Journal Topic for Monday, Sept. 17th, 2012:
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How many different forms of poetry can
you name? What do you know about
each? Where did you learn this
information?
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Understanding Poetry
Forms of Poetry
There are many forms of poetry including the:
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Couplet
Tercet
Acrostic
Cinquain
Haiku
Senryu
Concrete Poem
Free Verse
Limerick
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Lines and Stanzas
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Most poems are
written in lines.
A group of lines in
a poem is called a
stanza.
Stanzas separate
ideas in a poem.
They act like
paragraphs.
This poem has two
stanzas.
March
A blue day
A blue jay
And a good beginning.
One crow,
Melting snow –
Spring’s winning!
By Eleanor Farjeon
4
Couplet
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A couplet is a poem,
or stanza in a poem,
written in two lines.
Usually rhymes.
The Jellyfish
Who wants my jellyfish?
I’m not sellyfish!
By Ogden Nash
5
Tercet
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A tercet is a poem, or
stanza, written in three
lines.
Usually rhymes.
Lines 1 and 2 can
rhyme; lines 1 and 3 can
rhyme; sometimes all 3
lines rhyme.
Winter Moon
How thin and sharp is the moon tonight!
How thin and sharp and ghostly white
Is the slim curved crook of the moon tonight!
By Langston Hughes
6
Quatrain
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A quatrain is a poem, or
stanza, written in four
lines.
The quatrain is the most
common form of stanza
used in poetry.
Usually rhymes.
Can be written in variety
of rhyming patterns.
This is what I usually
refer to as a “traditional”
poem.
The Lizard
The lizard is a timid thing
That cannot dance or fly or sing;
He hunts for bugs beneath the floor
And longs to be a dinosaur.
By John Gardner
7
Traditional Cinquain
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A cinquain is a poem
written in five lines that do
not rhyme.
Traditional cinquain has
five lines containing 22
syllables in the following
pattern:
Line 1 – 2 syllables
Line 2 – 4 syllables
Line 3 – 6 syllables
Line 4 – 8 syllables
Line 5 – 2 syllables
Oh, cat
are you grinning
curled in the window seat
as sun warms you this December
morning?
By Paul B. Janezco
8
Word-Count Cinquain
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Word-count cinquain for younger
students uses the following
pattern:
Line 1: One word (title)
Line 2: Two words (describe the
title)
Line 3: Three words (describe an
action)
Line 4: Four words (describe a
feeling)
Line 5: One word (another word for
title)
Owl
Swift, ferocious
Watches for food
Soaring through the night
Hunter
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Diamante
Diamante Pattern
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A diamante is a sevenline poem written in the
shape of a diamond.
Does not rhyme.
Follows pattern.
Can use synonyms or
antonyms.
(See next two slides for
examples.)
Line 1 – Your topic (noun)
Line 2 – Two adjectives about
Line 3 – Three “ing” words about
Line 4 – Four nouns or short
phrase linking topic (or topics)
Line 5 – Three “ing” words about
Line 5 – Two adjectives about
Line 7 – Your ending topic (noun)
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Synonym Diamante
Monsters
Creepy, sinister,
Hiding, lurking, stalking,
Vampires, mummies, werewolves and more –
Chasing, pouncing eating,
Hungry, scary,
Creatures
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Antonym Diamante
Day
Bright, sunny,
Laughing, playing, doing,
Up in the east, down in the west –
Talking, resting, sleeping,
Quiet, dark,
Night
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Haiku
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A haiku is a Japanese
poem with 3 lines of 5, 7,
and 5 syllables. (Total of
17 syllables.)
Does not rhyme.
Is about an aspect of
nature or the seasons.
Captures a moment in
time.
Little frog among
rain-shaken leaves, are you, too,
splashed with fresh, green paint?
by Gaki
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Senryu
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A senryu follows same
pattern as haiku.
Written in 3 unrhymed
lines of 5, 7, and 5
syllables, with total of 17
syllables.
Is about human nature,
rather than natural world.
First day, new school year,
backpack harbors a fossil…
last June’s cheese sandwich.
By Cristine O’Connell George
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Concrete Poem
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A concrete poem (also
called shape poem) is
written in the shape of
its subject.
The way the words are
arranged is as important
what they mean.
Does not have to rhyme.
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Free Verse
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A free verse poem
does not use rhyme or
patterns.
Can vary freely in
length of lines,
stanzas, and subject.
Revenge
When I find out
who took
the last cooky
out of the jar
and left
me a bunch of
stale old messy
crumbs, I'm
going to take
me a handful
and crumb
up someone's bed.
By Myra Cohn Livingston
16
Acrostic
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In an acrostic poem
the first letter of each
line, read down the
page, spells the
subject of the poem.
Type of free verse
poem.
Does not usually
rhyme.
Loose brown parachute
Escaping
And
Floating on puffs of air.
by Paul Paolilli
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Limerick
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A limerick is a funny
poem of 5 lines.
Lines 1, 2 & 5 rhyme.
Lines 3 & 4 are
shorter and rhyme.
Line 5 refers to line 1.
Limericks are a kind
of nonsense poem.
There Seems to Be a Problem
I really don’t know about Jim.
When he comes to our farm for a swim,
The fish as a rule,
jump out of the pool.
Is there something the matter with him?
By John Ciardi
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Nonsense Poems
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A nonsense poem is a
humorous poem with
silly characters and
actions. It is meant to
be fun.
Can be written as a
limerick or as another
form of poetry.
A Princess Laments
I kissed a frog because I’d heard
That it would turn into a prince.
That’s not exactly what occurred,
And I’ve been croaking ever since.
by Jack Prelutsky
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Word Play
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Some poets use a
special kind of word
play by making up
words or misspelling
them on purpose.
The Walrus
The pounding spatter
Of salty sea
Makes the walrus
Walrusty.
By Douglas Florian
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