Plant biotechnology, one of the sections of biotechnology, Seed Bank
and plant protection Division at Agricultural Research Department (ARD) in
Myanmar. Major objective of Plant Biotechnology in Myanmar is to conduct
applied and its related basic research in the area of all and tissue culture
techniques in combination with mutation technique applicableto Agriculture,
to promote research and development of DNA technologies in crop breeding.
In Myanmar, there are four major research that deal with plant
Biotechnology R&D at Ministry of Agriculture and Irrition (MOAI). The
activities in Plant Biotechnology are being conducted in ARD, Yezin,
Pyinmana, Vegetable and Fruit Research and Development Center (VFRDC);
Mintaleton Orchid Farm and Plant Biotechnology Laboratory
(Nyaung hna bin, Hmawbi)
Research objectives
1. To conduct applied research in the area of cell and tissue culture techniques.
2. To conduct limited basic researc in the area of in vitro nuclear techniques.
3. To integrate tissue culture and in vi tro nuclear techniques into varietal
improvement with special emphasis on rice.
Current research activities
- Production of homozygous lines in rice and inbred line in sunflower through
doubled haploid breeding.
- Induction of mutant lines through In viitro nuclear techniques in rice,
sugar crane, and groundnut.
- In vitro multiplication of banana, ginger, potato, pineapple strawberry and aloes.
- Somatic embryogenesis of mango, oil palm and banana.
- Biotechnology analysis of rice germplasm.
Achievements
- Development of short-duration upland rice mutant cultivar (Yar-2 Mutant).
- Development of salt tolerance mutant lines of rice.
- Development of moderately resistance of red-rot disease mutant line
in sugarcane CV Yezin-1 which is high yield, but not suscripible to
red-rot disease.
- In vitro multiplication protocol on banana, ginger pineapple, strawberry,
potato and aloe.
- Multiplication of mango and oil palm and through somatic embryogenesis.
- Protein analysis in 100 rice accessions has alone through SDS-PAGE.
Future research program at plant tissue culture area.
- In vitro unpollinated ovary culture in rice.
- Embryo rescue in cotton.
- In vitro conservation of vegetative propagated crops.
- Isozymes analysis in rice germplasm.
Future research program on DNA technology.
- Molecular analysis of phylogenetic relationship.
- PCR based marker assisted selection in rice espectially in
biotic and abiotic stress.
Research Proposal
By Daw Khine Oo Aung
Improvement of salt tolerant varieties in rice
using Marker-assisted Selection
Back ground
Rice is the major crop in Myanmar. As Myanmar has a wide range of
climatic and geographic conditions, salinity areas occupied with 4% of the total
rice growing areas. Salinity problem in coastal area is reduced in yield. Thus
varieties with salt tolerant and high yield cultivar must be needed in that area.
Statement of problem
Rice is the staple food in our country. All of Myanmar eats rice three
timesa day. So rice production must be needed to upgrade in our country.
In most of the salinity delta area, currently grown traditional varieties,
salt tolerant ability, long growth duration give low yields. If high yielding
varieties can be improved with salt tolerance, it is expected that rice
production will be increased for the salinity area.
Objective
- To obtain high yielding varieties with salt tolerance
Plant materials
- Donor - Pokkali
- Recipient- IR 53936
Breeding scheme (Salt tolerant rice)
IR 53936
(Male)
already
harvested
x
Pokkali
(Female)
F1
F1 x IR 53936
( female)
August
Third week
2004
Feb last week
2005
BC1F1 x IR 53936
(female)
BC2 F1
Proposal II
by Daw Myint Yi
IR65204 x Pokalli
F1 x IR65204
BC1F1 x IR65204
BC2F1 x selfing
BC1F2
Induction of short duration cultivar of Upland rice through Radiation and Anther Culture
Kyin San Myint, Khine Oo Aung and Khin Soe
Yield and yield component s of Yar-2 and Yar-2 mutant.
Sr.
1
2.
Varieties
plant
height
(cm)
Yar-2 106.4
Yar-2
82.0
mutant (line no. 18)
tillering
with
panicle
panicle
length
(cm)
no. of filled
grain with
one panicle
filled
grain
%
10.4
12.8
23.0
21.7
85.4
100.3
70.3
71.1
1000 grain
50%
weight flowering
(gm)
date
23.4
21.9
96
77
yield
basket/
acre
55
57
Comparison of Quality of Yar-2 and Yar-2 mutant
Sr.
no.
Sample
1
Yar-2
2. Yar-2 mutant
Elongation
Ratio
1.76
Gel.
Temp.
Protien
(%)
High/Inter 5.63
1.52
Inter
Amylose
(%)
24.05
6.53
Gel
Consistency
Hard
28.98
Me