Rae Wickline
1B
 Pass needed acts to better control the state
 Could create helpful alliances with other
countries
 Could create political and trading alliances with their
marriages
 Gives land to soldiers for loyalty to the monarch or for
a victory in a major battle
 Could grant the money for exploration of unknown
places
 Create colonies to further spread the country’s power
 Could choose the religion that the state had to follow
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_ Catholic vs. Protestant
Only one person with all the power
Greed, corruption, and favoritism shown
Could imprison someone with no need of it being
legally correct
Unfair taxes on the lower classes, giving nobles the
least to pay
 Always had to have a close, trusted friend in the court
of the monarch
 Had to have some time yourself spent at court
showing your loyalty toward the monarch
 The monarch could show favoritism toward some
nobles
 Unfair in ruling the state
 Natural human rights- Have the right to freedom of
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speech
Equality– Widely believed in, Sparked both the
American and French revolutions
Freedom of religion
Logical explanation for something once believed to be
god
Church thought that these ideas were heresy, meaning
the church could excommunicate, torture, jail or even
executed the “heretics”
 John Locke’s Two Treaties of Government- Gives the
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ideas of self government and Power from the people
Voltaire’s Candid- influenced the U.S. Constitutionfreedom of speech, freedom of religious beliefs
Jean Jacques Rousseau’s Social Contract- Gave the
idea of voting
Baron de Montesquieu’s Of the Spirit of Laws- his
ideas were the main basis of the Constitution
Denis Diderot’s encyclopedia- made other’s articles
and essays available to the public therefore spreading
the Enlightenment’s idea faster
 Sir Isaac Newton- developed the laws of motion,
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explaining that all motion can be measured and defined,
invented the reflection telescope
Galileo - improved the telescope, proving that Copernicus
was indeed correct to state that the sun was the center of
our universe
Francis Bacon and Rene Descartes develop the scientific
method
Science disproved that alchemy could turn non precious
metals into gold
Robert Boyle- found the differences between the elements
and the chemical compounds that make the elements up
 Sir Isaac Newton- created calculus,
binomial theorem, made a systematic way of
integrating algebra into geometry
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Mary Wollstonecraft- an author that was a head of
her time. She wrote that women need an education
to be useful in society just like men
 Before the Enlightenment the style was very ornate
and grand but with the changing of times people fell
back on the classical look, elegant, and harmonious
Painted by Johannes de Eyck,
Painted by Joshua Reynolds,
Arnolfini and his wife, c. 15th century Duchess of Bedford, 1756