Section 1 – “With Malice Toward None”
 Now
that the Civil War was over …..
THE QUESTION IS HOW IS THE SOUTH TO BE
BROUGHT BACK INTO THE UNION?
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250,000 Southerners had died in the war.
(but the North had also lost…300,000 dead)
The South’s land lay in ruin, charred, ruined.
Their economy was tied up in their land.
(but still the North also had damages – they
had forts and factories torn apart)
 Lincoln
basically
believed the South
were still states and
the most the Union
should ask was for
some Confederate
leaders not to be in
office but he didn’t
want to punish them.
 Some
Republicans and
most Democrats
agreed with Lincoln.
 But others called
“Radical Republicans”
were bitter towards
the South and wanted
to punish them. They
also wanted to see the
newly freed slaves
receive fair treatment.
 They
thought the
Southern States had
no rights under the
Constitution
(wanted to treat
them as conquered
territories like those
out West).
 Obviously the fear
was that this would
never get them
back.
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Rep. from PA – called “a
humanitarian without
humanity”
Club foot
Fought for noble causes but
seemed to always have
grudge with all.
Purpose in life was to punish
the “traitors”
Confederates had destroyed
his iron works and burned
nearby city
Inspired fear more than love
or respect.
Fought to abolish slavery
 Leader
of RR in Senate
from Massachusetts
 Had been beaten
before the war by
Brooks (p. 316) in
chamber – now time for
pay back!
 Proud, vain, fought
against slavery and
white Southreners.
Dec 8, 1863 (before war ended)
Lincoln in his speech
“Proclamation of Amnesty and
Reconstruction”. – said he
would pardon almost all
Southerners.
 All he asked in return was a
solemn oath to support the
Constitution, abolish slavery,
 Basically if 1/10 of those who
voted in the 1860 election to the
oath then they were back in.

RR weren’t satisfied.
 50% of white men in
state needed to take a
new oath.
 Then since the old
south had committed
suicide they would
need to have an
election to call a
convention to make a
new state constitution.

 Can’t
vote unless you
took the “iron-clad”
oath.
 The oath was not only
a future one but one
of past purity (which
most couldn’t make)
 Lincoln wouldn’t sign
it but said the States
could choose his or
the Wade Davis plan.
April 14, 1865 – after
Cabinet meeting, Lincoln
joined wife at Ford’s
Theater in DC.
 Actor, John Wilkes Booth,
of Maryland, a passionate
Southerner, a week after
Appomattox, shot Lincoln
in head and shouted “Sic
semper tyrannis” (thus
ever to Tyrants),
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Sec. of State Seward was
also seriously injured but
the conspirator who went
to kill VP Johnson lost his
nerve.
Booth and fellow
conspirators were caught
and killed (shot and barn
on fire)
6 were hung (including
MD. Mary Surratt the first
woman ever executed.
Her son got away!
 Go
to
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/O_Captain!
_My_Captain!
 And
download and print in One Note “O
Captain, My Captain” a poem written by
Walt Whitman in memorial to President
Abraham Lincoln.