The function of the
skeletal system, Types
of bone and planes of
movement
Functions:
Provides a framework for the body
Bones act as levers and by
forming joints allows
muscles to pull on them
and create joint
movements… so we can
move in all directions and
perform the functions we
need on a daily basis.
The skeleton gives the body
its distinctive shape and is
the framework that which to
attach muscles and other
soft tissue.
Allows movement of the body as a
whole and its individual parts
Without a
skeleton we
would be a
big bag of….
FLUID!!
Certain bones contain RED
bone marrow, the bone
marrow produces RED blood
cells, WHITE blood cells and
PLATELETS
Production of blood cells
Protection
Bones will support and protect the vital
organs they contain.
What 4 examples can
you think of???
The ‘certain’ bones are: Pelvis,
Sternum, Vertebrae, Costals, Cranial
bones and Clavicle.
Fats (triglycerides) are also stored
within the YELLOW bone marrow.
Storage of minerals and fats
Bones themselves are minerals stored
within cartilage… acting as a mineral
store for Calcium, Magnesium and
Phosphorous.
Attachment of soft tissue
Bones provide the surface
for attachment of soft
tissues, such as Muscles,
Ligaments and Tendons.
Long Bone
Flat Bones
Femur
Humerus
Tibia
Metacarpals
Phalanges
Having a body longer
than it is wide and
having growth plates
at either end
(epiphysis)
Flat bones are strong, flat
plates of bone with the
main function of providing
protection to the bodies
vital organs and being a
base for muscular
attachment.
Scapula (shoulder blade). The
Sternum (breast bone), Cranium
(skull), Pelvis and Ribs are also
classified as flat bones
Function of
Protection and
Stability, with
little movement
Short Bone
They are approximately
wide as they are long
Irregular Bones
These are bones that do not fit into
any other category due to their
unusual shape.
Good examples being the Vertebrae,
Sacrum and Mandible (lower jaw).
The most obvious
example: The
Patella (knee cap)
which sits within
the Patella or
Quadriceps
tendon.
Sesamoid Bones
Sesamoid bones are usually present in a tendon
where it passes over a joint, acting as protection to
the tendon.
Sesamoid bones
are usually short or
irregular bones,
imbedded in a
tendon.
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
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Anterior – To the front
Posterior – To the rear
Medial – Towards the midline
Lateral – Away from the midline
Proximal – Near to the root
Distal – away from the root
Superior – Above
Inferior – Below
Visual view of the
anatomical structure
Task…
Continue with the P1
assessment from yesterday,
using the same word document!
You should also finish off the work that you
started in yesterdays lesson… making sure that
you look at the rest of the assessment below.
• The different types of bone (i.e. long, short,
flat, irregular, sesamoid) and identify the major
bones
within the body.
• The function of the skeletal system (i.e.
support; protection; attachment for skeletal
muscle; source of
blood cell production; store of minerals)
…If finished all of the above
assessment, start to look at the
different types of joints within the
body (Elbow=Hinge Joint)