By: Luke Kasper
&
Dave Schuber

Ankle Anatomy
►
Bony
 Tibia (medial malleolus)
 Fibula (lateral malleolus)
 Talus
 Calcaneous
 Cuboid
 Cuneiforms
 Navicular

Ankle Anatomy (continued)
►
Ligaments
 Lateral
►
Anterior Talofibular Ligament (ATF)
 Most commonly injured ligament
►
Calcaneofibular Ligament (CF)
►
Posterior Talofibular Ligament (PTF)
 Medial
►
Deltoid Ligament
 Anterior
►
Anterior Tibiofibular Ligament

Ankle Anatomy (continued)
►
Lateral Ligaments
►
Medial Ligaments

Common Mechanisms of Injury
(MOI)
►
Inversion
 Damages the lateral ankle ligaments
 Most common type of ankle injury
►
Eversion
 Damages the medial ankle ligaments
►
Extreme Dorsiflexion
 Damages the anterior ankle ligaments

Rehabilitation Sequence
►
Range of Motion (ROM)
 Passive (PROM)
 Active (AROM)
►
Strengthening
 Basic to advanced
 Isometric to Isokinetic
 Open versus Closed kinetic chain
►
Next Stages

Rehabilitation Sequence
(continued)
►
Proprioception
 Balance
 Coordination
 Agility
►
Plyometrics
►
Functional Exercises
►
Return to Play

ROM
►
►
Decreased ROM following injury
Must increase ROM to prevent any gait abnormalities.
 Exercises
►
►
►
►
Towel Stretch
ABC’s Ankle Alphabets
Slant Board
Stationary Bike
►
Back to Sequence

Strengthening
►
Increase strength to help with stability of joint and return to prior strength levels
 Exercises
►
4 way Theraband
►
4 way ankle weights
►
BAPS board
►
Towel curls
►
Marble Pickups
►
Calf Raises
►
Back to Sequence

Proprioception
►
►
Proprioception is lost due to the damage to the sensory nerves in the ankle.
Body loses the ability to determine where it is without sight
 Exercises
►
►
►
►
Single leg balance
Single leg balance on different surfaces
PNF patterns
Jogging on trampoline
►
Back to Sequence

Plyometrics
►
Incorporates strength and proprioception
►
Power, quick movements
 Exercises
►
Hopping
►
Box jumps
►
Dot Drills Example Video
►
Back to Sequence

Functional Exercises
►
►
These drills should mimic the athletes sport, but in a controlled environment.
Drills should be sports specific.
 Examples
►
Football- running, cutting, blocking
►
Volleyball- agility, jumping, sliding
►
Soccer- running, cutting, kicking
►
Return to Play

Return to Play
►
Once the athlete has been cleared by the physician and team athletic trainer they are able to return to play.
►
They may have to wear some support or brace once they have returned.
 Donjoy
 Mueller
 Ankle Tape