PASS
MERIT
DISTINCTION
P3: IDENTIFY the
LOCATION of the MAJOR
MUSCLES in the human
body
P4: DESCRIBE the
FUNCTION of the
MUSCULAR SYSTEM and
the different FIBRE TYPES
M1: EXPLAIN the
FUNCTION of the
MUSCULAR SYSTEM and
the different FIBRE TYPES
D1: ANALYSE the
FUNCTION of the
MUSCULAR SYSTEM and
the different FIBRE TYPES
VERB
PLAIN ENGLISH
Describe
Try to “Paint a picture” in words. Assume that the person that you
are Describing to does not know anything about the subject that you
are describing. Tell them what you have learned.
Identify
Create a List of KEY FEATURES.(e.g) Steven Gerrards Strengths are:
Aerobic Endurance, Goal scoring ratio etc….
Explain
Once you have Described the subject, often you will need to give
further details and reasons why. (e.g) Once you have described
England’s poor performance in the World Cup, you may also give
some reasons why the players did not perform as well as they could.
Analyse
You need to SELECT the KEY POINTS and EXPLAIN each point
providing REASONS for each point and also looking at
POTENTIALIMPACTS.(e.g.) If you were looking at the performance of
Barcelona you may pick out the key points in their success – Money,
Lionel Messi, Iniesta etc.. You would then explain the contribution of
each player and also look at what the club could do to regain the
Champions league next season
Vastus
Intermedius
• Skeletal
• Smooth
• Cardiac
• Also called Stripy/striated muscle
• Voluntary – Under Conscious control
• Over 700 skeletal muscles in the body
• Attached to bones
• Is made up of different muscle fibres
• Involuntary – Works without thought
• Found in the walls of hollow internal structures
such as blood vessels, the stomach, intestines,
urinary bladder
• A smooth muscle is non-striated (smooth)
• Peristaltic Action – Contract consecutively, one
after the other
• Found in the walls of the heart
• Its contraction is involuntary (not under conscious
control)
• Pumps blood around the body, without getting
tired
• It is striated (has light and dark bands)
• Muscles cross joints that they move
• Pulling force from muscles causes
movement
• Muscle Tone – State of readiness to
work
• Strength of contraction – Depends on
the number of fibres that have been
recruited
• Antagonistic Muscle Pairs
• Muscles work together in groups
to create movement
• Muscles can function as the
following: Agonist, Antagonist,
Synergist, Fixator.
• Shortens to move a joint
• Also called the PRIME MOVER
• Relaxes when the agonist
muscle is working
• Has a BRAKING effect
• Synergist = Muscles that help
the agonist muscle
• Fixator = Stop unwanted
movement
• Stabilise the movement
• Isometric
• Concentric
• Eccentric
• Isokinetic
• Muscle tenses
• Stays the same length
• Joint angle stays the same
• E.G. Holding a Press-up
• Muscle shortens under
tension
• Origin and Insertion move
closer together
• Muscle lengthens under
tension
• Origin and Insertion move
further apart
• E.G. Bicep Curl – Lowering
Phase
• Muscle contracts at a
CONSTANT SPEED
• Need specialised
equipment that controls
the muscle action
• There are three types of
muscle fibre:
• Type 1
• Type 2a
• Type 2b
• Contract slowly
• Lots of blood vessels
• Low Force
• Fatigue resistant
• Low Intensity, Long duration activities
• Type of Fast Twitch Fibres
• Fast Contractions
• Produce Force
• Resistant to Fatigue
• E.G. Middle Distance
Runners
• Type of Fast Twitch Fibres
• Fast Contractions
• Lots of Force
• Fatigue quickly
• Anaerobic Activities
• E.G. 100M