{
Tier 1: Individual Student
Michele Wackman, School Psychologist #623
Whole School
Classroom
Non-classroom
Student
Family
“Arguably the quality of the
relationships teachers have with
students is the key-stone of effective
management and perhaps even the
entirety of teaching”
Robert J. Marzano
Energy Flows Where Attention Goes
Acknowledge Appropriate vs.
Inappropriate Behavior
Ratio at least 4:1
 Interact positively once every 5 minutes
 Follow correction for behavior violation
with positive reinforcement for rule
following

What Does 4:1 Really Mean?

Due to the nature of the behavior,
we want to focus on:



Interacting with a student
when they are demonstrating a
positive behavior rather than a
negative one
Dealing with a negative behavior privately (avoid
embarrassing/humiliating)
Ignore “junk” behavior (don’t get drawn into a power
struggle)
Praise Publicly and
rebuke/redirect
privately
“Bank Account” Analogy $$$
“Relationships are like emotional bank
accounts. … we, are constantly making
credits/ deposits OR debits / withdrawals to
our relational accounts by our words and
actions.”
Seven Habits of Highly Effective People
By Stephen Covey
Also in “Incredible Years” Parenting Program
How will staff in your
building make deposits into
students’ bank accounts? (so
that when you need to make
a withdrawal there’s not a
negative balance)
The Three R’s
Rapport
2. Relationship
3. Respect
1.
Culturally & Linguistically Responsive Teaching
and Learning
By Sharroky Hollie
Building
Rapport
Non-Contingent
Feedback
Getting To Know
Students




Meet & Greet by Name
Active Supervision
Interactions
Casual Conversations
Non-verbals (tone,
smiles, thumbs up, high
five, nod, hug etc.)
Ways to Build Relationships
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Greet them at the door (smile & first name)
Respond to journal entries with personal notes
Learn about their lives (interview them)
Share your life with students
Regularly say: “I’m so happy you’re part of my class”,
“I’m so glad you’re here today”, “It’s great to see you
today.”
Call parents to celebrate (in front of students)
Have lunch with kids
Deliver consequences with empathy
Encourage discussions that let students be the center of
attention
Attend students’ extracurricular events or community
activities
What can ALL staff do
the first 6-8 weeks of
school to build positive
relationships with
students?
Meet and Greet
Teachers who stand at the door and greet their students have fewer
disruptions throughout the day -Boynton, M. & Boynton, C.
(2005)
True for Elementary and Secondary students
TUMS




Touch
Use name
Make eye contact
Smile
Top Rapport Building Ideas
It really is ALL ABOUT YOU!

Lighten Up…be
playful when you
can.
SMILE…Keep
Smiling…Smile
Some More!

Let students get
to know
you…tell stories
about you

Increase your
accessibility

Know your
students’
names and get
to know them
individually

Learn about
your
students’
racial &
cultural
background

Use local and
personally
relevant
examples


Treat students
respectfullyavoid sarcasm

Don’t take a
student’s
misbehavior
personally

Explain why
when there are
problems
Be enthusiastic
about what you
teach

Think about a favorite
teacher you had when you
were in school? Why
were they a favorite?
“In years to come, a child may
forget what you taught them.
But will always remember how
you made them feel.”
~~ Steven Krushen
The Tipping Point
3 positive emotions to 1
negative emotion
•More resilient to
adversity
•Effortlessly achieve what
they once could only
imagine.
Dr. Barbara Fredrickson, Univ. of No. Carolina
•15 minute observation of
newlyweds’ conversation
•Used 5 to 1 ratio to
predict who would stay
together
•10 year follow-up: 94%
prediction accuracy
Dr. John Gottman, The Gottman
Relationship Institute
Teams
 High Performance = 5.6 P/N
 Medium Performance= 1.9
P/N
 Low Performance = 0.36 to 1
(more negative than
positive)
(Losada & Heaphy, 2004)
Team Action Planning
As a TEAM….
Update your action
plan to include how
you will train staff on
Tier 1—Individual
Student
*How?
*Who?
*What materials will
you need?
Quad Sharing…
Break up into levels:
--Early Childhood
--Elementary
--Junior High
--High School
*Share ONE IDEA for
how your team will
implement Tier 1
Individual Student
practices