© UNICEF/201
TOWARDS EQUITABLE EARLY
CHILDHOOD DEVELOPMENT
By Lieke van de Wiel, ROSA
1
CONTEXT AND UNICEF MANDATE
• Global Context
• UNICEF’s Focus
• UNICEF’s Strategies
RELEVANT SECTORS AND ENTRY POINTS
• Nutrition
• Protection: Early detection
• Health
• Education
• Adolescents Development
SOUTH ASIA FOCUS
• Evidence Strengthening
• Convergence between sectors
• Equity: Groups and Geographically
CASE OF EARLY CHILDHOOD STIMULATION
RATIONALE:
• Improves nutritional and educational
outcomes
• Prevents developmental delays and
adverse health outcomes
• Improves quality of life of young parents
KEY QUESTIONS
What interventions in early childhood
stimulation are:
• Most effective in bringing about equitable
outcomes and
• Most strategic = cost-effective,
sustainable, feasible
EARLY STIMULATION
OVERALL OBJECTIVE
To recommend a set of
strategies to promote early
stimulation and reduce
disparities in child outcomes
SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES
• Integration of stimulation in
existing interventions
• Strengthening stimulation
interventions
© UNICEF/2006/Dang
• Address barriers to access
for most deprived
METHODOLOGY
BHUTAN
NEPAL
SRI LANKA
✔
✔
✔
BMIS 2011
MICS 2011
WFP/UNICEF
Survey 2009
✔
✔
✔
Government & partners mobilised
✔
✔
✔
Cross-sectoral discussions initiated
✔
✔
✔
Scenarios assessed
✔
✔
✔
Integration/strengthening
recommendations designed
✔
✔
✔
Recommendations implementation
✔
✔
PREPARATORY WORK
Background research completed
Indicators and data sources
identified
Preliminary bottleneck analysis
undertaken
COUNTRY LEVEL
PROPOSITION DEVELOPMENT
BOTTLENECK ANALYSIS
KEY QUESTIONS
• Which children under the age of three are
most deprived of early stimulation?
• What strategies can address this
deprivation and bring about equitable
outcomes?
• What is the estimated marginal cost of
implementing these strategies?
TANAHASHI MODEL EXAMPLE
100.0
90.0
Childcaregiver
contact
Training
Caregiverservice
provider
contact
ACCESS
Stimulation
Playing
with
homemade
toys
Attending
early
childhood
education
UTILISATION
CONTINUITY
EFFECTIVE
COVERAGE
80.0
70.0
60.0
50.0
40.0
30.0
20.0
10.0
0.0
COMMODITY
HUMAN
RESOURCES
SUPPLY
DEMAND
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COVERAGE DETERMINANTS
BHUTAN
SRI LANKA
NEPAL (Mid/Far West)
COMMODITY
% children (<5) not
left alone/with a child
% children (<5) not left
alone/with a child
% children (<5) not left
alone/with a child
HUMAN
RESOURCES
% non-formal
education (NFE)
facilitators trained in
early stimulation
% mothers who
accessed child welfare
clinic (CWC)
% FCHVs who attended
a meeting (last month)
ACCESS
% population (15+)
enrolled in NFE
% mothers who received % FCHVs who
ECCE advice from CWC participated in 7+
mothers’ group meetings
(last 12 months)
UTLISATION
% children (3-4) with
whom an adult
engaged in 4+
activities
% children (3-4) with
whom an adult engaged
in 4+ activities
% children (3-4) with
whom an adult in 4+
activities
CONTINUITY
% children (<5) who
play with homemade
toys
% children (<5) who
play with homemade
toys
% children (<5) who play
with homemade toys
EFFECTIVE
COVERAGE
% children (3-4)
attending ECCD
% children (3-4)
attending ECE
% children (3-4) 11
attending ECE
SRI LANKA: MOTHER’S EDUCATION
100
90
80
70
60
50
None
40
Primary
30
Secondary
20
Passed GC
Higher
10
0
Commodity:
Human
Access: % Utilisation % Continuity: % Effective
% Children Resources: Children (<5) Children (3-4) Children (<5) coverage: %
(2-5) not left % Children
whose
with whom who play with Chidlren (3-4)
with a child
(<5) who
mothers
adult
homemade
attending
attended
received
engaged in
toys
ECE
CWC
ECCD advice 4+ activities
WFP/UNICEF Food Security and Nutrition Survey 2009/10
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CWC: Child Welfare Clinic
SRI LANKA
• Enhance early stimulation components of
MCH and nutrition
• Provide technical support to implement an
M&E system for stimulation
• Develop of an ECD strategy for children
with special needs
NEPAL
• Establish a working group to refine the
integrated stimulation-nutrition plan
• Reinforce stimulation in the MoE’s
parenting classes and reach the
vulnerable groups with the classes
• Research stimulation-nutrition pilot to
guide collaborative initiatives between
ECD facilitators and FCHVs
BHUTAN
• Disseminate early stimulation
(comprehensive parenting class) through
Non-Formal Education
• Include early stimulation in IMNCI and an
IYCF package
• Develop an advocacy strategy to integrate
stimulation in nutrition and other sectors
• Increase preschool in disadvantaged
areas
LOOKING FORWARD
• Strategic Positioning and Concretizing
• Capacity in disability and multi-lingual
early education
• Adolescents Development
THANK YOU
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