I.The Colonies w/in the Empire
• A. MercantilismClosed Economic
System? Why did the
powers of Europe
seek Empire?
– Based on two
assumptions.
– Bullionism
l
I.Colonies w/in Empire
• B. Navigation Laws:
For the good of the
Empire?
– Board of Trade by
1696.
– Privy Council
– First Acts 1650: Hat
Act, Iron Act, Woolen
Cloth, Currency, Gin,
Molasses Act 1733
I. The Colonies w/in Empire
• C. Colonies Thrived
w/in system?
– Agricultural
Commodities
– Shipbuilding: Critical to
British Power
– Trade-Triangular and
otherwise
– Colonial Cities
– Ben Franklin: Paid
Lobbyist
II. The Great War for Empire
(AKAThe French & Indian War)
A. 1754-1763: Why did
it start?
-Early: Braddock
-William Pitt
-Treat of Paris 1763
B. British Victory
changes everything
-Doubled the size of
the British Debt!
-Doubled British
Territory
French and Indian War Images
• Albany Plan of Union
• Plains of Abraham
III. Changes in the Empire
• A. British change
view on how to run
Colonial America to a
more Rational
Approach to Empire.
-Early Br.-Col. Conflicts
1. Experience during
war causes enmity
2. Writs of Assistance
3. Proclamation of 1763
IV. New Imperial Policy
• British believed that
colonies should help
to pay off the debt
from the war that
mostly benefitted the
American Colonies.
Colonists should also
pay for their own
defense.
• Lord Grenville’s
Dilemma?
IV. New Imperial Policy
• Problem?
• Sugar Act 1764
Reaction?
• Stamp Act 1765
Reaction?
Reaction to Stamp Act
• Constitutionally
“No Taxation without
Representation”
Did the Colonists
want representation in
Parliament??
• Forceful Resistance
Sam Adams
Sons of Liberty
Stamp Act Congress
Boycott
Reaction to the Stamp Act
Stamp Act Repealed
British still need revenue
•
•
•
•
Declaratory Act
Why?
Lesson for the Colonists?
Townshend Duties-Why did the British
government think the colonists would react
differently?
• Colonial Reaction
– Letters From A Farmer In Pennsylvania
– John Dickinson
Townshend Duties Failure
Difference in concept of
Representstion
Virtual Representation vs.
Small Duty/Tax on Tea
Remains
Deputy Representation
Colonial Resistance
Contiues
Tar and Feathering
Differring Points of View
American Colonists
• Admiralty Courts
• Troops quartered in NY
• Suspension of NY
Assembly
• Taxation
• John Wilkes
• Troops moved to Boston
in 1768
• Lessons learned
British Government
Boston 1770
Situation in Boston
Impact of Troops
Impact of Unemployment
HMS Romney seizes Liberty
Christopher Seider’s Murder
The Boston Massacre (March 5,1770)
Boston Massacre Reality??
The Gaspee Incident (1772)
Providence, RI coast
Committees
of Correspondence
Purpose  warn neighboring colonies
about incidents with Br.
 broaden the resistance
movement.
Tea Act (1773)
8 British East India Co.:
 Monopoly on Br. tea
imports.
 Many members of
Parl. held shares.
 Permitted the Co. to
sell tea directly to
cols. without col.
middlemen
(cheaper tea!)
8 North expected the
cols. to eagerly choose
the cheaper tea.
Boston Tea Party (1773)
The Coercive or Intolerable
Acts (1774)
1. Port Bill
2. Government Act
3. New Quartering
Act
Lord North
4. Administration of
Justice Act
The Quebec Act (1774)
Boston Canonaded
What is happening in this
Cartoon? Quarter it.
First Continental Congress (1774)
55 delegates from 12 colonies
Agenda  How to
respond to the
Coercive Acts &
the Quebec Act?
1 vote per colony
represented.
The British Are Coming . . .
Paul Revere & William Dawes make their
midnight ride to warn the Minutemen of
approaching British soldiers.
The Shot Heard ’Round the World!
Lexington & Concord – April 18,1775
The Second Continental Congress
(1775)
Olive Branch Petition
Thomas Paine: Common Sense
Declaration of Independence
(1776)
Declaration of Independence
Independence Hall
New
National Symbols