainfed area) of the total paddy area of
43.5 million hectares is brought under drip irrigation, then rice output can
increase to 130 million tonnes by 2020,"
4.35 million ha under drip will result in irrigation water for an additional
4.8 m ha.
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DRIP IRRIGATED RICE
Farmer’s Field, Narsapur, AP
YIELD UNDER DRIP
3.2 t/ac
Incremental yield hike in Drip
1.2 t/ac (60%)
DRIP IRRIGATED RICE
Farmer’s field in Kota, RAJASTHAN
YIELD UNDER DRIP
Incremental yield due to Drip
8.5 t/ha (Variety Pusa 1121)
1.5 t/ha (21%)
YIELD UNDER DRIP
Incremental yield due to drip
9.0 t/ha (Variety Pusa 2)
1.0 t/ha (12.5%)
RICE YIELD IN A TRIAL , JALGAON, MS (t/ac)
Variety
Flood
SBH-999
25P25
25P31
MAS- 946-1
Try (R)-2
BPT
1010
Pusa Sugandha
2.4
1.8
2.8
2.5
2.8
1.9
3.2
2.3
16
Drip +
Poly Mulch
3.3
2.4
3.7
2.7
3.1
2.5
3.3
3.1
Drip +
Husk
Mulch
3.2
2.7
3.2
2.5
2.9
2.2
----3.4
YIELD UNDER DRIP FROM DIFFERENT STATES
RICE PRODUCTION SCENARIO IN DIFFERENT STATES OF
INDIA
States
Rice Average
Yield
(x 000
ha)
(t/ha)
Yield under dripfertigation in trials
(t/ha)
Andhra Pradesh
3982
3.19.38 t/ha ( Variety US 311)
Maharashtra
1513
1.56.0-9.3 t/ha (several varieites)
Punjab
2649
4.08.2 t/ha (Arize 6129)
Rajasthan
107
1.59.2 t/ha (Pusa -2)
Tamil Nadu
2050
3.17.5 -9.5 t/ha (ADT -45)
Uttar Pradesh
5578
2.15.5 t/ha (Arise 6129)
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RICE UNDER DRIP COST ECONOMICS
at Jalgaon, MS. (per acre)
Land preparation
1200.00
Inputs
18281.50
(drip cost , 35000 /acre for 12 seasonal crops )
labour
6735.00
TOTAL COST OF PRODUCTION
26216.50
INCOME @ INR 11/kg rice
38500.00
Net income from one season paddy
12283.50
B:C Ratio
2.13
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Variety
Water Productivity kg / m3
Drip + Drip +
Poly
Husk
Flood Mulch Mulch
SBH-999
25P25
25P31
MAS- 946-1
Try (R)-2
BPT
1010
Pusa Sugandha
0.13
0.10
0.14
0.14
0.13
0.10
0.17
0.12
19
0.69
0.50
0.70
0.57
0.58
0.53
0.69
0.64
0.67
0.57
0.62
0.52
0.53
0.46
0.00
0.70
EFFORTS BY JAIN IRRIGATION
 Jain Irrigation has been experimenting the concept of rice
cultivation thru drip irrigation.
 We work on our own: Experiments in Udumalpet, TN and Jalgaon,
MS, farm
 We work with farmers: In Rajasthan, AP, Chattisgarh, Tamil nadu,
Maharashtra, Punjab.
We work with universities: Tamil nadu agriculture University
We work with International Institutions: IRRI,
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Thank You