Irregular and Stem-changing
Preterite Verbs
Introduction: Review of Spanish
Sounds
Objectives for this Presentation
By the end of this presentation, you should be able to answer the
following questions, and complete the following tasks:
1. Accurately pronounce the letters “C” and “G” in front of different
vowels.
2. Explain what two letters can’t be “friends” in Spanish.
3. Which pronoun is the ONLY one that changes in the preterite if
the verb ends in –CAR, -GAR or –ZAR
4. How to conjugate these verbs
in the preterite.
5. Explain what a SANDAL verb is in Spanish stem-changing verbs
in the preterite.
6. Conjugate the stem-changing verbs in the Preterite that are in the
list.
Consonante Especial:
C
C→a, o, u = ka ko ku
C→e, i = se, si
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Casa (house)
Cinco(five)
Celoso (jealous)
Ciencias (science)
Cicatriz (scar)
Consonante Especial:
G
G→a, o, u = “ga, go, gu”
G→e, i = “je, ji”
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Gaviota (seagull)
Gallo (rooster)
Gemelo (twin)
Gimnasio (gymnasium)
Gigante (giant)
La Letra Loca: Z (Zeta)
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In most countries, the “Z” sounds like the English “S”
In Spain, the “Z” makes a “th” sound
Spanish does not like for the letter “Z” to be friends
with the vowel “E”! Soooo, when the two are together
in a word, the Z changes to a C! Crazy, hu?!! There
are very, very few words in Spanish that have a “z”
next to the vowel “e”
This is important as we look at our next set of crazy
preterite verbs – group #3.
VERBOS – PRETERITO
IRREGULAR GRUPO #4
This
Group of Funky-Chicken Irregular Verbs only Change in the
YO form!!! All of the other conjugations are conjugated just
like a REGULAR –AR Verb.
The Left Side of your blank sheet of construction paper is
where you will take notes on this Group of Verbs.
These verbs change because of the pronunciation rules that
we just reviewed on the previous slide – that is, they all
change a letter in the YO form in order to maintain the correct
pronunciation of the sound of –G, -C, or –Z not being able to
be friends with “e”.
Watch
the following video and take notes on the LEFT side of
your Blank Construction Paper.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JcKPo9b0IDs
-CAR, -GAR, -ZAR VERBS
YOU NEED TO KNOW!
-CAR
-GAR
-ZAR
TOCAR
SACAR
EXPLICAR
LLEGAR
PAGAR
JUGAR
EMPEZAR
CRUZAR
ALMORZAR
STEM-CHANGING VERB IN
PRETERITE (PART I, INTRO)
REVIEW and REMEMBER! Don’t write anything down!
Remember
that we learned in the PRESENT tense there are stemchanging verbs that occur in three primary ways:
1.
2.
3.
O changes to UE, like ALMORZAR, (sometimes it may be a U to a UE,
like in JUGAR)
E changes to I, for example, verbs like SEGUIR, PEDIR
E changes to IE, for example, like CERRAR, ENTENDER
Remember, also we call these BOOT verbs because the pronouns that
undergo the stem-change are shaped like a boot. In other words, all the
conjugations change, EXCEPT the NOSOTROS form…
STEM-CHANGING VERB IN
PRETERITE (PART 2)
On the right side of your colored construction paper, you
will take notes on this slide…
First
point, the stem-changing verbs in the present tense are USUALLY not stem-changing in
the PRETERITE. How do you know which ones are? MEMORIZE THEM!!
Second point, stem-changing verbs in the preterite are not Boot Verbs, but are SANDAL VERBS.
Third point, the stem-change ONLY HAPPENS IN 3rd person Singular and Plural Conjugations,
which means, only the el/ella/ud form and the ellos/ellas, uds. Form.
Finally, Watch this video to see exactly what I mean.
You need to memorize the following list of verbs that are stem-changing in the Preterite:
1.
DORMIR
6. PEDIR
2.
MORIR
7. PREFERIR
3.
SERVIR
8. REPETIR
4.
PERDIR
9. COMPETIR
5.
SEGUIR
NOW IT’S TIME TO
PRACTICE!!
Go to www.conjuguemos.com. Login and then select “Spanish
verbs” and practice the exercises #9, and #10. Verbs in #10 are the
verbs we learned in class, #9 are the ones contained in this
PowerPoint. Suerte!!