Securing Grid Control Copyright © 2006, Oracle. All rights reserved. Objectives After completing this lesson, you should be able to: • Describe the security options available for Oracle Management Service and Oracle Management Agent • Configure Grid Control for use with proxy servers and through firewalls • Authenticate Grid Control administrators using Single Sign-On • Configure Grid Control for use with Enterprise User Security 5-2 Copyright © 2006, Oracle. All rights reserved. Grid Control Security Grid Control security has two primary goals: • Ensuring secure transfer of data between Grid Control components • Denying unauthorized users access to Grid Control monitoring data and administrative controls 5-3 Copyright © 2006, Oracle. All rights reserved. Securing Grid Control Enterprise Manager Framework Security provides safe and secure communication between the Grid Control components through: • Working with security features of Oracle HTTP Server • Implementing HTTPS and Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) components for communications between Oracle Management Service (OMS) and Oracle Management Agents • Using Oracle Advanced Security for communications between OMS and the Management Repository 5-4 Copyright © 2006, Oracle. All rights reserved. Grid Control Security Framework Grid Control Security Framework provides secure (encrypted) communication between Grid Control components: • Agent <-> OMS • OMS <-> Repository OC4J EM Web OHS Cache Encrypted channel 5-5 OMS Encrypted channel Copyright © 2006, Oracle. All rights reserved. Verify that Oracle Management Agents Are Secure 5-6 Copyright © 2006, Oracle. All rights reserved. Managing Agent Registration Passwords Use Grid Control to: • Change agent registration passwords • Create or remove additional registration passwords 5-7 Copyright © 2006, Oracle. All rights reserved. Refusing Nonsecure Uploads Configure OMS to refuse unencrypted uploads. 1. Stop all OMS services. 2. Configure OMS to refuse uploads via HTTP. 3. Start all OMS services. $ emctl secure lock 5-8 Copyright © 2006, Oracle. All rights reserved. Securing OMS–Repository Communication To secure communication between the OMS and repository, enable the Oracle Advanced Security Option (ASO) for: 1. Repository 2. OMS 3. Agent monitoring the repository database 5 - 10 Copyright © 2006, Oracle. All rights reserved. Enabling ASO for the Repository Modify ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/sqlnet.ora to request encryption: • SQLNET.ENCRYPTION_SERVER • SQLNET.CRYPTO_SEED SQLNET.ENCRYPTION_SERVER=REQUESTED SQLNET.CRYPTO_SEED="abcdefg123456789" OMR 5 - 11 Copyright © 2006, Oracle. All rights reserved. Enabling ASO for Each OMS ASO for the OMS is configured through entries in OMS_HOME/sysman/config/emoms.properties. oracle.sysman.emRep.dbConn.enableEncryption=TRUE oracle.net.encryption_types_client=(DES40C) oracle.net.encryption_client=REQUESTED Stop and restart the OMS to implement the new parameters. 5 - 12 Copyright © 2006, Oracle. All rights reserved. Enabling ASO for the Agent Create AGENT_HOME/network/admin/sqlnet.ora as a text file with the following entry: • SQLNET.CRYPTO_SEED SQLNET.CRYPTO_SEED="abcdefg123456789" 5 - 13 Copyright © 2006, Oracle. All rights reserved. Securing Application Server Control Stand-alone Application Server Control console may also be configured for secure operation: • Stop the stand-alone console: – emctl stop iasconsole • Secure the stand-alone console: – emctl secure em • Start the stand-alone console: – emctl start iasconsole 5 - 14 Copyright © 2006, Oracle. All rights reserved. Enabling Enterprise Manager Security Framework To enable Enterprise Manager Security Framework, the components must be configured in a specific order: 1. Secure the OMS (done by default in Grid Control R2). 