FOOD SECURITY STRATEGY
FOOD SECURITY STRATEGY
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
1. Understand the importance and methods of
coordinating joint planning and strategy in the
Food Security Cluster
2. Identify and understand the concepts and common
principles behind short and long term food
security strategies
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FOOD SECURITY STRATEGY
RELEVANCE
Why is this subject covered?
The development of a coherent, agreed upon sectoral
strategy for a food security response is one of the most
important functions of the cluster. A general knowledge of
food security concepts will help in this development.
How does this relate to my day to day tasks?
Using data from joint or coordinated assessments, cluster
staff help guide cluster partners in the production of a food
security strategy document
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FOOD SECURITY STRATEGY
– WHY IMPORTANT?
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FOOD SECURITY CLUSTER- TOR
Guidance for
Coordination
Actions
Coordinated
What does the FSC do?
1.
Ensure predictable and accountable leadership
2.
Represent the food security community in the different country level fora
3.
Support coordination in assessment planning and response, strategy
4.
Develop benchmarks and indicators
5.
Advocacy for entire food security community, not just specific partners
6.
Strengthen national/local systems
7.
Ensure quality of response, promotion of appropriate standards and
delivery of services
8.
Ensure shared understanding of early recovery
9.
Learn and build upon best practices
10. Ensure partnership and inclusiveness
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COORDINATED FOOD SECURITY STRATEGY– WHAT IS IT?
Assessment Findings & Situation Analysis
(Prioritized Problems, Risks, and Gaps)
Set of Programmatic
Response Plans to Meet
Objectives
Set of Objectives and
targets
•
•
•
•
Appropriate
Feasible
Underlying Causes
Cross-cutting issues
Individual Organizations
Project Planning, Implementation and Monitoring
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FOOD SECURITY STRATEGY– DELIVERABLES
1st week
~2 months
Preliminary
Scenario
Definition
Initial
Assessments
and Analysis
New
Assessments
Preliminary
Response
Strategy Outline
More Detailed
Response
Strategy
Document
Updates to
Strategy
Document
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As required
Monitoring
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COORDINATED FOOD SECURITY STRATEGY – WHY AND HOW
Why?
‘ensuring…effective cluster and inter-cluster coordination
through collective planning of assessments and response’
• Support coordination in assessment planning, response,
and strategy
• Develop benchmarks and indicators
• Strengthen national/local systems
• Ensure understanding of early recovery
• Ensure partnership and inclusiveness
How?
Ensure
Partnership &
Inclusiveness
Support Coordination, Ensure
Quality/Standards, Develop
Benchmarks & Indicators
•
•
•
•
•
IM: Analysis dissemination
Push for agreement on
objectives, linked to problems
Guide evaluation of
strategy/response alternatives
Guide benchmark/indicator
development (Cross-cutting)
Consolidate and prepare doc
Food Security Strategy
•
•
Identify key
entities for
inclusion
Optimize
complement.
Strengthen
Nat’l Systems
/ Early
Recovery
•
•
•
•
Involvement
Training/ass
istance
Recovery
Twin-Track
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FOOD SECURITY STRATEGY
DEFINITION
“…Food Security exists when all people, at all times, have physical, social and
economic access to sufficient, safe and nutritious food to meet their dietary
needs and food preferences for an active and healthy life.”
Four pillars of food security:
1 AVAILABILITY
Physical presence
/proximity of food
through domestic
production or imports
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ACCESS
Physical, social, and
economic access to
enough food to meet
needs.
3
UTILIZATION
Use of food through
adequate diet,
WASH, etc. to reach
nutritional well-being
(non-food input)
4
STABILITY
Consistency and
reliability in food
supply
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FOOD SECURITY STRATEGY
FRAMEWORKS
Livelihoods
Nutrition
Food and
Nutrition
Security
Food Security
Strategy
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AVAILABILITY
Physical presence /
proximity of food
through domestic
production or imports
2
ACCESS
Physical, social, and
economic access to
enough food to meet
needs.
3
UTILIZATION
Use of food through
adequate diet,
WASH, etc. to reach
nutritional well-being
(non-food input)
4
STABILITY
Consistency and
reliability in food
supply
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AVAILABILITY
Physical presence
/proximity of food through
domestic production or
imports
STABILITY
Consistency and reliability
in food supply
ACCESS
Physical, social, and
economic access to
enough food to meet
needs.
UTILIZATION
Use of food through
adequate diet, WASH, etc.
to reach nutritional wellbeing (non-food input)
A FOOD SECURITY
SYSTEM
A SET OF INTERDEPENDENT
SUB-SYSTEMS (PILLARS)
“Rethinking Food Security in Humanitarian Response,” Maxwell, Webb, Coates, Wirth, Food Security
Forum, Rome, 2008.
• Meeting (closing the gap in) minimum current food and non-food consumption needs
• Stabilizing consumption into the medium term
• Laying the ground for enhanced future consumption in terms of quality, not only
quantity
• Repairing or replacing the local stock of damaged/lost productive assets
• Enhancing the productivity of current assets
• Repairing or enhancing impaired income streams (which may involved enhancing
human capital to achieve higher labor productivity)
• Make diversification of future income streams more feasible
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• Food
HelpSecurity
buffer
assets and income from a range of potential future hazards
STRATEGIC RESPONSE FRAMEWORK
Objectives: mitigate immediate FS problems,
support livelihoods, address causes: focus on
1.
