Stages of Team Development
Troop Presentation
Jennifer Mallory
Why at Wood Badge?
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Acquire global view of Scouting
Become familiar with team leadership concepts
Experience stages of team development
Have fun!
Provide best possible leadership to Scouting
Living the Values
Bringing the Mission to Life
Models for Success
Tools of the Trade
Leading to Make a Difference
Team Development Objectives
• Develop the ability to recognize stages
of development associated with a team
• Understand the characteristics of the
four stages of team development
• Understand productivity and
enthusiasm and how they relate to
team development
Four Stages of
Team Development:
Bruce Tuckman, Educational Psychologist
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Forming
Storming
Norming
Performing
TEAM DEVELOPMENT MODEL
Pickup Sticks
“Forming”
At Odds
“Storming”
Goal
Goal
As One
“Performing”
Goal
Goal
•Committed to
goal
•Optimal
productivity
•Conflict
•Trust and
cohesion grow
•Negative
reactions,
factions,
polarize team
•Sharing
responsibility,
leadership,
and control
•Clear
purpose,
values, roles,
and goals
•Motivated, with
unrealistic
expectations
•Expectations
at odds with
reality
•Not all oriented
towards same
goal
•Unclear norms,
roles, goals, and
timelines
Coming Around
“Norming”
•Growing
dissatisfaction
•High
Enthusiasm
•Mutual
respect
Enthusiasm and Productivity
Pickup Sticks
“Forming”
At Odds
“Storming”
Enthusiasm = green
Coming Around
“Norming”
As One
“Performing”
Productivity = purple
Goal
Stage
1 - 1Forming
Stage
Forming
“Pickup Sticks”
Forming includes these feelings and behaviors:
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Morale
Enthusiasm
Excitement, anticipation, and optimism
Pride in being chosen for the project
Productivity
Skills
A tentative attachment to the team
Suspicion and anxiety about the job
Defining the tasks and how they will be accomplished
Determining acceptable group behavior
Deciding what information needs to be gathered
Abstract discussions of the concepts and issues, and for some
members, impatience with these discussions. There will be difficulty
in identifying some of the relevant problems
Goal
Stage
2
Storming
Stage
2
Storming
“At Odds”
Storming includes feelings and behaviors of:
Productivity
Skills
Morale
Enthusiasm
• Resisting the tasks.
• Resisting quality improvement approaches suggested by other
members.
• Sharp fluctuations in attitude about the team and the project's
chance of success.
• Arguing among members even when they agree on the real issues.
• Defensiveness, competition, and choosing sides.
• Questioning the wisdom of those who selected this project and
appointed the other members of the team.
• Establishing unrealistic goals. Disunity, increased tension, and
jealousy.
Goal
Stage
3 - 3Norming
Stage
Norming
“Coming Around”
Productivity
Skills
Norming includes feelings and behaviors of:
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Morale
Enthusiasm
An ability to express criticism constructively.
Acceptance of membership in the team.
An attempt to achieve harmony by avoiding conflict.
More friendliness, confiding in each other, and sharing of personal
problems.
• A sense of team cohesion, spirit, and goals.
• Establishing and maintaining team ground rules and boundaries.
• As team members begin to work out their differences, they now
have more time and energy to spend on the project.
Goal
Stage
4 Performing
Stage
4
Performing
“As One”
Productivity
Skills
Performing includes feelings and behaviors of:
Morale
Enthusiasm
• Constructive self–change.
• Members have insights into personal and group processes, and
better understanding of each other's strengths and weakness.
• Ability to prevent or work through group problems.
• Close attachment to the team.
• The team is now an effective, cohesive unit. You can tell when your
team has reached this stage because you start getting a lot of work
done.
Four Stages Team Development
Knowledge
Is Hidden
Knowledge
Creation
Trust
Unknown
Forming
Performing
Synergizes
Distrust
Storming
Norming
Collaborates
Knowledge
Hoarding
Knowledge
Sharing
Bruce Tuckman (1965) discovered that teams normally go through five stages of growth:
Forming, Storming, Norming, Performing, and finally Adjourning.
