Childhood and Adolescence
Mr. Young
These will be the same questions you see on the test,
if you have any questions, please make note and ask.
 Psychologists
call the internally
programmed growth of a child
 a.
development. c.
 b. assimilation. d.
maturation.
socialization.
 Margaret
Mead believed that the
adolescence was different than that of G.
Stanley Hall because she studied groups
from this part of the world.
 a. 3rd world countries
 b. 1st world countries
 c. 2nd world countries
 d. outer space
 An
infant who has developed object
permanence
 a. is attached to specific objects.
 b. will see all objects as the same.
 c. knows that an object exists even if it
cannot be seen.
 d. cries when objects are taken away.
A
newborn infant has certain automatic,
inherited, coordinated movement
patterns called
 a. instincts. c.
schemas.
 b. reflexes. d.
formal operations.
 As
David Elkind explained, adolescents
will sometimes go throught this problem
in life, where they really have trouble
making decisions?
 a. Asking parents for advice
 b. Poor choice making
 c. asking peers for adivce
 d. Indecisiveness
 Lawrence
Kohlberg identified six stages
of moral development. In Stage 1 a child
 a.
is sensitive to what others want.
 b. is concerned with law and order.
 c. is totally egocentric.
 d. thinks about rewards and
punishments.
 What
or whom is the most important
factor in an adolescent’s moral
development?
 a. peers
 b. lifestyle
 c. parents
 d. gender
 Jean
Piaget believed that children were
____________________, or when a young
child was unable to understand another
person’s perspective or point of view
 a. representationl thought
 b. egocentric
 c. selfish
 d. being themselves
 When
a infant responds by turning it
heads to the place being touched, it is
known as
 a. grasping reflex
c.rooting reflex
 b.
sucking reflex d.strong visual activity
 According
to Jean Piaget, which term
refers to a child's attempt to understand
something new by fitting it into an
existing schema?
 a. accommodation
 b. assimilation
 c. intuitive reasoning
 d. sensorimotor intelligence
 According
to Piaget, when we adjust or
change our schema to include newly
observed events or fit the characterisitcs
of a new object, we
 a. Assimilation
 b. intuitive reasoning
 c. sensorimotor intelligence
 d. Accomodation
 Joan
uses the Golden Rule as her guide in
making moral judgments. She is
considered to be in ____ of Lawrence
Kohlberg's framework.
 a. Stage 6
c. Stage 4
 b. Stage 5
d. Stage 3
 Most
children will play games so they
can be involved in __________________,
when children’s play involves assuming
adult roles, thus enabling the child to
experience different points of view.
 a. Egocentric
 b. role taking
 c. rationalization
 d. schema
A person's gender role is defined by
 a. partially one's genetic makeup.
 b. cultural influences.
 c. traditionally masculine or feminine
behavior.
 d. all of the above.
 The
concept of adolescent identity
categories, broken into 4 stages, is
associated with
 a. Jean Piaget.
 b. Lawrence Kohlberg.
 c. James Marcia.
 d. Sandra Bem.
 Simone, a
typical adolescent, will most
likely turn to her peers for advice on
 a. marriage.
c. fashion.
 b. religion.
d.educational plans.
 The
big question that an adolescent must
answer before they can form an identity
is
 a.
“Who Am I?”
 b. “What is my purpose?”
 c. “Why am I here?”
 d. “Where is Chuck Norris?”
 An
 a.
androgynous role is one that
reflects traditionally feminine
characteristics.
 b. combines traditional male and female
characteristics.
 c. reflects traditionally male characteristics.
 d. combines various gender stereotypes.
A
person's behavior usually develops as
a result of
 a.
attitudes only.
 b. heredity only.
 c. environment only.
 d. both heredity and environment.
 At
 a.
birth, the length of most infants is
12 to 16 inches.
 b. 20 to 24 inches.
 c. 18 to 22 inches.
 d. less than 12 inches.
 Before
pushing an infant to master new
skills, parents should wait until the infant
reaches
 a. maturational readiness.
 b. physical readiness.
 c. perceptual readiness.
 d. motor readiness.
 The
rules for arranging language
symbols to produce new meaning are
called
 a.
syntax.
 b. grammar.
c.telegraphic speech
d.none of the above.
 Which
of the following is NOT a primary
issue for developmental psychologists?
 a.
stability versus change
 b. nature versus nurture
 c. consistency versus inconsistency
 d. continuity versus stages of
development
 Groups
will usually stay in power by
ordering all group members to
participate in this, sometimes known as
the “glue” that keeps them together?
 a. Conformity
 b. resources
 c. loyalty
 d. money
 How
do psychologists explore how
infants perceive the world?
a. by giving them brain scans that show the
activity in the brain during stimulation
 b. by measuring behaviors that they can observe
such as sucking, eye movements, crying, and
smiling
 c.
by teaching them new tricks
 d. by making educated, but unsubstantiated,
guesses