2. For each Oracle Management Agent, stop it, secure it, and restart it: emctl stop agent emctl secure agent emctl start agent 3. When all agents are secure, lock the OMS: emctl secure lock 5 - 15 Copyright © 2006, Oracle. All rights reserved. Configuring Enterprise Manager for Firewalls Before configuring your firewall, consider the following: • It should be the last phase of the Enterprise Manager deployment. • For existing firewalls, open default Enterprise Manager communication ports until the installation and configuration processes are complete. • If enabling Enterprise Manager Framework Security, do not secure the agents until you confirm that HTTP and HTTPS traffic between the agent and Management Repository works. • After confirming that the OMS and Oracle Management Agents can communicate, complete the transition into secure mode and change firewall configuration as necessary. 5 - 16 Copyright © 2006, Oracle. All rights reserved. Firewall Configuration for Grid Control Components • Firewalls between the browser and the Grid Control console • Oracle Management Agent protected by a firewall • Management Service protected by a firewall • Firewalls between the Management Service and the Management Repository • Firewalls between Grid Control and a managed database target • Firewalls used with multiple Management Services • Firewalls to allow ICMP and UDP traffic for beacons • Firewalls when managing Oracle Application Server 5 - 17 Copyright © 2006, Oracle. All rights reserved. Configuring the Agent for Proxy Communication To configure the agent so that it communicates via a proxy server, perform the following steps: 1. Stop the Oracle Management Agent. 2. Add proxy information to AGENT_HOME/sysman/config/emd.properties: – REPOSITORY_PROXYHOST – REPOSITORY_PROXYPORT 3. Start the Oracle Management Agent. Proxy server 5 - 19 Copyright © 2006, Oracle. All rights reserved. Configuring the OMS for Proxy Communication To configure the OMS so that it communicates via a proxy server, perform the following steps: 1. Stop the OMS. 2. Add proxy information to OMS_HOME/sysman/config/emoms.properties. 3. Start the OMS. OC4J EM Proxy server 5 - 20 Copyright © 2006, Oracle. All rights reserved. Web OHS Cache OMS Authenticating Grid Control Administrators Grid Control administrators are: • Authenticated as repository database users • Created and managed through the Grid Control console If desired, administrators may be created, managed, and authenticated via Oracle Single Sign-On. 5 - 21 Copyright © 2006, Oracle. All rights reserved. Oracle Single Sign-On • Single Sign-On (SSO) is a component of Oracle Application Server that enables users to log in to Web applications by using a single username and password. • Configuring Grid Control to use Single Sign-On is a two-step process: 1. Configure the OMS to use SSO. 2. Add Grid Control users. 5 - 22 Copyright © 2006, Oracle. All rights reserved. Configuring the OMS for SSO To configure the OMS to use SSO, perform the following steps: 1. Stop the OMS. 2. Reconfigure the OMS to use SSO. 3. Start the OMS. emctl config sso –host <SSO Server> –port <SSO DB Listener Port> –sid <SSO DB SID> –pass <DB password for orasso> –das <URL for OIDDAS server> 5 - 23 - Copyright © 2006, Oracle. All rights reserved. OC4J EM Web OHS Cache OMS Enterprise User Security • With Enterprise User Security, database users are authenticated through a centralized directory. • Instead of storing management credentials for each target database, the OMS may be configured to use Enterprise User Security. Grid Control Oracle Internet Directory 5 - 24 Copyright © 2006, Oracle. All rights reserved. Configuring the OMS for Enterprise User Security To configure an OMS for use with Enterprise User Security, perform the following steps: 1. Stop all OMS services. 2. Edit emoms.properties to enable Enterprise User Security. 3. Start OMS services. OC4J EM Web OHS Cache 5 - 25 Copyright © 2006, Oracle. All rights reserved. OMS Summary In this lesson, you should have learned how to: • Describe the security options available for Oracle Management Service and Oracle Management Agent • Configure Grid Control for use with proxy servers and through firewalls • Authenticate Grid Control administrators using Single Sign-On • Configure Grid Control for use with Enterprise User Security 5 - 26 Copyright © 2006, Oracle. All rights reserved.