Role of Geography in the 13
Colonies
oceans
mountains
plains
coastlines
Soil
quality
R
I
V
E
R
s
Length of
Natural
resources
Growing
season
Temperature and climate
Role of Geography in the 13
Colonies
mountains
oceans
Natural
resources
Length of
coastlines
plains
Landforms
1
R
I
V
E
R
s
Bodies of
Water
Growing
season
Soil
quality
Temperature &
climate
Climate
1. What are the 3 Groups of
Colonies?
• A. New England, Middle, Western
• B. Northern, Middle , Southern
• C. New England, Middle , Southern
• D. New England, Northern, Western
New England Climate
• Coolest climate
• Worst soil fertility
2
• Shortest growing
season
• Short warm summers
• Long cold winters
2. Which best describes New
England’s Climate?
A. Warm, fertile soil
B. Colder, fertile soil
C. Warmest, Fertile soil
D. Coldest, least fertile soil
How Did New England Adapt?
• Less farming and
more ocean related
jobs
3
3. Which of these jobs does NOT shows how
well New England adapted to its geography?
• A. Fisherman
• B. Sail maker
• C. Tobacco farmer
• D. Shipbuilder
How Did New England Adapt to
Its Harsh Climate?
• Atlantic Coastline had
plenty of harbors and
ports
• Forests of New
England held plenty
of lumber and
shipping supplies
• Trees provided ship
building material
4
New England Subsistence
( farming to eat) Farmers
• Some farming took
place
• Appalachian
Mountains eroded
into valleys
• Rocks had to be
removed from fields
• These rocks were
good building
materials
5
4. Why does a subsistence farmer
plant his crops?
• A. He wants to sell them for money
• B. He wants to feed them to his family
• C. He wants to grow cash crops
• D. All of the above
New England Ocean
Related Jobs
6
• Fishing
• Shipping
• Whaling
• Commerce and Trade
5. Why did New Englanders turn to
the ocean for jobs?
• A. b/c they found ships when they arrived
in New England
• B. b/c the land and climate made farming
difficult
• C. b/c they didn’t want to be farmers
• D. b/c their plow was broken
7
Middle Colonies Climate
Warmer winters
 Warm summers
 Very fertile mountain
valleys
* Longer growing season
than New England

6. Which best describes how the Middle
Colonies climate was different than the
New England Colonies?

A. Middle Colonies were further north

B. Middle Colonies were colder

C. Middle Colonies were rockier

D. None of the above
How Did the Middle Colonies
Adapt?

Lots of Good Grain farming
on small farms without
slaves
8

Lots of good ocean jobs like
fishing and trade in
Philadelphia and New York
City
Middle colonies got the best
of New England and the
Southern Colonies

How Did The Middle Colonies
Adapt To Its Climate?




Longer growing season
Less rocky soil than
New England
Warmer climate
Lead to GREAT cash
crop (farming for
money not to eat)
9
How Did The Middle Colonies
Adapt To Its Climate?
9

Farm: Cattle, Pigs,
Sheep, and Wheat

Forest: Timber

Ocean: Fish

Other: Furs & Iron
Middle Colonies = Breadbasket

Middle colonies grew
lots of grain cash crops
10 A

So much they were the
leading flour producers
10 B


That is why they are
called Breadbasket
Colonies
7. Which of the following doesn’t fit
the Middle Colonies?

A. Breadbasket Colonies

B. Lots of subsistence farming

C. Lots of grains like wheat, corn, Quaker oats

D. Lots of flour
Middle Colonies Had Great Ports

11
Delaware River had the
port of
Philadelphia,Pennsylvania
Hudson River had the
Port of New York City

Middle Colony Ocean Jobs?

Fishing

Shipping

Ship Building
12
8. How are the Middle Colonies like
the New England Colonies?

A. The Middle Colonies have ocean jobs too

B. The Middle Colonies have rocky soil too

C. The Middle Colonies have long cold
winters
D. all of the above

Southern Colonies Climate
13
 Short mild winters
 Long warm summer
 Longest growing
season
 Most fertile soil on
coastal plains
9. What color on the map
represents the warmest growing
season for farming?
 A. dark green
 B. light green
 C. Yellow
 D. red
Southern Colonies Adapt
to Warmer Climate






Grow Cash Crops
Tobacco
14
Indigo
Rice
Sugar
After 1793 Cotton
How Did Southern Colonies
Adapt To Its Warm Climate?
 Lots of plantation
farming and small
farmers
 Not much else
 Farming was too
Good!
14
Again
10. What type of crops did
the Southern Colonies grow?
 A. Subsistence farming
 B. Cash crops using slaves
 C. Cash crops not using slaves
 D. Wheat, corn, and Quaker Oats
Quiz Answers
 1. C
6. D
 2. D
7. B
 3. C
8. A
 4. B
9. D
 5. B
10. B