Remember the Titans
Background
• A true story set in Virginia during 1971.
• The high school was being integrated for the first time.
• Herman Boone, a new coach, has been appointed to
take over the football team.
• The former highly successful and popular coach was
demoted to assistance coach to make room.
• The movie tells the story of how the coaches and players
overcame their differences and became a team.
• Source – Remember the Titans, Walt Disney Pictures,
2000
Remember
the
Titans
Stage
1
Forming
Forming Stage of Team Development
Goal
The clip begins just prior to the first team meeting.
Watch for indications of Forming:
• Eagerness
• High and unrealistic expectations
• Anxiety about how players will fit in
• Demands placed on them
• High dependence on the leader for purpose and
direction and the new coach provides it quickly and
clearly.
• At this stage team morale is high and productivity is low.
Remember
the
Titans
Stage
1
Forming
Forming Stage of Team Development
Goal
Indications of Forming:
• Eagerness
• High and unrealistic expectations
• Anxiety about how players will fit in
• Demands placed on them
• High dependence on the leader for purpose and
direction and the new coach provides it quickly and
clearly.
• At this stage team morale is high and productivity is low.
Remember
the
Titans
Stage
2
Storming
Storming Stage of Team Development
Goal
This scene illustrates the Storming stage and features two
players speaking on behalf of others. Clear factions have
been formed and morale is low.
Look for:
• Difficulty working together
• Frustration, negativity, communication breakdowns
• Formation of factions
• Dissatisfaction with leadership – the team captain
Remember
the
Titans
Stage
2
Storming
Storming Stage of Team Development
The Storming Stage
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Difficulty working together
Morale is low
Frustration, negativity, communication breakdowns
Formation of factions
Dissatisfaction with leadership – the team captain
Goal
Remember
the
Titans
Stage
3
Norming
Norming Stage of Team Development
Goal
This scene illustrates the Norming stage and morale and
attitudes are improving. Clearly the climate has
changed. There is increased commitment to roles, goals
and working together, but have not yet transformed to
“high performing”, but they are coming around.
Look for:
• Shared responsibility and control
• Euphoric, positive feelings
• Team members valuing differences among themselves
• Team members thinking “we” rather than “I”
Remember
the
Titans
Stage
3
Norming
Norming Stage of Team Development
The Norming Stage
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Shared responsibility and control
Morale and attitudes are improving
Team members valuing differences among themselves
Team members thinking “we” rather than “I”
Goal
Remember
the
Titans
Stage
4
Performing
Performing Stage of Team Development
Goal
This scene illustrates the Performing stage and morale and
productivity are high. There is a sense of pride and
excitement being part of the team and the primary focus
is on performance. Purpose and goals are clear.
Look for:
• Focus on performance
• Clear purpose and goals
• Commitment to continuous improvement
• Pride and confidence
• Communication is open and honest
• Leadership is shared.
Remember
the
Titans
Stage
4
Performing
Performing Stage of Team Development
The Performing Stage
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Morale and productivity are high
Focus on performance
Clear purpose and goals
Commitment to continuous improvement
Pride and confidence
Communication is open and honest
Leadership is shared
Goal
Patrol Assessment
Pickup Sticks
“Forming”
Goal
At Odds
“Storming”
Goal
Coming Around
“Norming”
As One
“Performing”
Goal
Goal
• What Stage is your patrol experiencing?
• Stages of Team Development - An Example
Patrol Assignment
• As a patrol, create a story illustrating the stages
of team development.
• Story may be based on a patrol member’s
experience, a historical event, or perhaps a TV
show.
• The story should clearly illustrate the four
different stages.
• You have about 10 minutes.
• We will then share several stories with the entire
Troop.
Conclusions
• Advantages to mastery of the four stages:
– Enables us to anticipate what a team will go through.
– Enables us to use appropriate strategies to guide the
progress.
• Caveats to remember:
– Teams may progress through stages at different
speeds.
– Team members may also progress at different rates.
– Teams may sometimes regress to an earlier stage.
– Teams may be in different stages with respect to
different aspects of its vision.
Stages of Team Development:
Questions?