Test 3 Review
Dustin was driving his car on an icy road when the
back end started to skid out of control. His car
crossed the centerline, and he could see the
headlights of rapidly approaching, oncoming
traffic. His entire body became energized. His
heart rate and respiration increased, and he
began to perspire profusely. According to Selye's
general adaptation syndrome, Dustin was
experiencing:
a. a resistance reaction
b. physiological exhaustion
c. autonomic rebound
d. an alarm reaction
The stage of Selye's general adaptation
syndrome one enters after the body's
unsuccessful first attempt at dealing with
the stressor is the
a. resistance stage
b. alarm stage
c. third stage
d. sympathetic stage
There is one week left in the semester, and Andre
has put off working on his five term papers until
the very last minute. Although it has always
taken him three to four days to write a single
term paper, Andre is convinced that he can write
all five papers in the week that remains. In this
instance, Andre may be dealing with stressinduced anxiety using
a. overcompensation
b. denial of reality
c. intellectualization
d. self-indulgence
Bertram was on death row awaiting
execution. He refused to allow any
appeals on his behalf, and he insisted that
the law be followed exactly. In this
example, Freud would suggest that
Bertram is dealing with the stress
generated by his situation through
a. fantasy
b. overcompensation
c. intellectualization
d. undoing
Wayne was a highly motivated teacher, who really
tried to make a difference in the lives of his
students. However, the constant budget
cutbacks and the long hours that he puts in have
taken their toll. He has become disillusioned with
teaching, and he often calls in sick. In this case,
it is quite likely that Wayne is experiencing
a. amotivational syndrome
b. burnout
c. posttraumatic stress disorder
d. general adaptation syndrome
Lola saw her family doctor last week because she
had experienced a number of asthma attacks in
the preceding month. Her family doctor told Lola
that her asthma was a psychosomatic disease.
Lola's doctor was telling her that
a. her asthma has an organic basis, but that it was
caused in part by psychological factors
b. the attacks she was having were entirely selfinduced
c. the problem was all in her head, and she will
need to see a psychologist, rather than a doctor,
to receive effective treatment
d. her asthma will disappear if she is able to
reduce her level of stress
The Featured Study by Pennix and his
colleagues showed that depression tripled
the subjects risk for cardiac death. This
finding indicates that illness and levels of
stress are
a. uncorrelated
b. negatively correlated
c. positively correlated
d. multifactorial variables
Stress and health research suggests that
a. stress may relate to the incidence of
physical illness in general
b. stress effects influence only specific
illnesses
c. stress relates to physical illness only in
predisposed individuals
d. stress is very specific in its effects on
health
One of the problematic aspects of the research
into the link between stress and illness is that
a. separate control groups are not able to be
created due to ethical constraints
b. the data is correlational in nature and does not
allow for conclusions as to causality
c. subjects are only able to be followed for limited
time periods so it is difficult to determine the
long-term impact of the stressor
d. subjective cognitive appraisal differences leads
people to interpret stressors differently and
interferes with consistent conclusions
All of the following were cited in the textbook
as factors which promote relaxation
EXCEPT for
a. developing a passive attitude
b. drinking a small amount of alcohol
c. being in a comfortable position
d. focusing on a constant stimulus
The most common psychological disorders
in the United States are
a. schizophrenic disorders
b. personality disorders
c. mood disorders
d. anxiety disorders
The anxiety disorder in which an individual
experiences numerous emotional attacks
characterized by overwhelming terror that
occur suddenly and unexpectedly is
known as
a. a generalized anxiety disorder
b. a phobic disorder
c. obsessive-compulsive disorder
d. panic disorder
Stuart feels like he has been worrying constantly
for the past 4 months. He is worried about
making his car payments, losing his job, and
how his children are doing in school. He has
also started to experience dizziness and
occasional heart palpitations. In this case,
Stuart's symptoms are most consistent with
a. generalized anxiety disorder
b. panic disorder
c. obsessive-compulsive disorder
d. hypochondriasis
Ann is so terrified of fire that she cannot light
a match or even enjoy dinner by
candlelight. Ann is most likely suffering
from
a. generalized anxiety disorder
b. panic disorder
c. obsessive-compulsive disorder
d. phobic disorder
The difference between a phobia and a normal
fear is that a phobia
a. involves a cognitive component as well as
behavioral responses
b. is characterized by an increase in heart rate
c. interferes with everyday behavior
d. only take place when the actual object is
present
Dave washes his hands at least 50 times
per day, even though his hands are rarely
dirty. Dave's behavior is an example of
a. an obsession
b. a phobia
c. a compulsion
d. a delusion
Schizophrenia is characterized by
a. emotional disturbances and high levels of
anxiety
b. the presence of two or more distinct
personalities
c. loss of memory or personal identity
d. a fragmentation of thought processes
Cooper is an auto mechanic at a local garage.
