Foundations for
Domestic Developments
Different types of
foundation
• Strip
• Pile
Concrete Strip Foundation
for Cavity Wall
Foundations
• Here we see the lines
marked out on the
ground.
• These are the guide lines
used by the excavator
operator to remove the
foundation soil.
• Lines are put on from the
crossheads.
Marking out foundations
• Previous slide shows
double lines to indicate
width of foundation.
• An alternative is to use
a single centre line.
• Dry lime or sawdust is
used to mark out the
foundations.
Foundations
• All structures require a
foundation.
• The foundation
supports the building
loads and distributes
them to the
surrounding subsoil's.
• Foundation type must
suit building and site.
• Choice has to be
made.
Foundations crosshead
• A crosshead in position.
• Used when setting out the
building.
• Dimensions are marked out
on horizontal crosshead by
the engineer.
• Dimensions for founds,
walls and frameworks
clearly marked.
Foundations
• Trench is excavated for
the strip foundation.
• Wooden peg are driven in
at suitable intervals.
• These pegs are levelled to
the depth of concrete.
• Concrete will be poured to
the depth of the pegs.
• Concrete left to harden
before building starts.
Foundations
• Here we see some
concrete poured into
the foundation trench.
• Reinforcement is
being placed to give
added strength to the
foundation.
• Concrete finally
poured to top of pegs.
Foundations
• Foundation concrete
has being allowed to
gain sufficient
strength.
• Bricklayer will now
commence building
the footings to the
building.
• Footings are built up to
ground level.
Pile Foundations
• Pile foundations are used
underling substrata is
weak.
• The most cost affective
solution is to use driven
pre-cast concrete piles.
• These piles must be
driven to suitable depth
of bearing strata.
Pile Foundations
• Piles are cut of at
ground level to
expose
reinforcement.
• Permanent formwork
is built to support
concrete.
• Note wall are built
from a concrete mud
mat.
Stepped Strip Foundations
• These are used on
sloping sites to reduce
the amount of
excavation and
materials needed to
produce an adequate
foundation.