Classical Roots
Lesson 1: NUMBERS
ROOTS
• MONOS
• UNUS
• DUO/DUPLEX
• BI
MONOS <G. ONE
MONOLOGUE
MONARCH
MONOGRAM
MONOPOLY
MONOLITH
MONOLOGUE
• a long speech made by one
performer or by one person in a
group
(logos <G. word, speech)
MONARCH
• A person who rules a kingdom or
group
• A king or queen, emperor or
empress
(arkos <G. ruler)
MONOGRAM
• A design composed of letters,
usually the first letter of a name
(gramma <G. letter)
MONOPOLY
• Exclusive control of the trade in
some item or service
• Sole ownership or control of
anything
(polein <G. to sell)
MONOLITH
• A large block of stone
• A large organization that acts as
a single unit
(lithos <G. stone)
PRACTICE!
WHICH WORD IS RELATED TO A
RULER?
MONOLITH? MONARCH? MONOGRAM?
(MONARCH)
PRACTICE!
WHICH WORD WOULD BE
ASSOCIATED WITH SEEING YOUR
INITIALS?
MONOPOLY? MONOLOGUE? MONOGRAM?
(MONOGRAM)
PRACTICE!
STONEHENDGE IS A CREATION
MADE OF SEVERAL…
MONOLITHS? MONARCHS? MONOPOLIES?
(MONOLITHS)
PRACTICE!
SHAKESPEARE IS KNOWN FOR
REVEALING A CHARACTER’S FEELINGS
THROUGH A SPEECH CALLED A ...
MONOPOLY? MONOLOGUE?
(MONOLOGUE)
UNUS <L. ONE
UNANIMOUS
UNILATERAL
UNANIMOUS
• Being in complete agreement
(animus <L. mind, spirit)
UNILATERAL
• One-sided
• Done by or affecting one person,
group, or country and not
another
(latus <L. side)
DUO <L. TWO or DUPLEX <L. TWOFOLD
• DUPLEX
• DUPLICATE
DUPLEX
• A dwelling with two living units
DUPLICATE
• To make an identical copy or
double of something
• To repeat
(plicare <L. to fold)
PRACTICE!
A ONE-SIDED DECISION WOULD
BE DESCRIBED AS BEING…
UNANIMOUS? DUPLICATE? UNILATERAL?
(UNILATERAL)
PRACTICE!
IF EVERYBODY AGREES, THE
DECISION IS …
DUPLICATE? UNILATERAL? UNANIMOUS?
(UNANIMOUS)
BI <L. TWO
• BILATERAL
• BIPARTISAN
• BISECT
BILATERAL
• Having two sides
• Made between two persons or
groups
(latus <L. side)
BIPARTISAN
• Involving two political parties
(pars, partis <L. part)
BISECT
• To divide into two equal parts
(secare <L. to cut)
PRACTICE!
If you dividing something into
two equal parts, you are …
bisecting? bilateral? bipartisan?
(BISECTING)
CHALLENGE!
WHICH WORD WILL BE
ASSOCIATED WITH SOMEBODY
SPEAKING OR GIVING A SPEECH?
(MONOLOGUE)
CHALLENGE!
WHICH WORDS WILL BE USED TO
REFER TO “ONE SIDE” VERSUS
“TWO SIDES”?
(UNILATERAL and BILATERAL)
CHALLENGE!
WHICH WORD IS GOING TO BE
USED TO DESCRIBE FANCY
LETTERING?
(MONOGRAM)
CHALLENGE!
WHICH WORD IS GOING TO BE
USED TO DESCRIBE A PLACE
WITH TWO SPACES FOR LIVING?
(DUPLEX)
CHALLENGE!
WHAT TWO WORDS MAY BE
USED TO REFER TO “A VERY
STRONG, SUCCESSFUL
CORPORATION”?
(MONOPOLY and MONOLITH)
CHALLENGE!
A DECISION MADE BY JUST ONE
PERSON FOR A WHOLE GROUP
WOULD BE CALLED A
___________ DECISION.
UNILATERAL
CHALLENGE!
The comedian is famous for his
____________on winning the
lottery.
MONOLOGUE
CHALLENGE!
DO YOU KNOW THE TWO
DIFFERENT DEFINITIONS FOR
MONOLITH?
1) LARGE BLOCK OF STONE
2) A LARGE ORGANIZATION THAT
ACTS AS A SINGLE UNIT
CHALLENGE!
WHICH WORD IS IN
REFERENCE TO TWO
POLITICAL PARTIES?
(BIPARTISAN)
CHALLENGE!
CAN YOU PLACE THE WORDS
INTO PARTS OF SPEECH
GROUPS?
Nouns? Adjectives? Verbs?
NOUNS
MONOLOGUE
MONARCH
MONOGRAM
MONOPOLY
MONOLITH
DUPLEX
ADJECTIVES
UNANIMOUS
UNILATERAL
BILATERAL
BIPARTISAN
VERBS
MONOGRAM
DUPLICATE
BISECT
CHALLENGE!
CAN YOU CREATE THE
ALTERNATE FORMS OF THE
VOCABULARY WORDS?
ALTERNATE FORMS
CHANGE MONARCH TO AN
ADJECTIVE FORM…
MONARCHIAL
MONARCHIC
ALTERNATE FORMS
CHANGE MONOPOLY TO A
VERB FORM…
MONOPOLIZE
ALTERNATE FORMS
CHANGE MONOLITH TO AN
ADJECTIVE FORM…
MONOLITHIC
ALTERNATE FORMS
CHANGE UNANIMOUS TO THE
NOUN FORM…
UNANIMITY
ALTERNATE FORMS
CHANGE BISECT TO THE
NOUN FORM…
BISECTION
CHALLENGE!
When you ________a square,
you end up with two rectangles.
(bisect)
CHALLENGE!
The hearing, conducted by both
Republicans and Democrats,
reflected a ___________ approach.
(bipartisan)
CHALLENGE!
A massive _________formed the
roof of the tomb.
(monolith)
CHALLENGE!
Napoleon Bonaparte’s personal
dishes and silverware have the
___________of an N.
(monogram)
CHALLENGE!
Because I made stupid comments,
the conversation with my mom
turned into a _____________. She
did all the lecturing!
(monologue)
CHALLENGE!
To reach a verdict, a jury must
have __________agreement in
the verdict.
(unanimous)
CHALLENGE!
One ruling __________ of Britain
was Elizabeth I.
(monarch)
CHALLENGE!
It was an agreement between
the two countries that was
____________.
(unanimous or bilateral)
CHALLENGE!
The media _____________owns a
number of television networks.
(monolith)
CHALLENGE!
The families that lived in the
__________shared the same front
porch and garage. It cost too much for
them each to have their own home.
(duplex)
CHALLENGE!
The sister had to make a
_________decision about the care of
her mother because the other sisters
lived out of state and were unavailable.
(unilateral)