To use picture
clues, media
clips and the
Muslim concept
of Jihad to
understand
Muslim
attitudes to
war.
Grade C
All will be able to describe the
meaning of ‘greater’ and
‘lesser’ JIHAD and explain
why the concept of ‘lesser
JIHAD’ is often
misunderstood.
Grade B
Most will be able to examine
quotes from the Qur’an and
explain their meaning.
Grade A/A*
Some will be able to express an
opinion on whether it is ever
ethical for a Muslim to fight
in a war.
What do you think
the word STRUGGLE
means?
Struggle means
to do something
with difficulty in
an attempt to
reach a goal.
Write a definition
OR a list of words
OR ideas to explain
this word.
The main Muslim attitude
to war is that it is part of
Muslim struggle (JIHAD) –
Muslims believe that it may
be necessary to go to war
to achieve JUSTICE as long
as the war is JUST.
The Muslim version of a
JUST WAR (sometimes
known as a HOLY WAR) has
slight different conditions
to the Christian version.
The word Islam comes from the word SALAAM,
meaning PEACE. It also means submission.
Muslims are taught that they should work or fight
for JUSTICE.
ALL Muslims will avoid WAR if possible.
Watch the following clip carefully...
1. What does the term JIHAD mean?
2. There are TWO types of JIHAD what are they?
The Qur’an teaches Muslims that in order to
follow the will of Allah, people will face many
struggles, both inside themselves and in the
world.
A personal effort made
by every Muslim to
devote his or her
life to carrying out
Allah's will and fight
against evil.
There are TWO types
of JIHAD
1. GREATER
JIHAD
1. GREATER
(inner)
JIHAD
What
dothat
you Muslims
think this
struggle
face
struggle
involves?
within
themselves.
2. LESSER
JIHAD
2. LESSER
(Physical)
JIHAD
What
do you
this
Struggle
withthink
the outside
struggle
involves?
world
JIHAD
Greater
Lesser
Set up
your book
in the
following
way…
Use the
following
slides to
help you
make notes
The struggle that
Muslims face
within themselves.
This is the conflict of good and evil within
ourselves.
Using your mini whiteboards can you work out what
GREATER JIHAD involves from the following
pictures...?
I want a hat
and scarf!
• Visit mosque regular
• Study Quran regular
• Help the poor and needy
• Be a good friend and neighbour
How is HAJJ a good example of GREATER
JIHAD?
The struggle that
Muslims face with
the world.
This is physical struggle – although Islam is a
religion of peace the Qur’an teaches that
there are certain circumstances where the
use of violence is permitted.
Using your mini whiteboards and the following slides can
you work out why violence is sometimes permitted...
The Qur’an
teaches must
fight if they are
attacked.
Muhammad
did it – so
its ok!
Muhammad himself fought in wars and many of
his teachings permit war.
Those who die
in a holy war
will go straight
to heaven.
Which is more
difficult to
achieve, the
GREATER or
LESSER jihad?
Why?
Grade C
All will be able
to describe
the meaning of
‘greater’ and
‘lesser’
JIHAD.
Watch the following clip carefully...
Why is the concept of JIHAD often misunderstood by non-Muslims?
The idea of Jihad is
often
misunderstood by
non-Muslims who
then see Islam as
being a violent
religion, when the
vast majority of
Muslims are
peaceful.
This is mostly a stereotype fed by the media who
misunderstand many aspects of Muslim life. Jihad is often
linked to terrorists and terrorism as they misuse the
concept of Jihad to justify their actions.
Although jihad does
not mean war, many
Muslims believe that
the fight against
evil and the
preservation of
Islam may justify
going into battle.
This is then described as
Harb-al-Muqadis, which is
technically a Holy War.
Grade C
All will be able
to explain why
the concept of
‘lesser JIHAD’
is often
misunderstood.
I think this means…
Fight in the way of Allah those
who fight you but do not
transgress (break the rules).
Allah does not like
transgressors. (Qur’an 2:190)
I think this means…
And if two parties among the
believers should fight, then
make settlement between the
two… in justice and act justly.
