Nationalism Triumphs in Europe
Germany Strengthens
Warm Up
 How did Germany become a strong nation? Give me 1
reason.
Warm Up 12/3
 Who was William I? What did he do?
Objectives
 After the lesson, students will be able to
 Describe how Germany became an industrial giant.
 Explain why Bismarck was called the Iron Chancellor
 List the Policies of Kaiser William II.
Today’s Goals
 Go over TAG
 Complete Cause and Effect Worksheet
 Notes on Germany Strengthening
Mini-Quiz Chapter 10 Section 1 & 2
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Who is Otto von Bismarck?
What does Chancellor mean and who became Chancellor to the King
of Prussia?
Kaiser means __________?
Reich is the German word for____________?
Annex means ___________?
Bismarck’s main purpose by unifying the German states was to
support nationalism. T or F
Realpolitiks is practical policies based on the needs of the state. T or F
The new German government was structured as a 2 house legislation
T or F
EXTRA CREDIT: How did the empreror and his chancellor retain
power in German Government?
Birth of the German Empire
 William I of Prussia took the title kaiser.
 January 1871: Birth of the second Reich.
 Constitution was drafted:
 2 house legislature
 Upper house appointed by the rulers of the German states:
Bundesrat.
 Lower house: elected by universal male suffrage: Reichstag
 Bundesrat could veto any decisions of the Reichstag.
 Where did the power stay?
Germany Becomes an Industrial Giant
 German empire emerged as the industrial giant of the
European continent.
 Chemical and electrical industries were setting standards.
 German shipping only second to Britain’s.
Making Economic Progress
 What made industrialization possible?
 Ample iron and coal resources
 Disciplined and educated workforce
 Rapidly growing population
 41 million in 1871 to 67 Million in1914
 Early progress
 1850s & 60s Founded large companies and built many RR.
 Krupp boomed after 1871: an enormous industrial complex that
produced steel and weapons for a world market.
 August Thyssen built a small steel factory of 70 workers into a giant
empire with 50,000 employees.
Promoting Scientific and Economic
Development
 Valued applied science in developing new products such as
synthetic chemicals and dyes.
 Industrialists and Government supported research and
development.
 Economic development:
 1 single currency for Germany
 Reorganized the banking system
 Coordinated railroads built by the various states
 Depression in the late 1800s: Germany rose tariffs to protect
home industries.
The Iron Chancellor
 Foreign Policy Goals:
 Wanted to keep France weak and isolated
 Build strong links with Austria and Russia.
 Didn’t compete with Britain with naval power but competed for
overseas colonies.
 Domestic Policy:
 Erase local loyalties and crush all opposition to the imperial
state
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Targeted 2 groups
o Catholic Church
o Socialists
Campaign Against the Church
 Catholics made up about 1/3 of the German population.
 Bismarck was Lutheran and distrusted Catholics. Why?
 Loyalty lies with the pope instead of to Germany.
 Launched the Kultukampf (battle for civilization) 1871-78
 Goal: Make Catholics put loyalty to the state above allegiance to the
Church
 Passed laws that gave the state the rights to supervise Catholic education
 Approve priests appointments.
 Closed some religious orders
 Expelled the Jesuits from Prussia
 Made it compulsory for couples to be married by civil authority
 Made a mistake: Catholics rallied behind the Church
 Worked to make peace with the Church.
Analyzing Political Cartoons
Campaign Against the Socialists
 German Marxists organized the Social Democratic party.
 Called for parliamentary democracy and laws to improve conditions
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for the working class.
Bismarck feared socialist would undermine loyalty of German
Workers and turn them towards revolution.
Dissolved socialist groups, shutdown newspapers, banned meetings .
Backfired again. Workers unified in support of the socialist cause.
Bismarck changed course:
 Sponsored laws to protect workers
 1890s health and accident insurance and old-age insurance
 Socialism still grew. By 1912—held more seats in the Reichstage than any
other party.
 Other Europeans would build on Bismarck’s social policies.
Kaiser William II
 William II succeeded his grandfather as kaiser.
 Supremely confident in his abilities and wished to put his
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own stamp on Germany.
Asked Bismarck to resign in 1890
“There is only one master in the Reich, and that is I”
He was an Absolute Monarch
Resisted efforts to introduce democratic reforms.
Kaiser William II
 Government provided programs for social welfare.
 Cheap transportation and electricity.
 Public Schools taught students obedience to the emperor
along with reading, writing, and mathematics.
 Funded German military, most powerful in Europe.
 Expand navy and expand overseas empire to rival those
of Britain and France.
 Increased tensions on the eve of WWI.
How did German increase its power
after unifying in 1871?
 Complete your Causes and Effects worksheet.
 Use your notes and book.
 Work with the partner next to you.
Cool Down 12/3
 Who was William II? What did he do?
Cool Down
 Do you think Bismarck’s methods were justified by his social
reforms? Explain.