2.
3.
4.
food consumption
livelihood change
nutrition
mortality
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OVERALL FSC OBJECTIVES?
•
•
•
•
Improve access to food
Institute seed distribution programs to
address food availability concerns
Improve food utilization at household level
Improve nutritional status
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OUTCOME: IMPROVED
FOOD CONSUMPTION
Among targeted population:
1. Quantity: X kcal pp/day
2. FCS: poor/borderline: <X%
hhs
3. HHS: moderate/severe
(scores 2-6): <X%
4. HDDS: <4 food group (out
of 12 food groups)s: <X%
5. HEA: <Livelihood Protection
Deficit: <X%
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OUTCOME: LIVELIHOOD CHANGE
Enhanced productivity of current assets (Livelihoods
protected: drought impact on HHs incomes
limited/source of nutrient food provided:)
Indicators for targeting:
1. Reduced animal mortality rates,
2. reduction of livestock distress-selling
3. livestock productivity preserved
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OUTCOME: IMPROVED
NUTRITIONAL STATUS
Among targeted population:
1. Stunting: X – Y%
2. BMI <X: Y--Z%
3. Anemia : <X%
4. Vitamin A deficiency: <X%
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IMPROVED ACCESS TO FOOD
Outputs: Vulnerable targeted HHs in country
and vulnerable HH’s receive sufficient basic
food commodities and other relevant assistance
to cover their requirements and establish a food
secure environment.
Indicators for targeting:
• # households receiving assistance
• # of beneficiaries receiving assistance
(disaggregated by gender)
• # MT of food commodities distributed
• # of cycles of distribution completed in a
timely manner
• % of beneficiary households compliant with
targeting criteria
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FOOD SECURITY STRATEGY – EXAMPLES (PAKISTAN)
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FOOD SECURITY STRATEGY-LIBYA (EXAMPLE)
• Food assistance to vulnerable groups including those
displaced from the conflict zones and those with
traditional vulnerability profiles such as orphans,
elderly and single parent households to ensure their
immediate food needs are met.
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FOOD SECURITY STRATEGY
EXERCISE
Using “situation analysis” outline from Assessment and
Analysis Module:
1. Develop 3-4 Food Security Cluster strategic objectives
that respond to the prioritized problems identified in the
morning. (refer to the IPC and the phase you identified)
1. Present to the group
Use Pakistan or Libya Handout as a guide
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FOOD SECURITY STRATEGY
RELEVANCE
Why is this subject covered?
The development of a coherent, agreed upon sectoral
strategy for a food security response is one of the most
important functions of the cluster. A general knowledge of
food security concepts will help in this development.
How does this relate to my day to day tasks?
Using data from joint or coordinated assessments, cluster
staff help guide cluster partners in the production o
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FOOD SECURITY STRATEGY
KEY MESSAGES
• Food security is composed of availability, access,
utilization, and stability
• Food security strategies have multiple goals but
all seek to address the pillars of FS.
• The FSC must recognize the different focuses of
varying strategy frameworks
• The Cluster coordinator must facilitate cluster
strategy planning, linking problems to results,
and results to strategies.
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KEY REFERENCE OUTCOMES: IPC
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Crude Mortality Rate
Acute Malnutrition
Disease
Food Access / Availability
Dietary Diversity Water
Access / Avail.
Destitution /
Displacement
Civil Security
Coping
Livelihood Assets
Assessment and Analysis
•
•
•
•
p/d; U5MR
% w/2z score
Epidemic; pandemic
Entitlement gap; 1200
kc/pp/pd
• Liters pp/pd
•
•
•
•
emerging; concentrated
Conflict level
Strategy type
Stress levels
FOOD SECURITY OUTCOME INDICATORS
(NATF Operational Guidance)
• % HHs according to food consumption score
• % HHs by duration of food stock
• % HHs by coping strategy index
• % HHs by main source of staple consumed
• % HHs with less than 3 meals daily for children
• % HHs with less than 2 meals daily for adults
• % HHs without physical access to any markets
• % markets by level of decreases in availability of staples
• % markets with price of staple foods increased by 20%
• % HHs by main income source
• % HHs by main type of cash expenditures
• Average daily casual labor wage
• % HHs receiving food assistance, by type
• % HHs receiving cash/vouchers
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OUTCOMES: PROTECTION OF LIVES, REDUCTION OF
HUNGER
Overall FSC Outcomes:
“…Save lives and avert
hunger amongst
vulnerable flood-affected
populations and stabilize
and/or improve the
nutritional status of
affected women and
children.”
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Outcome: Lives saved and hunger averted…amongst vulnerable floodaffected populations and nutritional status of affected women and
children stabilized/improved.
Indicators:
1. Reduced MAM amongst screened cases in flood-affected areas,
measured by the mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC)
2. Improved food consumption over the assistance period for
targeted flood-affected HHs, (HH Food Consumption Score-FCS)
3. 110,000 moderately acute malnourished children and 86,000
moderately acute malnourished pregnant and lactating women
treated
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