U.S. History Review
Great Awakening
A period of history
that saw:
An increase in
religious tolerance
An increase in
religious practice
An increase in ideas
of equality
The Declaration of
Independence
Said that people were endowed by their
creator with certain unalienable rights. This
means rights that cannot be taken away.
It went on the say that if government tried to
take rights away from people, the people
could establish a new government.
The Articles of
Confederation
First government of the United States
Gave more power to the states instead
of the national government.
Did not give the government the power
to tax.
Shays’ Rebellion
Rebellion caused by
high taxes on
farmers.
Showed the need for
a strong national
government
The Constitution
The fundamental laws
of the United States.
Changes are called
amendments
Has a system of
checks and balances
so that one branch of
government does not
get too strong.
First Amendment
Protects the rights of freedom of
speech, press, assembly, religion, and
petition.
Three-Fifths Compromise
Counted slaves as three-fifths of a
person for the purposes of taxation and
representation
Federalism
The practice of sharing power between
the states and federal government
Jefferson vs. Hamilton
The result of the dispute between Thomas
Jefferson and Alexander Hamilton was the
creation of political parties.
Hamilton wanted the economy to be
based on manufacturing.
Jefferson wanted the economy to be
based on agriculture.
Hamilton represented the Federalist Party.
Jefferson represented the DemocraticRepublican Party.
Powers of Congress
Declare war
Create money
Collect taxes
Washington’s
Farewell Address
Washington warned against the
creation of political parties and
alliances with other nations.
Judicial Review
The power of the Supreme Court to
overturn laws that they feel are
unconstitutional
James Fennimore Cooper
Author of Last of the
Mohicans
Best remembered
for his story of
frontier life
What does the process below show?
Women’s Suffrage Movement
The Women’s Suffrage Movement
wanted women to have as many rights
as men.
What is the belief that said that the
United States was meant to spread
across the continent?
Manifest destiny
What was the main cause of
the War of 1812?
Impressment of American sailors
What was the spoils system
and who used it?
In the spoils system, President
Jackson appointed his political
supporters to government jobs.
What was the main purpose
of the Lewis and Clark
expedition?
To explore
the Louisiana
Territory
What did the Monroe
Doctrine state?
That the United States would not allow
any European interference in the
western hemisphere
Which area on the map was gained by the
U.S. in 1848 as a result of the MexicanAmerica War?
Missouri Compromise
The North and South had kept the balance of
free and slave states. This was threatened
when Missouri was going to join the Union as
a slave state. To keep the balance, Maine
was brought into the Union at the same time.
The Missouri Compromise maintained the
balance between slave and free states
Compromise of 1850
In 1850, there was another problem with free
and slave states. All of the territory won in the
war with Mexico would become states soon.
The issue was solved by allowing California
into the Union as a free state, and having the
territories of New Mexico, Nevada, Arizona,
and Utah decide the issue of slavery
themselves.
California was admitted to the Union as a free
state.
The Dred Scott Case
Dred Scott was a slave.
His owner took him to a free state in the North.
Scott sued for his freedom because he was in a
free state.
The case went all the way to the Supreme
Court.
The Supreme Court ruled that Dred Scott was a
slave and therefore property, so he could not
sue.
The court also said that Congress could not
ban slavery in the territories.
Who was Frederick
Douglass?
A runaway slave
An abolitionist
Writer of an
abolitionist
newspaper called
The North Star
Who was Harriet Tubman?
An abolitionist
and leader of the
Underground
Railroad
Who was William Lloyd
Garrison?
An abolitionist
leader and editor of
the influential
abolitionist
newspaper The
Liberator
What do Harriet Tubman, William
Lloyd Garrison, and Frederick
Douglass have in common?
They were all abolitionists.
How did Henry Clay’s American
System try to improve the
transportation system in the U.S.?
By creating more canals and roads
What right did women lose between 1777
and 1851?
The cotton gin was invented in 1793. Look at
the chart below. What was the long term
effect of this invention?
The Emancipation
Proclamation
The Emancipation Proclamation
declared that slaves in the Confederate
states would be free.
Nullification
The idea that states have the right to
reject laws made by Congress is called
nullification.
54th Massachusetts
Regiment
Made up one of the first AfricanAmerican regiments in the Civil War.
Battle of Gettysburg
Was the turning point of the war
Confederate army never invaded the
North again
Lee lost nearly 1/3 of his army.
14th and 15th amendments
The goal of the 14th and 15th
amendments was to give rights to
formerly enslaved persons
Freedmen’s Bureau
Helped resolve disputes between whites
and blacks
Set up schools for newly freed slaves
Provided relief for those people
displaced by the war.
New technology in the Civil
War
deadlier cannons and bullets
ironclad warships
more accurate rifles
Reconstruction
The immediate goal of Reconstruction was
to bring the Southern states back into the
Union.
The goal of the 14th and 15th
amendments was to give rights to formerly
enslaved persons.
Reconstruction
The Freedmen’s Bureau helped resolve
conflicts between blacks and whites.
They set up schools for newly freed slaves.
Provided relief for those people hurt by the
war.
Poll taxes, literacy tests, and grandfather
clauses were designed by Southern
lawmakers prevent African-Americans from
voting.