Indeed, Allah loves those who
act justly. (Qur’an 49:9)
Permission (to fight) has been
given to those who are being
fought, because they were
wronged. And indeed, Allah is
competent to give them
victory. (Qur’an 22:39)
Muslim teachings
on WAR…
I think this means…
I think this means…
And what is (the matter) with
you that you fight not in the
cause of Allah and (for) the
oppressed among men, women
and children. (Qur’an 4:75)
I think this means…
If anyone killed a person not in retaliation
of murder, or (and) to spread mischief in
the land – it would be as if he killed all
mankind, and if anyone saved a life, it
would be as if he saved the life of all
mankind. (Qur’an 5:32)
Read each QUOTE and write down what you think it means –
what is it teaching Muslims about WAR?
JUST
CAUSE =
• Defence
of Islam
• Selfdefence
•Fighting
injustice
War must be
authorised
by a Muslim
Authority!
I say
its OK!
All other non-violent methods must
have failed!
This is
called
FATWA!
It must be fought with the MINIMUM
amount of suffering and innocent civilians
MUST NOT be killed.
It must END when the enemy
surrenders.
It should aim
to restore
PEACE and
FREEDOM
NOW think about the SIMILARITIES and
CanDIFFERENCES
you
work outthese
the 6 conditions
of a Muslim
JUST/HOLY
war
from the
the
JUST
WAR
Now
match
6 to
conditions
up
to thecriteria.
QUOTES
picture clues?
Create
a
KEY
and
highlight
these
on your mind map.
from(everyone
the Qur’an.
THINK – PAIR – SHARE
on their mini whiteboards)
JUST
CAUSE =
• Defence
of Islam
• Selfdefence
•Fighting
injustice
All other non-violent methods must have failed!
War must
be
authorised
by a Muslim
Authority!
I say
YES!
This is
called
FATWA!
It must be fought with the MINIMUM amount of
suffering and innocent civilians MUST NOT be killed.
It must END when the enemy surrenders.
It should
aim to
restore
PEACE and
FREEDOM
Choose ONE similarity and ONE difference…
How are they
SIMILAR?
Explain your
response
How are they
DIFFERENT?
Explain your
response
Grade B
Most will be
able to
examine quotes
from the
Qur’an and
explain their
meaning.
A growing number of Muslims (such as the Muslim Peace Fellowship)
have a more
PACIFIST
This is because...
•
•
•
•
•
•
The word Islam is Arabic for PEACE – PEACE
is therefore at the heart of their faith.
WMD and nuclear weapons cannot follow the
rules of lesser Jihad as innocent people will
always be killed.
There are always other means to gain PEACE
instead of war.
Violence only leads to more violence – it
increases hatred.
References in the Qur’an relate to the past
not the present.
HOWEVER they too will accept WAR as a
LAST RESORT.
WHY?
view...
‘A religious person should not
fight in a war’
In your answer you should refer to one religion
other than Christianity.
(i)
Do YOU
agree?
Swap
with
a partner
I…… because…
(ii) mark
Give reasons
why others
some
and
each
people might disagree WITH
work in GREEN
YOU. PEN
Some people might disagree
The
type
of
question
(D)
and the marks for
I also…… because…
with me because…
each question
(6).
Also…
Finally I… because….
Finally…
Please
comment
– giving a POSITIVE and a
REMEMBER:
Points
should be DETAILED
TARGET
Grade A/A*
Some will be able
to express an
opinion on
whether it is
ever ethical for
a Muslim to
fight in a war.
Now we know what we do
about GREATER and
LESSER JIHAD we
can make a decision
over recent events and
dismiss any
misconceptions...
We will look at 4 events that some have claimed to
be examples JIHAD...
Use what we have learnt in today's lesson to decide whether
you think each of these to be an example of Jihad – Explain
your response to each example.
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VjtLK2Tdv
HE
One thing I have learnt
today is...
One thing that has
surprised me this lesson
is...
One thing I would like to
know more about is...