However, he is convinced that his phone line is
tapped and all the rooms in his house have
listening devices planted, so that enemy agents
can learn all his secret conversations. He never
takes the same route to work two days in a row,
to prevent the enemy agents from following him
and learning where he works. In this case, it
appears that Cooper is experiencing
a. hallucinations
b. obsessions
c. delusions of persecution
d. loosening of associations
Johnny believes he is the president of the
United States. If Johnny isn't the president,
his false belief represents
a. a hallucination
b. a compulsion
c. a delusion
d. an obsession
Abby was watching a documentary on some
of the horrors of the Viet Nam War. Even
when she saw soldiers being blown up
after stepping on land mines, she showed
no emotional reaction or response. In this
case, Abby is displaying symptoms of
a. catatonic stupor
b. blunted or flat affect
c. antisocial personality disorder
d. conversion disorder
Tony believes that he is Thomas Edison, and he is
convinced that his neighbors are spies who are
trying to steal his inventions. He believes the
neighbors break into his house and search for
plans for new inventions when he is not home.
Tony's symptoms are MOST consistent with
those seen in
a. paranoid schizophrenia
b. undifferentiated schizophrenia
c. catatonic schizophrenia
d. disorganized schizophrenia
Roy alternates between periods in which he
remains motionless and seems oblivious
to his environment, and periods of
hyperactivity and frenzied excitement. Roy
would most likely be diagnosed as having
a. paranoid schizophrenia
b. catatonic schizophrenia
c. disorganized schizophrenia
d. undifferentiated schizophrenia
Insanity is a
a. psychological diagnosis that determines that an
individual is unable to understand the nature and
purpose of legal proceedings
b. psychological diagnosis that confirms that an
individual is dangerous to themselves or to
others
c. legal status indicating that a person cannot be
held responsible for his or her actions because
of mental illness
d. recognition that a person has a chronic mental
illness that is not responsive to treatment
Which of the following statements is most
accurate?
a. Psychotherapy is for people with an identified
psychological disorder.
b. About half of the people who used mental health
services in a given year do not meet the criteria
for a full-fledged mental disorder.
c. Men are more likely to seek professional
psychological help.
d. The most common problem for which people will
seek mental health treatment is for
unsatisfactory interpersonal relations.
Dr. Schwartz practices a form of
psychotherapy in which he uses verbal
interactions intended to enhance client's
self-knowledge and promote healthful
changes in personality and behavior. The
type of therapy being used by Dr.
Schwartz is known as
a. psychopharmacological therapy
b. emotive therapy
c. behavioral therapy
d. insight therapy
You make an appointment to see a therapist, and
as you are waiting, you notice that a large
number of the books on the therapist's shelves
deal with the work of Sigmund Freud. You might
expect that this therapist will
a. use counterconditioning to reverse maladaptive
behaviors
b. emphasize the need to bring unconscious
conflicts and defenses into conscious awareness
c. provide a supportive emotional environment
while allowing you to determine the pace and
direction of your therapy
d. help you recognize and change negative
thoughts and maladaptive beliefs
A client in psychoanalysis has been arriving
late for sessions, acting hostile to the
analyst, and making up dreams. This is
most likely
a. transference
b. frustration
c. resistance
d. projection
Charlene is talking with her father, and she
confesses that she lied about where she
had been on the weekend. Her father tells
Charlene that he loves her, but that he
doesn't approve of her lying. According to
Carl Rogers, Charlene's father is
displaying the quality of
a. empathy
b. validity
c. unconditional positive regard
d. selective abstraction
Which of the following statements best represents
the approach of a client-centered therapist in
treating a chronically anxious client?
a. "Let's look for ways in which you might actually
be benefiting from your anxiety.“
b. "So, you feel that your world is a very scary
place to be.“
c. "Let's see if we can identify the irrational beliefs
that are producing your anxiety.“
d. "Do you feel that your mother adequately met
your need for emotional support when you were
a child?"
The most important aspect of group therapy
is that group members
a. provide acceptance and emotional
support
b. challenge one another's false belief
structures
c. increase conformity and compliance
d. reduce both transference and resistance
Which of the following is NOT among the
advantages of group therapy?
a. Participants often come to realize that
their misery is not unique.
b. It produces a significantly higher recovery
rate than individual therapy.
c. It provides an opportunity for participants
to work on social skills in a safe
environment.
d. Certain kinds of problems are especially
well suited to group treatment.