 What
two abilities involve using
symbols?
 a.
language and depth perception
 b. reading and walking
 c. walking and talking
 d. language and thought
 By
the age of two, children have a
vocabulary of about
 a.
500 to 1000 words.
 b. 2500 to 5000 words.
 c. about 10000 words.
 d. several thousand words.
 Mary
Ainsworth discovered which of the
following patterns of attachment in
children?
 a. secure attachment
 b. avoidance attachment
 c. resistant attachment
 d. all of the above
 When
children engage in ____, they are
able to picture things in their minds.
 a.
representational thought
 b. conservation
 c. egocentric thought
 d. attachment
 During
the ____ stage of cognitive
development (described by Jean Piaget),
children develop the ability to use logical
schemas.
 a. sensorimotor
 b. preoperational
 c. concrete operations
 d. formal operations
 In
Harry Harlow's surrogate mother
experiment, young monkeys chose the
cloth mother out of their need for
 a.
food.
 b. object permanence.
 c. imprinting.
 d. physical contact comfort.
 Which
of the following parenting styles
allows children and adolescents to
participate in decisions that affect their
lives?
 a. authoritarian family
 b. democratic/authoritative family
 c. permissive family
 d. laissez-faire family
 According
to this psychologist, building
an identity is unique to the adolescent
stage?
 a.
Sigmund Frued
 b. Margaret Mead
c.
d.
Erik Erickson
Hans Wagner
 During
the ____ stage of psychosexual
development (described by Sigmund
Freud), children push sexual desires into
the background and become involved in
exploring the world and learning new
skills.
 a. oral
c.genital
 b. anal
d.latency
 Margaret
Mead theorized that
adolescence marked by storm and stress
was a by-product of
 a. a less-developed country.
 b. an industrialized society.
 c. declining morality.
 d. a transitional society.
 The
first major theory of adolescence,
presented by G. Stanley Hall, presented
adolescence as a(n)
 a. enjoyable time in life.
 b. learning stage in which children
learned to be adults.
 c. transitional stage characterized by
storm and stress.
 d. continuous development pattern from
childhood to young adulthood.
 According
to Piaget, during adolescence,
the ____ cognitive stage is typically
reached.
 a. sensorimotor
 b. preoperational
 c. concrete operations
 d. formal operations
 If
adolescents develop a "messiah
complex," they think they can
 a. convert others to their religion.
 b. save the world from evil and are
invincible
 c. excel in every way.
 d. none of the above.
 Out
of the 6 stages presented by David
Elkind, adolescents will usually find fault
with these types of figures, which they
once idolized but now realize do not live
up to their standards?
 a. Authority figures
c.Teachers
 b. Peers
d.Parents
 The
identity category, proposed by
Jamses Marcia, in which adolescents have
considered many possible identities and
freely committed themselves to
occupations and other important life
matters is
 a. identity moratorium.
 b. identity foreclosure.
 c. identity diffusion.
 d. identity achievement.
 Which
of the following researchers
believed that crisis is involved in
adolescent identity development?
 a.
A.C. Peterson and James Marcia
 b. Erik Erikson and James Marcia
 c. A.C. Peterson and Margaret Mead
 d. Erik Erikson and Albert Bandura
 Peer
groups tend to set the standards on
such matters as
 a. marriage and religion.
 b. most basic values.
 c. educational plans.
 d. fashion and music preferences.
 One
of the principal developmental tasks
for adolescents is




a.
b.
c.
d.
becoming independent of their families.
learning to depend on others for help.
getting a job so they can move out on their ow
breaking away from their peers.
 Which
of the following behaviors do
depressed teenagers exhibit?
 a. rebelliousness
 b. withdrawal
 c.drug and alcohol use
 d. all of the above
1
in every 100 teenage girls will suffer
from this, a serious eating disorder
characterized by a fear of gaining weight
that results in prolonged self-starvation
and dramatic weight loss
 a. anorexia
c.drug abuse
 b. depression
d.bulimia
 Which
of the following is NOT a function
of a clique?
a. It fulfills the need for closeness with others.
 b. It gives the adolescent a way of establishing an
identity.
 c.
It helps the adolescent achieve self-confidence
and a sense of independence from family.
 d. It defines an adolescent's basic values about
marriage, religion, and future educational plans.

 The
____ theory states that children
acquire gender roles by interacting with
their environment and thinking about
those experiences.
 a. social learning
 b. biological
 c.cognitive-developmental
 d. psychoanalytical
 Your
awareness of being male or female
or your physical or biological makeup is
your
 a. gender role.
 b. gender identity.
 c. gender stereotype.
 d. gender schema.
 The
transition period between childhood
and adolescence is known as
 a.
Teenager
 b. Adolescence
c.Children
d. Hoodlums
 As
an adolscent, Parents/Guardians will
have the most affect on your decisions
based on
 a.
Religion
 b. Marriage
c.Educational future
d.All the above