Unit 3
P4 - EXPLAIN HOW INTERNAL AND
EXTERNAL FACTORS AFFECT UK
INBOUND AND DOMESTIC
TOURISM
Connector
 Working in pairs discuss the following:
 Why do you think tourists from Spain stay less time
in the UK than tourists from New Zealand?
Objectives
 To understand key factors affecting the UK inbound
and domestic tourism markets.
 To identify the difference between internal and
external factors
Big Picture
 You will be introduced to the information that you
need to get obtain P4, including how statistics are
analysed and used.
In order to understand the size and scale of UK
inbound and domestic tourism, every year the
figures for the number of tourists arriving and the
amount of revenue they generate are recorded and
studied carefully by both the government and the
travel and tourism industry.
These figures are then compared to the statistical
data for previous years to determine the trends in
the market and to plan for the future
It is important to be able to interpret statistics
accurately, establish their meaning and
implications, and explore the reasons behind the
trends to form conclusions on the basis of this
evidence.
The reasons for these trends can be caused by a wide
range of factors that can affect tourism, either to
encourage or discourage inbound and domestic
tourists.
Confusing!??
 OK so lets break it down so that you all understand
Activities
 Using your text books make brief notes on the
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following:
Length of stay
Generating countries and regions
Volume and value of inbound and domestic tourism
Frequency of visits
Don’t forget!
 For every piece of information in your text book you
will be able to find more up to date information for
2011.
 Make sure whenever you use statistics they are the
most up to date available
Factors affecting the tourism
market
Factors internal to the UK
 There are a number of significant trends that are
having an impact on domestic tourism.
 There is a strong trend towards spending money on
wellbeing, including travel and tourism. You should
check statistics for this!
Health, safety and security within the UK
 The UK has expert health and safety laws so tourists
can expect to be as safe, or even safer than in their
home countries.
 You should check the Metropolitan Police Service
and the Foreign Commonwealth Office websites for
up to date advice for tourists.
Accessibility
 The introduction of the low cost airline has brought
new routes from all over Europe. This is also
beneficial when a country becomes a new member.
 Low cost airfares mean that the UK is more
accessible for visitors from all over the world.
Marketing Campaigns
 There are many organisations responsible for
marketing the UK such as Visit Britain, you should
check their websites to see what is going on with
their up to date campaigns.
Availability of products and services
 Tourism in the UK subject to seasonal trends and
prices vary at different times of the year.
 Hotel and transport prices are higher during the
summer and at Christmas time. During this time
rooms are less likely to be available and tourists
should book ahead.
Quality of goods and services
 Consumers these days care a lot more about the
quality of the products and services they spend their
money on. VisitBritain now only markets
accommodation that has been quality assessed,
which means it has met certain standards.
Factors external to the UK
Economic recession
 Economic recession in the UK and/or tourist
generating countries
 The success of the economy depends on the amount
of money that tourists spend when they get into the
UK. That is why the amount of money the visitors
from each country spend is measured as well as the
arrivals.
 The recession will also have an impact on the
amount of tourists travelling
Exchange rate
 The exchange rate continues to have an influence on
the number of tourists to a region.
 You should mention the rate of the Euro – it is
putting UK outbound tourists off going to Europe
but Inbound tourists are getting more for their
money, how is this affecting the number of tourists?
Travel restrictions
 Security related issues
 People travelling by air now have a restriction on the
amount of liquid they can carry in their hand
luggage. What are the amounts and why is this
important?
Customs and excise restrictions
 Relate to the amount of alcohol, tobacco and gifts
that you can bring into a country. Leaflets are
provided for tourists who should check they are not
breaking the law.
 What are the limits?
 Immigration restrictions
 In 2005 when many new countries joined the EU it
changed immigration restrictions for residents of
these EU countries – they are now free to travel
without restriction.
 This has increased the about of Inbound visitors
from Europe to the UK. By how much?
Emergence of new markets
 You should be aware of and mention in your
presentations that the UK has ‘approved destination
status’ for tourists from China.
 What impact has this had, what steps are being made
to increase the amount of Chinese tourists?
Competition from other destinations
 The UK has to make itself more appealing to the rest
of the world than other countries.
 How does the UK market itself to attract these
tourists?
Effects
 Changes in visitor numbers
 Length of stay
 Volume and value of inbound and domestic tourism
 Frequency of visits
 Generating countries and regions
What to do
 The effects must be explained, for example how
terrorist activities can result in disinclination to
travel, cancelled holidays and consequently changes
in visitor numbers.
 You should use hard evidence in the form of recent
statistical data (i.e. over the last five years) to
support their explanations of the effect of at least five
different factors on inbound and/or domestic
tourism.