David G. Myers
Worth Publishers, © 2010

• What is Psychology?
• Contemporary
Psychology

What movies have you seen with professional psychologists as characters?
• kind of work done?
• area of specialty?
• how realistic was characterization?

Psychology’s Roots
LO #1
Prescientific Psychology
• Ancient Greeks
Socrates
(knowledge is innate)
Plato
(like Socrates, used logic & opinions)
Aristotle
(instead, derived principles from observation)
How did each view knowledge?

Psychology’s Roots
Prescientific Psychology
• Rene Descartes
( tried to explain human functioning but with theories & opinions)
• Francis Bacon
(introduced science to study of human functioning)
• John Locke
( tabula rasa is a blank slate on which experience writes) empiricism

Psychology’s Roots
LO #2
Psychological Science is Born , p. 4
• Wilhelm Wundt (1879) what happened? (rte) where? (UL) how measured?
(hear sound, press key)

Psychology developed into three different branches, or schools of thought
• structuralism
(structural elements)
• functionalism
(functions)
• behaviorism
( observable behavior)

Psychology’s Roots
Thinking About the Mind’s
STRUCTURE (1890s)
• Edward Titchener
Structuralism
• what was it?
• method? introspection

Psychology’s Roots
Thinking About the Mind’s
FUNCTION (1890s)
• William James
(different from
Titchener how?) functionalism
Mary Calkins
(3 facts)
Margaret Floy Washburn experimental psychology -

Unit 1 Pop Quiz
(get a piece of paper)
A test of how you react to unexpected situations
• Q#1: What did you experience when you learned of the “pop” quiz?
• Q#2: Which thoughts and emotions were helpful toward performance? harmful?
• Q#3: What steps might you take to overcome anxiety when faced with unexpected situations?

Exercise: Psychologist as Scientist
(p. 6)
List three adjectives that describe a typical scientist.
List three adjectives that describe a typical psychologist.

Science:
Where is Psychology?
art chemistry
___1_________2_________3_________4_________5_________6_________7___ philosophy physics

Psychological Science Develops
LO #3
(1920s)
• Sigmund Freud
(childhood experiences and unconscious thought processes affect behavior) sex violence

Psychological Science
Develops (1960s)
• Behaviorism
John B. Watson
B.F. Skinner
(reinforcement theory
[M&Ms])
“study of observable behavior” fidgets

+
GET something
-
REMOVE something

Stimulus presented
+
(get)
Stimulus removed or withheld
–
(remove)
“you be the parent”
( e.g.
, chores, homework, curfew, etc .)
Behavior Encouraged Behavior Suppressed

Psychological Science Develops
1960s
• Humanistic psychology
Carl Rogers
(environmental influences, need for love and acceptance)
** hypocrisy of humanism at UWO **
Abraham Maslow
(hierarchy of needs)

Role Play humanistic counselor
(person-centered) and client

Psychological Science Develops
1960s
• Cognitive Neuroscience
(study of brain functioning ) examples . . .
and my personal favorite . . .
cognitive-behavioral theory

1 Stressful
5
Sinful
(Old Adam)
4
Wronged
Think / Feel / Do
3
Thought
Peaceful 2
Godly
6
( New Man )
8 th Comm.
7
Anger Feeling Accepting /
Peaceful
REVENGE!
Action Christian
LOVE
Example: Cut off by speeding, reckless motorist!

Assignment:
In the next 24 hours, recall two occurrences when you recognize and then intentionally restructure your emotional response to a cognitive event.
Prepare to share one in class.

Psychological Science Develops
• Psychology
, p. 7 behavior
(give four examples) mental processes
(list five) science
(describe the scientific process)

Psychology’s Biggest Question
LO #4
• Nature-Nurture Issue
biology vs
. experience history
• Greeks
• Rene Descartes
• Charles Darwin natural selection

1. Count off by 6.
2. 1’s, 2’s, etc ., group up by number.
3. In two minutes, prepare a 30-second group response for your debate topic on p. 9.

LO #5
Psychology’s Three Main
Levels of Analysis
• Levels of Analysis, p. 10 biological – psychological – social-cultural –
• Together, they form an integrated biopsychosocial approach

Psychology’s Three Main Levels of
Analysis

Psychology’s Three Main Levels of
Analysis

Psychology’s Three Main Levels of
Analysis

Psychology’s Three Main Levels of
Analysis question on bottom p. 11

Psychological
Approaches/Perspectives biological evolutionary psychodynamic behavioral cognitive humanistic social-cultural
• how observable responses are acquired and changed
• how behavior and thinking vary across situations and cultures
• how the body and brain work to create emotions, memories, and sensory experiences
• how behavior springs from unconscious drives and conflicts
• how we encode, process, store and retrieve information
• how we meet our needs for love and acceptance, and achieve self-fulfillment
• how the natural selection of traits promoted the survival of genes

Psychology’s Subfields
LO #6
• psychometrics
• difference between basic and applied research?

basic research biological psychology developmental psychology educational psychology personality psychology social psychology
• investigates persistent traits
• studies changing abilities throughout the life span
• explores how we view and affect one another
• studies influences on teaching and learning
• explores link between brain and behavior

applied research industrial/organizational psychology human factors psychology counseling psychology clinical psychology psychiatry
• helps people cope with adjustments, challenges, and crises
• used in the workplace to help companies select and train employees
• medical doctors who may prescribe drugs in treatment
• assesses and treats mental, emotional, and behavior disorders
• focuses on interaction of people, machines, and physical environments

Unit 1 Conclusion
• Organize groups, assign theoretical orientation and discuss case study ( today )
• Groups of 3-4: In less than two minutes: 1) overview assigned theory, 2) explain case study behavior, and 3) describe likely treatment plan for client ( Monday )
• Competition Review ( Tuesday )
• Unit 1 Test ( Wednesday )
• Review the Test / Intro. Unit 2 ( Thursday )

Video: Vol. 1, DVD2,
Psychological Disorders #2
Postpartum Psychosis:
The Case of Andrea Yates
(7:00)

Set 5
Behavior of Andrea Yates
(p. 9)
Biological / Neuroscience –
Behaviorism –
Humanistic psychology –
Evolutionary psychology –
Psychoanalysis / psychodynamic –
Developmental psychology –
Cognitive psychology –

Set 6
Behavior of Andrea Yates
(p. 9)
Biological / Neuroscience –
Behaviorism –
Humanistic psychology –
Evolutionary psychology –
Psychodynamic psychology –
Developmental psychology –
Cognitive psychology –

Colossians 2:8
See to it that no one takes you captive through hollow and deceptive philosophy, which depends on human tradition and the basic principles of this world rather than on
Christ.
http://www.youtube.com/watch_popup?v=WUQYJ77qa50