HOW DO YOU DECIDE WHO WILL BE THE
BEST PRESIDENT?...
Romney???
Obama???
WHAT ABOUT WHICH MAKE UP TO USE?
EDUCATED STUDENTS…
CHECK THE FACTS! ARE THE COMMERCIALS REALLY
GIVING US THE FACTS, OR ARE THEY USING
PROPAGANDA TECHNIQUES TO PERSUADE US???
YOU MAY BE WONDERING…WHAT IS
PROPAGANDA?
• PROPAGANDA IS A SERIOUS OF TECHNIQUES
USED TO INFLUENCE YOUR OPINION, EMOTIONS,
ATTITUDES, OR BEHAVIOR.
• SOMETIMES THE FACTS ARE NOT ENOUGH TO GET
CONSUMERS TO PURCHASE AN ITEM, SO
COMPANIES WILL DRESS UP THEIR PRODUCT TO
GET YOU HOOKED, OR TO PERSUADE YOU TO BUY
THE PRODUCT, BEFORE CHECKING THE FACTS.
What is this
trying to
persuade
you to do?
APPEAL TO AUTHORITY
•THIS IS A PERSUASIVE TECHNIQUE IN WHICH SPEAKER
MENTIONS AN IMPORTANT EVENT OR PERSON TO LEND
IMPORTANCE OR CREDIBILITY TO HIS ARGUMENT
BANDWAGON
•THIS IS A PERSUASIVE TECHNIQUE IN WHICH THE
SPEAKER TRIES TO CONVINCE HIS AUDIENCE THAT A
PRODUCT IS GOOD BECAUSE "EVERYONE" IS BUYING IT.
CARD STACKING
•THIS IS A PROPAGANDA TECHNIQUE AND THE TERM COMES FROM
STACKING A DECK OF CARDS IN YOUR FAVOR. IT IS USED TO
SLANT A MESSAGE. KEY WORDS OR UNFAVORABLE STATISTICS
MAY BE OMITTED IN AN AD OR COMMERCIAL, LEADING TO A
SERIES OF HALF-TRUTHS.
ENDORSEMENT/TESTIMONIAL
• THIS IS A PERSUASIVE TECHNIQUE
WHERE SOMEONE WELL-KNOWN OR
RESPECTED STATES THAT THEY USE A
PARTICULAR PRODUCT.
GLITTERING GENERALITIES
• THESE ARE VAGUE, POSITIVE CONNOTATIONS
THAT PRODUCE EMOTIONAL APPEAL BECAUSE
THEY ARE ASSOCIATED WITH HIGHLY-VALUED
CONCEPTS OR BELIEFS. TYPICALLY USED BY
POLITICIANS AND PROPAGANDISTS
INTERTEXTUAL REFERENCES
• THIS IS A PERSUASIVE TECHNIQUE WHERE
AN AUTHOR ADAPTS, COPIES, OR REFERS
TO OTHER SOURCES, E.G. ADS REFER TO
MOVIES.
NAME CALLING
• THIS PROPAGANDA TECHNIQUE CONSISTS OF ATTACHING A
NEGATIVE LABEL TO A PERSON OR A THING. PEOPLE ENGAGE IN
THIS TYPE OF BEHAVIOR WHEN THEY ARE TRYING TO AVOID
SUPPORTING THEIR OWN OPINION WITH FACTS. RATHER THAN
EXPLAIN WHAT THEY BELIEVE IN, THEY PREFER TO TRY TO TEAR
THEIR OPPONENT DOWN.
PLAIN FOLKS APPEAL
• THIS IS A PROPAGANDA TECHNIQUE THAT USES A FOLKSY
APPROACH TO CONVINCE US TO SUPPORT SOMEONE OR
SOMETHING. THESE ADS DEPICT PEOPLE WITH ORDINARY LOOKS
DOING ORDINARY ACTIVITIES.
REBUTTAL
• THIS IS A VERBAL OR ORAL RESPONSE TO AN ARGUMENT
PRESENTING AN OPPOSITE VIEWPOINT
REPETITION
• THIS IS A PERSUASIVE TECHNIQUE IN
WHICH A WORD, PHRASE, OR ENTIRE
SENTENCE IS REPEATED TO
REINFORCE THE SPEAKER'S
MESSAGE.
SHOCK TACTIC
• THIS IS A PERSUASIVE TECHNIQUE WHERE AN AUTHOR USES A
LARGE NEGATIVE IMPACT TO ENCOURAGE READERS TO AGREE
WITH THEM.
SLANTED WORDS
•THIS IS A PERSUASIVE TECHNIQUE WHERE AN AUTHOR USES
WORDS PACKED WITH EMOTION TO MAKE THE READER FEEL A
PARTICULAR WAY.
STEREOTYPING
• THESE ARE SIMPLIFIED IMAGES THAT NARROWLY DEFINE
CERTAIN GROUPS OF PEOPLE.
TABLOID THINKING
• THIS IS A PERSUASIVE TECHNIQUE WHERE A WRITER
OVERSIMPLIFIES COMPLEX ISSUES.
FAULTY
REASONING
•FACTUAL SUPPORTING DETAILS ARE USED THOUGH THEY DO
NOT SUPPORT THE CONCLUSION. IT WORKS LIKE THIS:
DOES THE USE OF THESE TECHNIQUES MAKE
THE PRODUCT UN-RELIABLE?
•NO! WE MUST MAKE OUR OWN CHOICE BY…
•WE READ AND LISTEN TO RELIABLE SOURCES,
•WE WATCH FOR COMBINATIONS OF TRUTHS AND LIES,
•WE CHECK FOR HIDDEN MESSAGES,
•WE WATCH FOR USE OF PROPAGANDA TECHNIQUES,
•AND WE MUST LISTEN TO OUR OWN VOICE!